{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412201544","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ma00572h","title":"Dyes and their toxicity: removal from wastewater using carbon dots/metal oxides as hybrid materials: a review","display_name":"Dyes and their toxicity: removal from wastewater using carbon dots/metal oxides as hybrid materials: a review","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412201544","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ma00572h"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1039/d5ma00572h","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ma00572h","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ma00572h","pdf_url":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00572h","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210182508","display_name":"Materials Advances","issn_l":"2633-5409","issn":["2633-5409"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320556","host_organization_name":"Royal Society of Chemistry","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320556"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society of Chemistry"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials Advances","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00572h","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049988685","display_name":"Kawan F. Kayani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1159-2147","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1159-2147"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64952554","display_name":"University of Sulaimani","ror":"https://ror.org/00saanr69","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64952554"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kawan F. Kayani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1159-2147","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64952554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046115397","display_name":"Sewara Jalal Mohammed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3257-6242","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3257-6242"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388482718","display_name":"Cihan University Sulaimaniya","ror":"https://ror.org/00v4yjm67","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4388482718"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64952554","display_name":"University of Sulaimani","ror":"https://ror.org/00saanr69","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64952554"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sewara J. Mohammed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University Sulaimaniya, Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan, Iraq","Turning Trash to Treasure Laboratory (TTTL), Research and Development Center, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government, Qlyasan Street, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3257-6242","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University Sulaimaniya, Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388482718"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Turning Trash to Treasure Laboratory (TTTL), Research and Development Center, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government, Qlyasan Street, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64952554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Muhammad S. Mustafa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64952554","display_name":"University of Sulaimani","ror":"https://ror.org/00saanr69","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64952554"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad S. Mustafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64952554"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034710991","display_name":"Shujahadeen Bakr Aziz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4916-5394","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4916-5394","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3671-6604"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64952554","display_name":"University of Sulaimani","ror":"https://ror.org/00saanr69","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64952554"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shujahadeen B. Aziz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Turning Trash to Treasure Laboratory (TTTL), Research and Development Center, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government, Qlyasan Street, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4916-5394","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Turning Trash to Treasure Laboratory (TTTL), Research and Development Center, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government, Qlyasan Street, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64952554"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049988685"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64952554"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1962},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1962},"fwci":5.1434,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":92,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97603196,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"16","first_page":"5391","last_page":"5409"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10016","display_name":"Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal","score":0.9169999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10016","display_name":"Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal","score":0.9169999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12078","display_name":"Environmental remediation with nanomaterials","score":0.03220000118017197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11342","display_name":"Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications","score":0.0215000007301569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dye-removal","display_name":"dye removal","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dye-toxicity","display_name":"dye toxicity","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wastewater-treatment","display_name":"wastewater treatment","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-dots","display_name":"carbon dots","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metal-oxides","display_name":"metal oxides","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adsorption","display_name":"adsorption","score":0.5170000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.5121940970420837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544153396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11426","display_name":"Metal","level":2,"score":0.5105970501899719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94061648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336191","display_name":"Wastewater","level":2,"score":0.4869576394557953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4313633441925049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.36949992179870605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.36749815940856934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3511122465133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3307208716869354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.2654231786727905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1362627148628235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.12183308601379395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1039/d5ma00572h","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ma00572h","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ma00572h","pdf_url":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00572h","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210182508","display_name":"Materials Advances","issn_l":"2633-5409","issn":["2633-5409"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320556","host_organization_name":"Royal Society of Chemistry","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320556"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society of Chemistry"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials Advances","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1039/d5ma00572h","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ma00572h","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ma00572h","pdf_url":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ma/d5ma00572h","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210182508","display_name":"Materials Advances","issn_l":"2633-5409","issn":["2633-5409"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320556","host_organization_name":"Royal Society of Chemistry","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320556"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society of Chemistry"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials Advances","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"},{"score":0.6618000268936157,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324578","display_name":"University of Sulaimani","ror":"https://ror.org/00saanr69"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412201544.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412201544.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":196,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W567388532","https://openalex.org/W816171615","https://openalex.org/W1129348402","https://openalex.org/W1976136033","https://openalex.org/W1978761857","https://openalex.org/W1981110251","https://openalex.org/W1981574884","https://openalex.org/W1983748910","https://openalex.org/W1992464644","https://openalex.org/W2002269172","https://openalex.org/W2004947572","https://openalex.org/W2013558881","https://openalex.org/W2019133724","https://openalex.org/W2019247280","https://openalex.org/W2025271579","https://openalex.org/W2027624111","https://openalex.org/W2029024482","https://openalex.org/W2031728439","https://openalex.org/W2031970651","https://openalex.org/W2032407751","https://openalex.org/W2032785536","https://openalex.org/W2044171367","https://openalex.org/W2052311680","https://openalex.org/W2052544945","https://openalex.org/W2063084254","https://openalex.org/W2064057931","https://openalex.org/W2073261453","https://openalex.org/W2078913201","https://openalex.org/W2081008742","https://openalex.org/W2082027436","https://openalex.org/W2083723653","https://openalex.org/W2092813347","https://openalex.org/W2118593436","https://openalex.org/W2123623035","https://openalex.org/W2157068203","https://openalex.org/W2164694488","https://openalex.org/W2206668357","https://openalex.org/W2254683265","https://openalex.org/W2256919945","https://openalex.org/W2292172235","https://openalex.org/W2318249313","https://openalex.org/W2333644974","https://openalex.org/W2338151920","https://openalex.org/W2339997047","https://openalex.org/W2345233629","https://openalex.org/W2398786288","https://openalex.org/W2422895798","https://openalex.org/W2512205894","https://openalex.org/W2512798740","https://openalex.org/W2514686189","https://openalex.org/W2518668171","https://openalex.org/W2551059462","https://openalex.org/W2564900771","https://openalex.org/W2584875206","https://openalex.org/W2588503962","https://openalex.org/W2594604687","https://openalex.org/W2597023126","https://openalex.org/W2602172528","https://openalex.org/W2608187196","https://openalex.org/W2617083955","https://openalex.org/W2754482985","https://openalex.org/W2762256210","https://openalex.org/W2767382108","https://openalex.org/W2768039605","https://openalex.org/W2768513765","https://openalex.org/W2770818876","https://openalex.org/W2789851261","https://openalex.org/W2790973125","https://openalex.org/W2791511681","https://openalex.org/W2794196747","https://openalex.org/W2795975439","https://openalex.org/W2801372934","https://openalex.org/W2809880805","https://openalex.org/W2811089378","https://openalex.org/W2887881142","https://openalex.org/W2891467279","https://openalex.org/W2895418675","https://openalex.org/W2897012733","https://openalex.org/W2898345770","https://openalex.org/W2898761308","https://openalex.org/W2903698072","https://openalex.org/W2904027746","https://openalex.org/W2908636662","https://openalex.org/W2911687077","https://openalex.org/W2921601508","https://openalex.org/W2934893169","https://openalex.org/W2936432777","https://openalex.org/W2938547138","https://openalex.org/W2947163545","https://openalex.org/W2951395287","https://openalex.org/W2951438470","https://openalex.org/W2954643863","https://openalex.org/W2955135089","https://openalex.org/W2965954393","https://openalex.org/W2979420405","https://openalex.org/W2981211410","https://openalex.org/W2982489398","https://openalex.org/W2993981707","https://openalex.org/W3001077005","https://openalex.org/W3004673318","https://openalex.org/W3015908220","https://openalex.org/W3016282424","https://openalex.org/W3027136882","https://openalex.org/W3027500332","https://openalex.org/W3027695877","https://openalex.org/W3034365354","https://openalex.org/W3036524030","https://openalex.org/W3043806791","https://openalex.org/W3049605620","https://openalex.org/W3075362289","https://openalex.org/W3081669093","https://openalex.org/W3087223091","https://openalex.org/W3089134268","https://openalex.org/W3095190683","https://openalex.org/W3103763890","https://openalex.org/W3107504045","https://openalex.org/W3107525394","https://openalex.org/W3108178631","https://openalex.org/W3120130652","https://openalex.org/W3131242507","https://openalex.org/W3141370274","https://openalex.org/W3143634752","https://openalex.org/W3158173456","https://openalex.org/W3162810297","https://openalex.org/W3167347189","https://openalex.org/W3172785001","https://openalex.org/W3193333993","https://openalex.org/W3195056214","https://openalex.org/W3197186555","https://openalex.org/W3201183366","https://openalex.org/W3202469736","https://openalex.org/W3206321029","https://openalex.org/W3208964856","https://openalex.org/W3209834336","https://openalex.org/W4200013887","https://openalex.org/W4200141060","https://openalex.org/W4200469512","https://openalex.org/W4210327135","https://openalex.org/W4210456619","https://openalex.org/W4220725007","https://openalex.org/W4223446831","https://openalex.org/W4248913198","https://openalex.org/W4250467776","https://openalex.org/W4280605788","https://openalex.org/W4282048660","https://openalex.org/W4284898346","https://openalex.org/W4285269794","https://openalex.org/W4290078965","https://openalex.org/W4306697592","https://openalex.org/W4310235108","https://openalex.org/W4310589005","https://openalex.org/W4311457561","https://openalex.org/W4322722917","https://openalex.org/W4323353013","https://openalex.org/W4362696255","https://openalex.org/W4366200865","https://openalex.org/W4376279372","https://openalex.org/W4378382629","https://openalex.org/W4381949872","https://openalex.org/W4382360898","https://openalex.org/W4382883007","https://openalex.org/W4387373574","https://openalex.org/W4388690805","https://openalex.org/W4389043961","https://openalex.org/W4389431095","https://openalex.org/W4390415083","https://openalex.org/W4391350546","https://openalex.org/W4391447475","https://openalex.org/W4391482220","https://openalex.org/W4391660465","https://openalex.org/W4392126446","https://openalex.org/W4393198162","https://openalex.org/W4393244215","https://openalex.org/W4394847967","https://openalex.org/W4396898374","https://openalex.org/W4400481403","https://openalex.org/W4400640268","https://openalex.org/W4400697541","https://openalex.org/W4401438016","https://openalex.org/W4402291690","https://openalex.org/W4403231829","https://openalex.org/W4403277474","https://openalex.org/W4403998190","https://openalex.org/W4404006747","https://openalex.org/W4404394943","https://openalex.org/W4404639872","https://openalex.org/W4405095213","https://openalex.org/W4405798399","https://openalex.org/W4407989195","https://openalex.org/W4408240513","https://openalex.org/W4408532856","https://openalex.org/W4409893742","https://openalex.org/W4409903467","https://openalex.org/W4410779253","https://openalex.org/W4411302087","https://openalex.org/W4411430844"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4295018422","https://openalex.org/W4376279372","https://openalex.org/W4386880549","https://openalex.org/W4296360894","https://openalex.org/W4405040951","https://openalex.org/W4327545685","https://openalex.org/W6964053598","https://openalex.org/W7118440539","https://openalex.org/W7119763137","https://openalex.org/W4390409937"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"review":[1],"highlights":[2],"dyes":[3],"and":[4],"their":[5,9],"toxicity,":[6],"focusing":[7],"on":[8],"removal":[10],"from":[11],"wastewater":[12],"using":[13],"carbon":[14],"dot/metal":[15],"oxide":[16],"hybrid":[17],"materials":[18],"for":[19],"environmental":[20],"applications.":[21]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":76},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}