{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412141018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.30821/jcims.v9i1.25388","title":"EARLY CHARACTER OF ISLAM IN MEDAN: Challenging the Narrative of Religious Intolerance in an Indonesian City","display_name":"EARLY CHARACTER OF ISLAM IN MEDAN: Challenging the Narrative of Religious Intolerance in an Indonesian City","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412141018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.30821/jcims.v9i1.25388"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.30821/jcims.v9i1.25388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.30821/jcims.v9i1.25388","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.30821/jcims.v9i1.25388","pdf_url":"https://jurnal.uinsu.ac.id/index.php/JCIMS/article/download/25388/10459","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177962","display_name":"Journal of Contemporary Islam and Muslim Societies","issn_l":"2528-6110","issn":["2528-6110","2528-7435"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315085","host_organization_name":"State Islamic University of North Sumatra","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315085"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["State Islamic University of North Sumatra"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Contemporary Islam and Muslim Societies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4412141018"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://jurnal.uinsu.ac.id/index.php/JCIMS/article/download/25388/10459","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030175815","display_name":"Azhari Akmal Tarigan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9731-051X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9731-051X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137904","display_name":"Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara","ror":"https://ror.org/03z1wm043","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137904"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azhari Akmal Tarigan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137904"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031182068","display_name":"Hasan Matsum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9549-5314","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9549-5314"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137904","display_name":"Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara","ror":"https://ror.org/03z1wm043","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137904"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hasan Matsum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137904"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027751030","display_name":"Muhammad Syukri Albani Nasution","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8504-5800","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8504-5800","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9626-3224"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137904","display_name":"Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara","ror":"https://ror.org/03z1wm043","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137904"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Syukri Albani Nasution","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137904"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069141045","display_name":"Jufri Naldo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3292-9297","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3292-9297"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137904","display_name":"Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara","ror":"https://ror.org/03z1wm043","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137904"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jufri Naldo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137904"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090948528","display_name":"Syahrial Arif Hutagalung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9796-9893","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9796-9893"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258243","display_name":"Politeknik Negeri Medan","ror":"https://ror.org/00bexrv72","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258243"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syahrial Arif Hutagalung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politeknik Negeri Medan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politeknik Negeri Medan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258243"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8975,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83172393,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"85","last_page":"85"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14110","display_name":"Islamic Studies and Radicalism","score":0.57669997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14110","display_name":"Islamic Studies and Radicalism","score":0.57669997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14022","display_name":"Cultural and Religious Practices in Indonesia","score":0.4077000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13815","display_name":"Islamic Thought and Society Studies","score":0.008700000122189522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-intolerance","display_name":"religious intolerance","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-tolerance","display_name":"religious tolerance","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sufism","display_name":"Sufism","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-pluralism","display_name":"religious pluralism","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interfaith-relations","display_name":"interfaith relations","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/islamic-moderation","display_name":"moderate Islam","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-manipulation-of-religion","display_name":"political manipulation of religion","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medan","display_name":"Medan","score":0.4440000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779207338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9240","display_name":"Indonesian","level":2,"score":0.8886921405792236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4445939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432","display_name":"Islam","level":2,"score":0.8044602274894714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7471182346343994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.7213984727859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24667770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34187","display_name":"Religious studies","level":1,"score":0.5325034856796265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.4221170246601105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.41042855381965637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.34427833557128906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.32389509677886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.2265763282775879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.19816994667053223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07378685474395752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.05910256505012512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.30821/jcims.v9i1.25388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.30821/jcims.v9i1.25388","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.30821/jcims.v9i1.25388","pdf_url":"https://jurnal.uinsu.ac.id/index.php/JCIMS/article/download/25388/10459","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177962","display_name":"Journal of Contemporary Islam and Muslim Societies","issn_l":"2528-6110","issn":["2528-6110","2528-7435"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315085","host_organization_name":"State Islamic University of North Sumatra","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315085"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["State Islamic University of North Sumatra"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Contemporary Islam and Muslim Societies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:44845e94b8754cfaa9d82d025f43f468","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/44845e94b8754cfaa9d82d025f43f468","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Contemporary Islam and Muslim Societies, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 85-109 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.30821/jcims.v9i1.25388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.30821/jcims.v9i1.25388","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.30821/jcims.v9i1.25388","pdf_url":"https://jurnal.uinsu.ac.id/index.php/JCIMS/article/download/25388/10459","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177962","display_name":"Journal of Contemporary Islam and Muslim Societies","issn_l":"2528-6110","issn":["2528-6110","2528-7435"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315085","host_organization_name":"State Islamic University of North Sumatra","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315085"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["State Islamic University of North Sumatra"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Contemporary Islam and Muslim Societies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5473999977111816,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412141018.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412141018.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996021518","https://openalex.org/W2524871129","https://openalex.org/W2755488554","https://openalex.org/W2954279818","https://openalex.org/W2997259836","https://openalex.org/W2998246919","https://openalex.org/W2998495479","https://openalex.org/W2999902986","https://openalex.org/W3009104245","https://openalex.org/W3027697285","https://openalex.org/W3034266892","https://openalex.org/W3118932744","https://openalex.org/W3169178983","https://openalex.org/W3190127012","https://openalex.org/W4200148496","https://openalex.org/W4225616576","https://openalex.org/W4283029366","https://openalex.org/W4312319574","https://openalex.org/W4313217160","https://openalex.org/W4313231539","https://openalex.org/W4318821946","https://openalex.org/W4372357563","https://openalex.org/W4383266459","https://openalex.org/W4401961112"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4396776845","https://openalex.org/W7217475451","https://openalex.org/W7161563738","https://openalex.org/W4415774331","https://openalex.org/W4411891010","https://openalex.org/W7218185747","https://openalex.org/W7215964378","https://openalex.org/W6911951173","https://openalex.org/W4401316319","https://openalex.org/W4410907322"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract:":[0],"This":[1],"study":[2],"explores":[3],"the":[4,14,51,77,94],"early":[5],"development":[6],"of":[7,93,102],"Islam":[8,20,116],"in":[9,57],"Medan,":[10],"challenging":[11],"claims":[12],"that":[13,29,84],"city":[15,95],"fosters":[16],"religious":[17,44,64],"intolerance.":[18],"Historically,":[19],"was":[21],"introduced":[22],"through":[23],"peaceful,":[24],"Sufistic,":[25],"and":[26,32,45,48,60,91,104],"adaptive":[27],"means":[28],"encouraged":[30],"coexistence":[31],"cultural":[33],"integration.":[34],"Using":[35],"a":[36],"qualitative,":[37],"sociological":[38],"approach":[39],"supported":[40],"by":[41,70],"interviews":[42],"with":[43],"community":[46],"leaders":[47],"relevant":[49],"literature,":[50],"research":[52],"highlights":[53],"Islam\u2019s":[54],"foundational":[55],"values":[56],"Medan\u2014moderation,":[58],"tolerance,":[59],"inclusivity.":[61],"Although":[62],"contemporary":[63],"tensions":[65],"occasionally":[66],"arise,":[67],"often":[68],"driven":[69],"political":[71],"interests,":[72],"they":[73],"do":[74],"not":[75],"represent":[76],"city\u2019s":[78],"Islamic":[79],"roots.":[80],"The":[81],"findings":[82],"affirm":[83],"Medan\u2019s":[85],"interfaith":[86],"relations":[87],"remain":[88],"largely":[89],"harmonious,":[90],"portrayals":[92],"as":[96],"intolerant":[97],"misrepresent":[98],"its":[99],"long-standing":[100],"tradition":[101],"pluralism":[103],"social":[105],"harmony.":[106],"Keywords:":[107],"Early":[108],"Islam,":[109],"Religious":[110,113],"Tolerance,":[111],"Sufism,":[112],"Pluralism,":[114],"Indonesian":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
