{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412959031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70436/nujah.v1i01.8","title":"Word Order in Pashto Sentences","display_name":"Word Order in Pashto Sentences","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412959031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70436/nujah.v1i01.8"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.70436/nujah.v1i01.8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70436/nujah.v1i01.8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70436/nujah.v1i01.8","pdf_url":"https://nujah.org/en/article/download/8/1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407054660","display_name":"Nangarhar University Journal of Arts and Humanities","issn_l":"3106-4981","issn":["3106-4981"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404675208","host_organization_name":"Nangarhar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404675208"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nangarhar University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nangarhar University Journal of Arts and Humanities","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://nujah.org/en/article/download/8/1","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119210481","display_name":"Ismatullah Miakhil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3424-4786","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3424-4786"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131932481","display_name":"Nangarhar University","ror":"https://ror.org/05n47cs30","country_code":"AF","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131932481"]}],"countries":["AF"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ismatullah Miakhil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pashto, Faculty of Languages and Literature, Nangarhar University, Afghanistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3424-4786","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pashto, Faculty of Languages and Literature, Nangarhar University, Afghanistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131932481"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119210482","display_name":"Enayat Rahman Mayar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7204-6724","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7204-6724"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enayat Rahman Mayar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pashto, Faculty of Languages and Literature, Wardak University, Maidan Shar, Afghanistan.\u200e"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7204-6724","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pashto, Faculty of Languages and Literature, Wardak University, Maidan Shar, Afghanistan.\u200e","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119210483","display_name":"Safiullah Silab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0864-7433","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0864-7433"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131932481","display_name":"Nangarhar University","ror":"https://ror.org/05n47cs30","country_code":"AF","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131932481"]}],"countries":["AF"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Safiullah Silab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pashto, Faculty of Languages and Literature, Nangarhar University, Jalalabad, Afghanistan.\u200e"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0864-7433","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pashto, Faculty of Languages and Literature, Nangarhar University, Jalalabad, Afghanistan.\u200e","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131932481"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"01","first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13122","display_name":"Turkic and Altaic Linguistics","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13912","display_name":"Language, Linguistics, Cultural Analysis","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pashto","display_name":"Pashto language","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-order","display_name":"word order","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax","display_name":"syntax","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noun-clauses","display_name":"noun clauses","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subject-verb-order","display_name":"subject-verb order","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absolute-constructions","display_name":"absolute constructions","score":0.4690000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase-structure","display_name":"phrase structure","score":0.5519999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70777604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q257885","display_name":"Word order","level":2,"score":0.8479102253913879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.6113035678863525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4931313693523407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.47764670848846436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4446712136268616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33857542276382446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.33568063378334045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1716172993183136}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.70436/nujah.v1i01.8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70436/nujah.v1i01.8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70436/nujah.v1i01.8","pdf_url":"https://nujah.org/en/article/download/8/1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407054660","display_name":"Nangarhar University Journal of Arts and Humanities","issn_l":"3106-4981","issn":["3106-4981"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404675208","host_organization_name":"Nangarhar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404675208"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nangarhar University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nangarhar University Journal of Arts and Humanities","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.70436/nujah.v1i01.8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70436/nujah.v1i01.8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70436/nujah.v1i01.8","pdf_url":"https://nujah.org/en/article/download/8/1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407054660","display_name":"Nangarhar University Journal of Arts and Humanities","issn_l":"3106-4981","issn":["3106-4981"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404675208","host_organization_name":"Nangarhar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404675208"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nangarhar University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nangarhar University Journal of Arts and Humanities","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412959031.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412959031.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3166080157","https://openalex.org/W4410556672","https://openalex.org/W2283176626","https://openalex.org/W7164671611","https://openalex.org/W2282886740","https://openalex.org/W3204395938","https://openalex.org/W1915230171","https://openalex.org/W3047513460","https://openalex.org/W1547447041","https://openalex.org/W4205618943"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,55,63,117],"article":[1,35,84],"attempts":[2],"to":[3,70,85],"show":[4],"the":[5,21,76,80,89,106,114,123,141,151,166,187,190,210,224,231],"order":[6,102,143,188,199,212,226],"of":[7,79,82,88,96,144,168,189,206,209,213,227,233],"words":[8,167],"in":[9,52,103,130,140,182,200,237],"Pashto":[10,71,104,134,238],"phrases":[11],"and":[12,19,60,72,75,157,171,192,197,202,216,256],"sentences.":[13],"Their":[14],"original":[15],"position":[16,205,208],"is":[17,30,47,91,105,118,177,240],"explained,":[18],"if":[20],"same":[22,225],"structure":[23],"or":[24,36,125],"word":[25,101,142],"changes":[26],"its":[27,131],"position,":[28],"it":[29,176],"also":[31,92,162,178,229],"explained.":[32],"No":[33],"specific":[34],"book":[37],"has":[38,127,136],"been":[39],"published":[40],"on":[41,49],"this":[42,50,83,97,234],"subject":[43,51,196],"yet,":[44],"although":[45,249],"there":[46],"information":[48],"scattered":[53],"writings.":[54],"research":[56,77,98],"used":[57],"a":[58,119,137,145,169,179,241],"descriptive-analytical":[59],"review":[61],"method.":[62],"essay":[64],"uses":[65],"various":[66],"written":[67],"works":[68],"related":[69],"other":[73,172,259],"languages,":[74],"work":[78],"author":[81],"obtain":[86],"examples":[87],"claims":[90],"noteworthy.":[93],"The":[94,133],"result":[95],"showed":[99],"that":[100,122,245],"most":[107],"important":[108,243],"syntactic":[109],"feature,":[110],"which":[111],"starts":[112],"with":[113],"noun":[115],"clause.":[116],"fixed":[120],"principle":[121],"speaker":[124],"writer":[126],"no":[128],"discretion":[129],"order.":[132],"language":[135,173],"special":[138],"feature":[139],"sentence.":[146],"If":[147],"we":[148],"ignore":[149],"it,":[150],"resulting":[152],"sentence":[153],"will":[154],"be":[155,163,247],"irregular":[156],"even":[158],"incorrect.":[159],"Order":[160,236],"must":[161,246],"considered":[164],"between":[165],"phrase":[170,183],"structures,":[174],"because":[175,223],"necessary":[180],"factor":[181],"structure.":[184],"In":[185],"Pashto,":[186],"main":[191],"auxiliary":[193],"verbs,":[194],"adverbs,":[195],"Predicate,":[198],"intransitive":[201],"transitive":[203],"sentences,":[204,215],"negation,":[207],"absolute,":[211],"subject-object-verb,":[214],"others":[217],"are":[218],"definitely":[219],"taken":[220],"into":[221],"account.":[222],"structures":[228],"determines":[230],"Type":[232],"language.":[235],"sentences":[239],"very":[242],"issue":[244],"considered,":[248],"sometimes":[250],"these":[251],"constituents":[252],"can":[253],"come":[254],"before":[255],"after":[257],"each":[258],"as":[260],"necessary.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}