{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412379986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2025.1612980","title":"Ethnic residential patterns in the inner-city core of Riga, Latvia using scalable individualized neighborhoods","display_name":"Ethnic residential patterns in the inner-city core of Riga, Latvia using scalable individualized neighborhoods","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412379986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2025.1612980"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frsc.2025.1612980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2025.1612980","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2025.1612980","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-cities/articles/10.3389/frsc.2025.1612980/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235149","display_name":"Frontiers in Sustainable Cities","issn_l":"2624-9634","issn":["2624-9634"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Sustainable Cities","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-cities/articles/10.3389/frsc.2025.1612980/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070044901","display_name":"Sindija Balode","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6968-512X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6968-512X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91123046","display_name":"University of Latvia","ror":"https://ror.org/05g3mes96","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91123046"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sindija Balode","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91123046"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018788275","display_name":"M\u0101ris B\u0113rzi\u0146\u0161","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5773-3307","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5773-3307"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91123046","display_name":"University of Latvia","ror":"https://ror.org/05g3mes96","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91123046"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M\u0101ris B\u0113rzi\u0146\u0161","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91123046"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070044901"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91123046"],"apc_list":{"value":1175,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1418},"apc_paid":{"value":1175,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1418},"fwci":1.8055,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86375533,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11645","display_name":"Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11645","display_name":"Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10216","display_name":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12273","display_name":"Latin American Urban Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-residential-segregation","display_name":"ethnic residential segregation","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiscale-analysis","display_name":"multiscale analysis","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-agglomeration","display_name":"spatial agglomeration","score":0.3630000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residential-isolation","display_name":"residential isolation","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-disparities","display_name":"regional disparities","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-european-immigrants","display_name":"non-European immigrants","score":0.7429999709129333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.7604609727859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.5574392676353455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5143886208534241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993877802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1739536","display_name":"Inner city","level":2,"score":0.47636815905570984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.3474408984184265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.22017720341682434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.16207918524742126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.09032812714576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07274627685546875}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/frsc.2025.1612980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2025.1612980","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2025.1612980","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-cities/articles/10.3389/frsc.2025.1612980/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235149","display_name":"Frontiers in Sustainable Cities","issn_l":"2624-9634","issn":["2624-9634"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Sustainable Cities","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4133c98ccdc94122846eb051e814fd35","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4133c98ccdc94122846eb051e814fd35","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, Vol 7 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frsc.2025.1612980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2025.1612980","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2025.1612980","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-cities/articles/10.3389/frsc.2025.1612980/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235149","display_name":"Frontiers in Sustainable Cities","issn_l":"2624-9634","issn":["2624-9634"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Sustainable Cities","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.9629999995231628}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4165884801","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"5.2.1.1.i.0/2/24/I/CFLA/007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323297","funder_display_name":"Latvijas Universitate"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323297","display_name":"Latvijas Universitate","ror":"https://ror.org/05g3mes96"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412379986.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412379986.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1214275743","https://openalex.org/W1708067123","https://openalex.org/W1870373251","https://openalex.org/W1885618875","https://openalex.org/W1920676266","https://openalex.org/W1998190718","https://openalex.org/W2009002869","https://openalex.org/W2022172007","https://openalex.org/W2027296194","https://openalex.org/W2036282444","https://openalex.org/W2063100398","https://openalex.org/W2067332218","https://openalex.org/W2083147758","https://openalex.org/W2097078706","https://openalex.org/W2107345674","https://openalex.org/W2124796752","https://openalex.org/W2131129465","https://openalex.org/W2168172529","https://openalex.org/W2176966076","https://openalex.org/W2179309877","https://openalex.org/W2284113144","https://openalex.org/W2319203421","https://openalex.org/W2319289790","https://openalex.org/W2334480662","https://openalex.org/W2744572999","https://openalex.org/W2754314223","https://openalex.org/W2785353694","https://openalex.org/W2789801188","https://openalex.org/W2790419110","https://openalex.org/W2792185709","https://openalex.org/W2792519342","https://openalex.org/W2802636964","https://openalex.org/W2808133605","https://openalex.org/W2893463124","https://openalex.org/W2910080397","https://openalex.org/W2922340600","https://openalex.org/W2928524501","https://openalex.org/W2958918988","https://openalex.org/W2960515162","https://openalex.org/W2960544341","https://openalex.org/W2966356114","https://openalex.org/W2970372668","https://openalex.org/W2994674114","https://openalex.org/W3013393956","https://openalex.org/W3013829909","https://openalex.org/W3045684953","https://openalex.org/W3047349499","https://openalex.org/W3151950579","https://openalex.org/W3154066606","https://openalex.org/W3194211137","https://openalex.org/W3197593351","https://openalex.org/W3216668242","https://openalex.org/W4232967948","https://openalex.org/W4281855511","https://openalex.org/W4298484206","https://openalex.org/W4382814482","https://openalex.org/W4385726408","https://openalex.org/W4388724896","https://openalex.org/W4407589345","https://openalex.org/W4412474384","https://openalex.org/W6704897139","https://openalex.org/W6790865724"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4290622706","https://openalex.org/W2381483116","https://openalex.org/W2348506863","https://openalex.org/W2371917728","https://openalex.org/W2007982614","https://openalex.org/W2389579140","https://openalex.org/W2113257626","https://openalex.org/W2512568326","https://openalex.org/W2808021644"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urban":[0],"residential":[1,47,60,90,135],"segregation":[2,64],"of":[3,33,40,65,112,129,147,156],"immigrant":[4,149],"populations":[5],"is":[6,49],"a":[7,14,74,110],"key":[8,50],"research":[9,138],"area.":[10],"Riga,":[11],"Latvia,":[12],"offers":[13],"unique":[15],"context":[16],"due":[17],"to":[18,51],"its":[19],"Soviet-era":[20],"migration":[21],"legacy":[22],"and":[23,63,92,105,154],"increasing":[24],"diversity":[25],"from":[26],"new":[27,113,148],"immigration":[28],"flows":[29],"amidst":[30],"demographic":[31],"decline":[32],"established":[34],"minorities.":[35],"Analyzing":[36,78],"the":[37,59,117,143,152,166],"spatial":[38,54,97,145,157],"patterns":[39,104],"emerging":[41,66],"ethnic":[42,67,114,131],"groups,":[43],"who":[44],"often":[45],"exhibit":[46],"clustering,":[48],"understanding":[52,153],"potential":[53],"inequalities.":[55],"This":[56,137],"study":[57],"investigated":[58],"concentration,":[61],"isolation,":[62],"groups":[68,115,164],"in":[69,116],"Riga's":[70],"inner-city":[71,119],"core":[72],"using":[73],"multi-scalar":[75,103],"geographic":[76],"approach.":[77],"anonymized":[79],"individual-level":[80],"2021":[81],"census":[82],"data":[83],"processed":[84],"with":[85],"EquiPop,":[86],"we":[87],"found":[88],"that":[89],"distribution":[91],"concentration":[93,111],"varies":[94],"significantly":[95],"by":[96,162],"scale.":[98],"Individualized":[99],"neighborhoods":[100],"effectively":[101],"revealed":[102],"intra-neighborhood":[106],"heterogeneity.":[107],"Results":[108],"identified":[109],"southern":[118],"core,":[120],"functioning":[121],"as":[122],"an":[123,127],"\u201carrival":[124],"space\u201d,":[125],"alongside":[126],"influence":[128],"existing":[130],"infrastructure":[132],"on":[133],"shaping":[134],"patterns.":[136],"provides":[139],"crucial":[140],"insights":[141],"into":[142],"fine-scale":[144],"organization":[146],"communities,":[150],"informing":[151],"addressing":[155],"inequalities,":[158],"particularly":[159],"those":[160],"faced":[161],"non-European":[163],"within":[165],"complex":[167],"European":[168],"context.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
