{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412960484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2025-0194","title":"Modeling and analysis of deep-sea optical fiber cables for global data traffic","display_name":"Modeling and analysis of deep-sea optical fiber cables for global data traffic","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412960484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2025-0194"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/joc-2025-0194","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2025-0194","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2025-0194","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764684264","display_name":"Journal of Optical Communications","issn_l":"0173-4911","issn":["0173-4911","2191-6322"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Optical Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sourav Choudhary","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110360157","display_name":"Lovely Professional University","ror":"https://ror.org/00et6q107","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110360157"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sourav Choudhary","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering , Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering , Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110360157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113331232","display_name":"Hunny Pahuja","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802922787","display_name":"GD Goenka University","ror":"https://ror.org/053y5dz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802922787"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hunny Pahuja","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Sciences , GD Goenka University , Gurgaon , Haryana , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Sciences , GD Goenka University , Gurgaon , Haryana , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802922787"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025460335","display_name":"Manoj Sindhwani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8323-2848","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8323-2848"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110360157","display_name":"Lovely Professional University","ror":"https://ror.org/00et6q107","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110360157"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manoj Sindhwani","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering , Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering , Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110360157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060730742","display_name":"Shippu Sachdeva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6859-8622","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6859-8622"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110360157","display_name":"Lovely Professional University","ror":"https://ror.org/00et6q107","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110360157"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shippu Sachdeva","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering , Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering , Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110360157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111807778","display_name":"Manoj Kumar Shukla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3932-6505","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3932-6505"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I244572783","display_name":"Symbiosis International University","ror":"https://ror.org/005r2ww51","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I244572783"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manoj Kumar Shukla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Robotics and Automation, Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University) , Pune , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Robotics and Automation, Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University) , Pune , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I244572783"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021153739","display_name":"Manoj Singh Adhikari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-658X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-658X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110360157","display_name":"Lovely Professional University","ror":"https://ror.org/00et6q107","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110360157"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manoj Singh Adhikari","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering , Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering , Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , Punjab , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110360157"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2712},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10205736,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/submarine-optical-fiber-cable","display_name":"submarine optical fiber cable","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"bit error rate","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-loss","display_name":"optical loss","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromatic-dispersion","display_name":"chromatic dispersion","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-broadening","display_name":"pulse broadening","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erbium-doped-fiber-amplifier","display_name":"erbium-doped fiber amplifier","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raman-amplifier","display_name":"Raman amplifier","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength-division-multiplexing","display_name":"wavelength division multiplexing","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-integrity","display_name":"signal integrity","score":0.6809999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5519827008247375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5286949872970581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.46265938878059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160724564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620670","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.45504796504974365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4507909417152405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161325326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197961","display_name":"Optical fiber cable","level":3,"score":0.4494839608669281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.4319435954093933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.4318467080593109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101649071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359305","display_name":"Optical amplifier","level":3,"score":0.42559847235679626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781393691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2129992","display_name":"Raman amplification","level":4,"score":0.4235469698905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3091428577899933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3068450093269348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2561810612678528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.18023455142974854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12721696496009827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.11815625429153442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1515/joc-2025-0194","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2025-0194","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2025-0194","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764684264","display_name":"Journal of Optical Communications","issn_l":"0173-4911","issn":["0173-4911","2191-6322"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Optical Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5378999710083008,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2010945598","https://openalex.org/W2026905892","https://openalex.org/W2168974696","https://openalex.org/W2475136910","https://openalex.org/W2883238621","https://openalex.org/W4212817413","https://openalex.org/W4309567096","https://openalex.org/W4319761880","https://openalex.org/W4394594348","https://openalex.org/W4404787232"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378550280","https://openalex.org/W2138902627","https://openalex.org/W2160598716","https://openalex.org/W2022973548","https://openalex.org/W2125535436","https://openalex.org/W2133268737","https://openalex.org/W2132113725","https://openalex.org/W2170716489","https://openalex.org/W2045771840","https://openalex.org/W4240031586"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"research":[2],"paper":[3,75],"thoroughly":[4],"studies":[5],"modeling,":[6],"simulation,":[7],"and":[8,48,60,81,114,128,135,150,161,169,177,196],"performance":[9,69],"analysis":[10],"of":[11,29,43,63,70,95],"underwater":[12],"optical":[13,45,108],"fiber":[14,46],"communication":[15,83],"systems,":[16,23,73],"with":[17,193],"specific":[18],"emphasis":[19],"on":[20],"submarine":[21],"cable":[22],"which":[24],"form":[25],"the":[26,30,33,40,49,58,64,68,74,93],"infrastructural":[27],"backbone":[28],"internet":[31],"in":[32,97],"modern":[34],"world.":[35],"The":[36,120],"study":[37,121],"comprehensively":[38],"covers":[39],"multilayered":[41],"nature":[42,62,94],"deep-sea":[44],"cables":[47],"engineering":[50],"practices":[51],"utilized":[52],"to":[53,91,118,131,142],"protect":[54],"such":[55,71,125],"systems":[56],"from":[57],"dynamic":[59],"extreme":[61],"seafloor.":[65],"To":[66],"simulate":[67],"complex":[72],"utilizes":[76],"OptiSystem,":[77],"a":[78,188],"high-end":[79],"photonic":[80],"fiber-optic":[82],"system":[84],"design":[85],"simulation":[86],"software.":[87],"Simulations":[88],"are":[89,152,171],"designed":[90],"mimic":[92,132],"deployment":[96],"deep":[98],"waters,":[99],"testing":[100],"important":[101],"parameters":[102],"like":[103],"Bit":[104],"Error":[105],"Rate":[106],"(BER),":[107],"power":[109],"loss,":[110],"signal-to-noise":[111],"ratio":[112],"(SNR),":[113],"pulse":[115],"broadening":[116],"due":[117],"dispersion.":[119],"simulates":[122],"various":[123],"scenarios,":[124],"as":[126,187],"uncompensated":[127],"amplified":[129],"transmission,":[130],"real-world":[133],"degrading":[134],"recovery":[136],"processes.":[137],"Emphasis":[138],"is":[139,184],"particularly":[140],"given":[141],"signal":[143],"integrity":[144],"over":[145],"distance,":[146],"i.e.,":[147],"how":[148],"loss":[149],"dispersion":[151],"prevented":[153],"using":[154],"Erbium-Doped":[155],"Fiber":[156],"Amplifiers":[157],"(EDFAs),":[158],"Raman":[159],"amplifiers,":[160],"Dispersion":[162],"Compensation":[163],"Modules":[164],"(DCMs).":[165],"Their":[166],"locations,":[167],"spacings,":[168],"gains":[170],"determined":[172],"for":[173,190],"best":[174],"quality":[175],"transmission":[176],"economic":[178],"viability.":[179],"Wavelength":[180],"Division":[181],"Multiplexing":[182],"(WDM)":[183],"also":[185],"investigated":[186],"technique":[189],"bandwidth":[191],"multiplication":[192],"little":[194],"interference":[195],"crosstalk.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2025-08-05T00:00:00"}
