{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412136338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.114584","title":"Strength training and chromium picolinate supplementation do not reduce adiposity or improve muscle morphology in obese rats","display_name":"Strength training and chromium picolinate supplementation do not reduce adiposity or improve muscle morphology in obese rats","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412136338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.114584"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.47197/retos.v70.114584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.114584","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.114584","pdf_url":"https://www.revistaretos.org/index.php/retos/article/download/114584/83920","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738013834","display_name":"Retos","issn_l":"1579-1726","issn":["1579-1726","1988-2041"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321671","host_organization_name":"FEADEF","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321671"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["FEADEF"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Retos","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.revistaretos.org/index.php/retos/article/download/114584/83920","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023718371","display_name":"Daniel Sesana da Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1901-8951","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1901-8951"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Da Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1901-8951","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023708141","display_name":"Lucas Furtado Domingos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5033-8104","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5033-8104"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucas Domingos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028311157","display_name":"Amanda Rangel Madureira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6041-2435","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6041-2435"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amanda Madureira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080275610","display_name":"Suellem Torezani Sales","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4510-1537","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4510-1537"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suellem Torezani-Salles","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4510-1537","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053262103","display_name":"Danilo Sales Bocalini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3993-8277","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3993-8277"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danilo Bocalini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026961589","display_name":"Breno Valentim Nogueira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2199-0635","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2199-0635"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Breno Nogueira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107995385","display_name":"Ana Paula Lima\u2010Leopoldo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4049-4418","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4049-4418"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Paula Lima-Leopoldo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4049-4418","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038000742","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Soares Leopoldo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5999-2671","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5999-2671","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3131-2467"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andr\u00e9 Leopoldo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5999-2671","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"],"apc_list":{"value":200,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":215},"apc_paid":{"value":200,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":215},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":null,"first_page":"671","last_page":"687"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11585","display_name":"Exercise and Physiological Responses","score":0.3280999958515167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11585","display_name":"Exercise and Physiological Responses","score":0.3280999958515167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11399","display_name":"Muscle metabolism and nutrition","score":0.22619999945163727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10397","display_name":"Nutrition and Health in Aging","score":0.10970000177621841,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistance-training","display_name":"resistance training","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromium-picolinate","display_name":"chromium picolinate","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obesity","display_name":"obesity","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adiposity","display_name":"adiposity","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skeletal-muscle-morphology","display_name":"skeletal muscle morphology","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-resistance","display_name":"insulin resistance","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucose-tolerance","display_name":"glucose tolerance","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-profile","display_name":"lipid profile","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hdl-cholesterol","display_name":"HDL cholesterol","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-mass","display_name":"muscle mass","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-supplementation","display_name":"dietary supplementation","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rats","display_name":"rats","score":0.3109999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.5630809664726257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511782168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725","display_name":"Chromium","level":2,"score":0.5393481254577637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5098870992660522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988918651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048687","display_name":"Muscle strength","level":2,"score":0.4985682964324951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123550912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12834857","display_name":"Strength training","level":2,"score":0.4980285167694092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C499950583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183252","display_name":"Morphology (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4299783706665039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3936067223548889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.3096622824668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.23428738117218018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2258872091770172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.050371408462524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.47197/retos.v70.114584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.114584","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.114584","pdf_url":"https://www.revistaretos.org/index.php/retos/article/download/114584/83920","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738013834","display_name":"Retos","issn_l":"1579-1726","issn":["1579-1726","1988-2041"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321671","host_organization_name":"FEADEF","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321671"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["FEADEF"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Retos","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dialnet.unirioja.es:ART0001783981","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=10274866","pdf_url":"https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/10274866.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401293","display_name":"Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I168974976","host_organization_name":"Universidad de La Rioja","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168974976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Retos: nuevas tendencias en educaci\u00f3n f\u00edsica, deporte y recreaci\u00f3n, ISSN 1579-1726, N\u00ba. 70, 2025, pags. 671-687","raw_type":"text (article)"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.47197/retos.v70.114584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.114584","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.114584","pdf_url":"https://www.revistaretos.org/index.php/retos/article/download/114584/83920","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738013834","display_name":"Retos","issn_l":"1579-1726","issn":["1579-1726","1988-2041"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321671","host_organization_name":"FEADEF","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321671"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["FEADEF"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Retos","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412136338.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412136338.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1878549021","https://openalex.org/W1929296596","https://openalex.org/W1966456878","https://openalex.org/W2025597727","https://openalex.org/W2027093378","https://openalex.org/W2050540953","https://openalex.org/W2054416082","https://openalex.org/W2064554925","https://openalex.org/W2080694851","https://openalex.org/W2089148847","https://openalex.org/W2099312267","https://openalex.org/W2117932760","https://openalex.org/W2145090528","https://openalex.org/W2151402014","https://openalex.org/W2162788755","https://openalex.org/W2165474199","https://openalex.org/W2171594368","https://openalex.org/W2511729979","https://openalex.org/W2594490453","https://openalex.org/W2604693394","https://openalex.org/W2623719987","https://openalex.org/W2771678494","https://openalex.org/W2773865323","https://openalex.org/W2776736223","https://openalex.org/W2896993433","https://openalex.org/W2897067402","https://openalex.org/W2902032857","https://openalex.org/W2905149288","https://openalex.org/W2963016583","https://openalex.org/W2974207079","https://openalex.org/W3004549578","https://openalex.org/W3028076131","https://openalex.org/W3083308564","https://openalex.org/W3087112495","https://openalex.org/W3108385613","https://openalex.org/W3170040162","https://openalex.org/W3212318653","https://openalex.org/W4200591630","https://openalex.org/W4281485413","https://openalex.org/W4286268346","https://openalex.org/W4291007869","https://openalex.org/W4304127984","https://openalex.org/W4311113817","https://openalex.org/W4317377820","https://openalex.org/W4327619517","https://openalex.org/W4381336579","https://openalex.org/W4385857135","https://openalex.org/W4391532971","https://openalex.org/W4394579022","https://openalex.org/W4394678577","https://openalex.org/W4394887772","https://openalex.org/W4396695260","https://openalex.org/W4405833639","https://openalex.org/W4410471972"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7162998569","https://openalex.org/W2130294130","https://openalex.org/W7119389157","https://openalex.org/W153702354","https://openalex.org/W3107623996","https://openalex.org/W2000152536","https://openalex.org/W4253345516","https://openalex.org/W2162788755","https://openalex.org/W2013139007","https://openalex.org/W7100464451"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Obesity":[1],"induces":[2],"metabolic":[3,97],"dysfunctions,":[4],"such":[5,186],"as":[6,57,187],"insulin":[7,48,191],"resistance":[8],"and":[9,17,35,50,96,122,147,163,190,220,245],"dyslipidemia,":[10],"which":[11,135],"negatively":[12],"affect":[13],"skeletal":[14,93,116,228],"muscle":[15,37,94,117,247],"remodeling":[16],"function.":[18],"Strength":[19],"training":[20,110],"(ST)":[21],"is":[22,74,237],"an":[23,239],"effective":[24],"intervention":[25],"to":[26,46,60,157,195,242],"combat":[27],"these":[28],"changes,":[29],"improving":[30],"glycemic":[31],"control,":[32],"reducing":[33],"adiposity,":[34,119],"increasing":[36],"mass.":[38,248],"Chromium":[39],"picolinate":[40],"(CrPic),":[41],"a":[42,58,131,179,207,214],"nutritional":[43],"supplement":[44],"proposed":[45],"improve":[47,61],"signaling":[49],"protein":[51],"synthesis,":[52],"has":[53],"been":[54],"commercially":[55],"promoted":[56],"strategy":[59],"body":[62],"composition.":[63],"Although":[64],"some":[65],"mechanistic":[66],"studies":[67],"suggest":[68],"beneficial":[69],"effects":[70,107],"of":[71,89,108,217],"CrPic,":[72],"there":[73],"limited":[75],"evidence":[76],"on":[77,92,115],"its":[78],"efficacy,":[79],"particularly":[80],"in":[81,99,125,181,184,227,232],"combination":[82,233],"with":[83,112,173,203,234],"ST.":[84,218],"Furthermore,":[85],"the":[86,106],"integrative":[87],"impact":[88],"this":[90],"association":[91],"morphology":[95],"parameters":[98],"obesity":[100,142,145],"remains":[101],"unclear.":[102],"Objective:":[103],"To":[104],"investigate":[105],"strength":[109],"combined":[111,172,202],"CrPic":[113,152,165,174,204,221,235],"supplementation":[114,175,205,236],"morphology,":[118],"lipid":[120],"profile,":[121],"glucose":[123,188],"tolerance":[124],"obese":[126],"rats.":[127],"Methodology:":[128],"We":[129,154],"employed":[130],"22-week":[132],"experimental":[133],"protocol,":[134],"was":[136],"divided":[137],"into":[138],"three":[139,159],"stages:":[140],"(1)":[141],"induction,":[143],"(2)":[144],"maintenance,":[146],"(3)":[148],"ST":[149,158,171,201,219,231],"protocol":[150],"and/or":[151],"intervention.":[153],"submitted":[155],"rats":[156,198],"times":[160],"per":[161],"week":[162],"administered":[164],"daily":[166],"via":[167],"orogastric":[168],"gavage.":[169],"Result:":[170],"did":[176,222],"not":[177,223,238],"promote":[178,224],"reduction":[180],"adiposity":[182,244],"or":[183],"comorbities":[185],"intolerance":[189],"resistance.":[192],"In":[193],"relation":[194],"biochemical":[196],"parameters,":[197],"that":[199],"underwent":[200],"had":[206],"higher":[208],"high-":[209],"density":[210],"lipoprotein":[211],"concentration,":[212],"suggesting":[213],"positive":[215],"effect":[216],"morphological":[225],"alterations":[226],"muscles.":[229],"Conclusion:":[230],"efficient":[240],"tool":[241],"reduce":[243],"increase":[246]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}