{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412521917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-025-04230-z","title":"Disinfection with chlorhexidine is more effective than ethanol for buttonhole cannulation in arteriovenous fistula: a randomized cross-over trial","display_name":"Disinfection with chlorhexidine is more effective than ethanol for buttonhole cannulation in arteriovenous fistula: a randomized cross-over trial","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412521917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-025-04230-z","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40684086"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12882-025-04230-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-025-04230-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-025-04230-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12882-025-04230-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172421378","display_name":"BMC Nephrology","issn_l":"1471-2369","issn":["1471-2369"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Nephrology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12882-025-04230-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033948903","display_name":"Karin Staaf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1529-1237","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1529-1237"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151885","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1aye87","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151885"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767699","display_name":"Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland","ror":"https://ror.org/024emf479","country_code":null,"type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767699"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karin Staaf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden. karin.staaf@liu.se","Department of Nephrology, Link\u00f6ping University Hospital, Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden. karin.staaf@liu.se"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden. karin.staaf@liu.se","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, Link\u00f6ping University Hospital, Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden. karin.staaf@liu.se","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151885","https://openalex.org/I4391767699"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070621418","display_name":"Vendela M. Scheer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3268-1029","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3268-1029"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vendela Scheer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department for Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department for Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071533300","display_name":"Lena Serrander","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-3582","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-3582"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151885","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1aye87","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151885"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767699","display_name":"Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland","ror":"https://ror.org/024emf479","country_code":null,"type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767699"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lena Serrander","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department for Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","Department of Clinical Microbiology, Link\u00f6ping University Hospital, Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department for Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Link\u00f6ping University Hospital, Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151885","https://openalex.org/I4391767699"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006061047","display_name":"Anders Fernstr\u00f6m","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2517-829X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2517-829X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151885","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1aye87","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151885"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767699","display_name":"Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland","ror":"https://ror.org/024emf479","country_code":null,"type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767699"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anders Fernstr\u00f6m","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, Link\u00f6ping University Hospital, Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, Link\u00f6ping University Hospital, Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151885","https://openalex.org/I4391767699"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045446511","display_name":"Fredrik Uhlin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3928-4157","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3928-4157"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111112146","display_name":"Tallinn University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0443cwa12","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151885","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1aye87","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151885"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767699","display_name":"Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland","ror":"https://ror.org/024emf479","country_code":null,"type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767699"]}],"countries":["EE","SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fredrik Uhlin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia","Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","Department of Nephrology, Link\u00f6ping University Hospital, Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, Link\u00f6ping University Hospital, Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151885","https://openalex.org/I4391767699"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033948903"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673","https://openalex.org/I4210151885","https://openalex.org/I4391767699"],"apc_list":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"fwci":1.2546,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79408997,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1","first_page":"402","last_page":"402"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10641","display_name":"Central Venous Catheters and Hemodialysis","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3604","display_name":"Emergency Medical Services"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10641","display_name":"Central Venous Catheters and Hemodialysis","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3604","display_name":"Emergency Medical Services"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11000","display_name":"Infection Control in Healthcare","score":0.00839999970048666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11080","display_name":"Surgical site infection prevention","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlorhexidine","display_name":"chlorhexidine","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethanol","display_name":"ethanol","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buttonhole-cannulation","display_name":"buttonhole cannulation","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arteriovenous-fistula","display_name":"arteriovenous fistula","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemodialysis","display_name":"hemodialysis","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catheter-related-infection","display_name":"catheter-related infection","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-disinfection","display_name":"skin disinfection","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normal-skin-flora","display_name":"normal skin flora","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-regrowth","display_name":"bacterial regrowth","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemodialysis-catheter","display_name":"hemodialysis catheter","score":0.5789999961853027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9434157013893127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777084678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15646788","display_name":"Chlorhexidine","level":2,"score":0.8475631475448608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781221799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73984","display_name":"Disinfectant","level":2,"score":0.7765282392501831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.5900487899780273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776976047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1591401","display_name":"Skin flora","level":2,"score":0.4902210831642151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.4790995419025421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778063415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391744","display_name":"Hemodialysis","level":2,"score":0.46693912148475647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143432726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q520181","display_name":"Hand sanitizer","level":2,"score":0.44779396057128906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3843737840652466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.22806784510612488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.1088656485080719}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000431","descriptor_name":"Ethanol","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000431","descriptor_name":"Ethanol","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000431","descriptor_name":"Ethanol","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000431","descriptor_name":"Ethanol","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000431","descriptor_name":"Ethanol","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000431","descriptor_name":"Ethanol","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000891","descriptor_name":"Anti-Infective Agents, Local","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000891","descriptor_name":"Anti-Infective Agents, Local","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000891","descriptor_name":"Anti-Infective Agents, Local","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000891","descriptor_name":"Anti-Infective Agents, Local","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000891","descriptor_name":"Anti-Infective Agents, Local","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000891","descriptor_name":"Anti-Infective Agents, Local","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001166","descriptor_name":"Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001166","descriptor_name":"Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001166","descriptor_name":"Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001166","descriptor_name":"Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001166","descriptor_name":"Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001166","descriptor_name":"Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001166","descriptor_name":"Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001166","descriptor_name":"Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001166","descriptor_name":"Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001166","descriptor_name":"Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001166","descriptor_name":"Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001166","descriptor_name":"Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002404","descriptor_name":"Catheterization","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002404","descriptor_name":"Catheterization","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002404","descriptor_name":"Catheterization","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002404","descriptor_name":"Catheterization","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002404","descriptor_name":"Catheterization","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002404","descriptor_name":"Catheterization","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002710","descriptor_name":"Chlorhexidine","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002710","descriptor_name":"Chlorhexidine","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002710","descriptor_name":"Chlorhexidine","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002710","descriptor_name":"Chlorhexidine","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002710","descriptor_name":"Chlorhexidine","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002710","descriptor_name":"Chlorhexidine","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004202","descriptor_name":"Disinfectants","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004202","descriptor_name":"Disinfectants","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004202","descriptor_name":"Disinfectants","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004202","descriptor_name":"Disinfectants","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004202","descriptor_name":"Disinfectants","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004202","descriptor_name":"Disinfectants","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004203","descriptor_name":"Disinfection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004203","descriptor_name":"Disinfection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004203","descriptor_name":"Disinfection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004203","descriptor_name":"Disinfection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004203","descriptor_name":"Disinfection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004203","descriptor_name":"Disinfection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006435","descriptor_name":"Renal Dialysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006435","descriptor_name":"Renal Dialysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006435","descriptor_name":"Renal Dialysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006435","descriptor_name":"Renal Dialysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006435","descriptor_name":"Renal Dialysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006435","descriptor_name":"Renal Dialysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018592","descriptor_name":"Cross-Over Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018592","descriptor_name":"Cross-Over Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018592","descriptor_name":"Cross-Over Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018592","descriptor_name":"Cross-Over Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018592","descriptor_name":"Cross-Over Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018592","descriptor_name":"Cross-Over Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12882-025-04230-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-025-04230-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-025-04230-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12882-025-04230-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172421378","display_name":"BMC Nephrology","issn_l":"1471-2369","issn":["1471-2369"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Nephrology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40684086","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40684086","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC nephrology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:liu-216531","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-216531","pdf_url":"https://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1990701/FULLTEXT01","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","host_organization_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12275420","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12275420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Nephrol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ff00ea80977643a2a74f17b7232f3941","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ff00ea80977643a2a74f17b7232f3941","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Nephrology, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12882-025-04230-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-025-04230-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-025-04230-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12882-025-04230-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172421378","display_name":"BMC Nephrology","issn_l":"1471-2369","issn":["1471-2369"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Nephrology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial","display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316772","display_name":"Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland","ror":"https://ror.org/024emf479"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322225","display_name":"Link\u00f6pings Universitet","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","ror":"https://ror.org/03zttf063"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412521917.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412521917.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W31552946","https://openalex.org/W1559717740","https://openalex.org/W1928265142","https://openalex.org/W1979052242","https://openalex.org/W1981600203","https://openalex.org/W1990920968","https://openalex.org/W2001634966","https://openalex.org/W2016409578","https://openalex.org/W2022331738","https://openalex.org/W2039882177","https://openalex.org/W2060966612","https://openalex.org/W2075880143","https://openalex.org/W2076721517","https://openalex.org/W2107722988","https://openalex.org/W2111113492","https://openalex.org/W2119381350","https://openalex.org/W2123287489","https://openalex.org/W2133101294","https://openalex.org/W2141332690","https://openalex.org/W2148708600","https://openalex.org/W2169931787","https://openalex.org/W2225877349","https://openalex.org/W2267832088","https://openalex.org/W2471853121","https://openalex.org/W2597209621","https://openalex.org/W2615000986","https://openalex.org/W2734975494","https://openalex.org/W2774207536","https://openalex.org/W2795343400","https://openalex.org/W2799927634","https://openalex.org/W2947962188","https://openalex.org/W2955930369","https://openalex.org/W2964231996","https://openalex.org/W3009962313","https://openalex.org/W3012497879","https://openalex.org/W3052203794","https://openalex.org/W3119019525","https://openalex.org/W3173013998","https://openalex.org/W3179776036","https://openalex.org/W4200127068","https://openalex.org/W4294571461","https://openalex.org/W4309243973","https://openalex.org/W4387893709"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4292235070","https://openalex.org/W2986441538","https://openalex.org/W4253977525","https://openalex.org/W1974175871","https://openalex.org/W1987465908","https://openalex.org/W2408206614","https://openalex.org/W4241663671","https://openalex.org/W1987160293","https://openalex.org/W2090403915","https://openalex.org/W4389788035"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"A":[1],"patient's":[2,138],"normal":[3,96,139,225],"skin":[4,97,140,226],"flora":[5,98,227],"is":[6,21,48,56,236,246],"most":[7,32],"often":[8],"the":[9,17,23,104,122,128,133,137,221,242],"origin":[10],"of":[11,25,28,95,130,154,196],"arteriovenous":[12],"fistula":[13],"(AVF)":[14],"infections.":[15],"When":[16],"buttonhole":[18,123,222,243],"cannulation":[19,244],"technique":[20,245],"used,":[22],"risk":[24],"these":[26],"types":[27,153],"infections":[29],"increases.":[30],"The":[31,50,150,252],"effective":[33,58,238],"disinfectant":[34,105],"should":[35],"be":[36],"used":[37,247],"to":[38,46,83,136,163,199],"prevent":[39],"AVF":[40],"infections,":[41],"but":[42],"evidence":[43],"on":[44],"which":[45],"choose":[47],"lacking.":[49],"present":[51],"study":[52,253],"assessed":[53],"whether":[54],"chlorhexidine":[55,79,165,200,235],"more":[57,237],"than":[59,239],"ethanol":[60,82,85,186,240],"in":[61,80,132,167,187,259],"patients":[62],"treated":[63],"with":[64,87,189,234],"haemodialysis":[65],"via":[66],"AVF.":[67,249],"METHODS:":[68],"In":[69],"this":[70],"randomized,":[71],"cross-over,":[72],"clinical":[73],"trial,":[74],"we":[75],"compared":[76,135,157,198],"5":[77],"mg/mL":[78],"70%":[81,84],"alone":[86],"and":[88,108,110,127,152,183,211],"without":[89,201],"arm":[90,190,202],"washing":[91,191,203],"using":[92],"serial":[93],"sampling":[94],"directly":[99,172],"before":[100],"disinfection,":[101],"immediately":[102],"after":[103,113,173],"effect":[106],"time,":[107],"2":[109,182],"4":[111,184],"h":[112],"disinfection":[114,174],"during":[115,146],"four":[116,148],"different":[117],"dialysis":[118],"treatments.":[119],"Scabs":[120,219],"from":[121,220],"tracks":[124],"were":[125,144,156],"collected":[126],"type":[129],"bacteria":[131,155,197],"scabs":[134],"flora.":[141],"All":[142],"participants":[143],"sampled":[145],"all":[147],"interventions.":[149],"CFU/mL":[151],"between":[158],"intervention":[159],"groups.":[160],"RESULTS:":[161],"Compared":[162],"ethanol,":[164],"resulted":[166],"fewer":[168],"positive":[169],"haematin":[170],"plates":[171],"(1.4%":[175],"vs.":[176,205,213],"10.8%":[177],"p":[178,208,216],"=":[179,209,217,230],"0.032).":[180],"After":[181],"h,":[185],"combination":[188],"showed":[192],"an":[193],"increased":[194],"regrowth":[195],"(60":[204],"170":[206],"CFU/mL,":[207,215],"0.046":[210],"160":[212],"338":[214],"0.022).":[218],"track":[223],"contained":[224],"(Cohen's":[228],"kappa":[229],"0.97).":[231],"CONCLUSION:":[232],"Disinfection":[233],"when":[241],"for":[248],"TRIAL":[250],"REGISTRATION:":[251],"was":[254],"registered":[255],"June":[256],"12,":[257],"2023":[258],"Clinical":[260],"Trials":[261],"Information":[262],"System":[263],"(CTIS)":[264],"identification":[265],"number:":[266],"2023-505935-11-00.":[267]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
