{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412372392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202500227","title":"Hybrid Forming of Dual\u2010Phase Steel: Exploring the Synergistic Effects of Stress Relaxation and Electroplasticity on Ductility","display_name":"Hybrid Forming of Dual\u2010Phase Steel: Exploring the Synergistic Effects of Stress Relaxation and Electroplasticity on Ductility","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412372392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202500227"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/srin.202500227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202500227","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202500227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34395325","display_name":"steel research international","issn_l":"1611-3683","issn":["1611-3683","1869-344X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"steel research international","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046178133","display_name":"Kali Prasad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3916-6994","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3916-6994"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113248","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad","ror":"https://ror.org/0264cg909","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113248"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kali Prasad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad  Kanjikode Kerala 678623 India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3916-6994","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad  Kanjikode Kerala 678623 India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113248"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033460064","display_name":"Jai Tiwari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3141-0091","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3141-0091"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24676775","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras","ror":"https://ror.org/03v0r5n49","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}],"countries":["IN","KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jai Tiwari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced Materials Seoul National University  Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea","Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras  Chennai Tamil Nadu 600036 India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced Materials Seoul National University  Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras  Chennai Tamil Nadu 600036 India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014652692","display_name":"Krishnaswamy Hariharan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7976-952X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7976-952X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24676775","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras","ror":"https://ror.org/03v0r5n49","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hariharan Krishnaswamy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras  Chennai Tamil Nadu 600036 India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras  Chennai Tamil Nadu 600036 India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010661206","display_name":"Murugaiyan Amirthalingam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9976-8922","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9976-8922"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24676775","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras","ror":"https://ror.org/03v0r5n49","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murugaiyan Amirthalingam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras  Chennai Tamil Nadu 600036 India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras  Chennai Tamil Nadu 600036 India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046178133"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113248"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6027,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60604189,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"96","issue":"12","first_page":"314","last_page":"325"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10700","display_name":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","score":0.7314000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10700","display_name":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","score":0.7314000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13440","display_name":"Electromagnetic Effects on Materials","score":0.21690000593662262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10386","display_name":"Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels","score":0.025499999523162842,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual-phase-steel","display_name":"dual-phase steel","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dp600-steel","display_name":"DP600 steel","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advanced-high-strength-steel","display_name":"advanced high strength steel","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress-relaxation","display_name":"stress relaxation","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroplasticity","display_name":"electroplasticity","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-forming","display_name":"hybrid forming","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ductility","display_name":"ductility","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formability","display_name":"formability","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-steel","display_name":"automotive steel","score":0.6439999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8177405595779419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776512210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5311608","display_name":"Ductility (Earth science)","level":3,"score":0.7832242250442505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.6201200485229492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.5623283386230469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5493370294570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779344738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1262666","display_name":"Dual-phase steel","level":4,"score":0.5474600791931152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.5082804560661316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202974441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2576844","display_name":"Stress relaxation","level":3,"score":0.5011370182037354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.47305598855018616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.3684784770011902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.2055867314338684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149912024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q462188","display_name":"Creep","level":2,"score":0.08957844972610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18747287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q488950","display_name":"Martensite","level":3,"score":0.08496862649917603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.07804778218269348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.05762612819671631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/srin.202500227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202500227","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202500227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34395325","display_name":"steel research international","issn_l":"1611-3683","issn":["1611-3683","1869-344X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"steel research international","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6696823933","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CRG/2019/0D3539","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","funder_display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","ror":"https://ror.org/03ffdsr55"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W259359556","https://openalex.org/W1512270070","https://openalex.org/W1963695899","https://openalex.org/W1968600475","https://openalex.org/W1977809831","https://openalex.org/W1978618340","https://openalex.org/W1984483816","https://openalex.org/W1989081123","https://openalex.org/W1992068622","https://openalex.org/W2005653160","https://openalex.org/W2008608235","https://openalex.org/W2012431522","https://openalex.org/W2017122072","https://openalex.org/W2049929916","https://openalex.org/W2055550000","https://openalex.org/W2058749440","https://openalex.org/W2191131460","https://openalex.org/W2218037653","https://openalex.org/W2335594510","https://openalex.org/W2775345902","https://openalex.org/W2777720634","https://openalex.org/W2806335160","https://openalex.org/W2921622735","https://openalex.org/W3007166699","https://openalex.org/W3091463874","https://openalex.org/W3097826108","https://openalex.org/W3119543464","https://openalex.org/W3153306627","https://openalex.org/W4211159968","https://openalex.org/W4213430304","https://openalex.org/W4221008336","https://openalex.org/W4285247134","https://openalex.org/W4297003066","https://openalex.org/W4307892482","https://openalex.org/W4312052145","https://openalex.org/W4313561391","https://openalex.org/W4313576841","https://openalex.org/W4313646420","https://openalex.org/W4317655968","https://openalex.org/W4386056692","https://openalex.org/W4387368696","https://openalex.org/W4390414741","https://openalex.org/W4401430227","https://openalex.org/W4405982368"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2520996687","https://openalex.org/W1984964210","https://openalex.org/W2079385984","https://openalex.org/W2890038443","https://openalex.org/W2625839965","https://openalex.org/W2054813700","https://openalex.org/W2380116562","https://openalex.org/W1970719726","https://openalex.org/W1611697138","https://openalex.org/W2754754981"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Advanced":[0],"high\u2010strength":[1],"steels":[2,144],"(AHSS)":[3],"find":[4],"wide":[5],"usage":[6],"in":[7,29,63],"automotive":[8],"applications":[9],"due":[10],"to":[11,14,32,82,100,109],"their":[12,60],"ability":[13],"enhance":[15],"passenger":[16],"safety":[17],"with":[18,145],"improved":[19,146],"fuel":[20],"efficiency.":[21],"Several":[22],"non\u2010conventional":[23],"forming":[24,140],"techniques":[25],"have":[26],"been":[27],"proposed":[28],"the":[30,41,49,70,80,87,106,118,125],"past":[31],"overcome":[33],"formability":[34],"challenges":[35],"of":[36,44,51,73,112,124],"AHSS.":[37],"This":[38],"study":[39,127],"explores":[40],"mechanical":[42],"response":[43],"DP600":[45],"steel,":[46],"focusing":[47],"on":[48],"influence":[50],"stress":[52,97],"relaxation":[53,98],"(SR),":[54],"electrically":[55],"assisted":[56],"deformation":[57],"(EAD),":[58],"and":[59,77,103,114,135],"combined":[61,71],"effects":[62],"enhancing":[64],"ductility.":[65],"It":[66],"is":[67,94],"shown":[68,95],"that":[69],"process":[72],"applying":[74],"both":[75],"SR":[76,113,134],"EAD":[78,115,136],"has":[79],"potential":[81],"achieve":[83],"higher":[84],"ductility":[85,107],"than":[86],"individual":[88],"effect.":[89],"Under":[90],"given":[91],"conditions,":[92],"it":[93],"that,":[96],"contributes":[99],"10.02%":[101],"improvement":[102,119],"electroplasticity":[104],"enhances":[105],"by":[108,120],"12.69%.":[110],"Hybridization":[111],"serially":[116],"maximized":[117],"18%.":[121],"The":[122],"findings":[123],"present":[126],"provide":[128],"fundamental":[129],"insights":[130],"for":[131,137,142],"synergistically":[132],"combining":[133],"developing":[138],"hybrid":[139],"processes":[141],"dual\u2010phase":[143],"formability.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}