{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411878286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06455-2","title":"Hybrid model integration with explainable AI for brain tumor diagnosis: a unified approach to MRI analysis and prediction","display_name":"Hybrid model integration with explainable AI for brain tumor diagnosis: a unified approach to MRI analysis and prediction","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411878286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06455-2","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40596288","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12216004"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-025-06455-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06455-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06455-2","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-06455-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-06455-2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5096288563","display_name":"D Vamsidhar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I244572783","display_name":"Symbiosis International University","ror":"https://ror.org/005r2ww51","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I244572783"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Vamsidhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I244572783"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108759706","display_name":"Parth Desai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I244572783","display_name":"Symbiosis International University","ror":"https://ror.org/005r2ww51","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I244572783"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Parth Desai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I244572783"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sagar Joshi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I244572783","display_name":"Symbiosis International University","ror":"https://ror.org/005r2ww51","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I244572783"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sagar Joshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I244572783"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021993584","display_name":"Shrikrishna Kolhar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4170-0081","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4170-0081"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I244572783","display_name":"Symbiosis International University","ror":"https://ror.org/005r2ww51","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I244572783"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shrikrishna Kolhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India. shrikrishna.kolhar@sitpune.edu.in"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India. shrikrishna.kolhar@sitpune.edu.in","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I244572783"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065229309","display_name":"Nilkanth Mukund Deshpande","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7264-1729","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7264-1729"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I244572783","display_name":"Symbiosis International University","ror":"https://ror.org/005r2ww51","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I244572783"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nilkanth Deshpande","raw_affiliation_strings":["Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I244572783"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084518207","display_name":"Shilpa Gite","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3882-7030","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3882-7030"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I244572783","display_name":"Symbiosis International University","ror":"https://ror.org/005r2ww51","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I244572783"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shilpa Gite","raw_affiliation_strings":["Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I244572783"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021993584"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I244572783"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":6.3827,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97281053,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"20542","last_page":"20542"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10129","display_name":"Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-tumor-detection","display_name":"brain tumor detection","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mri-analysis","display_name":"MRI analysis","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/explainable-ai","display_name":"explainable AI","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vision-transformer","display_name":"vision transformer","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resnet-101","display_name":"ResNet-101","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xception","display_name":"Xception","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lime","display_name":"lime","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clahe","display_name":"CLAHE","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"random forest","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-image-classification","display_name":"medical image classification","score":0.6240000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6378568410873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46268025040626526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779130545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233309","display_name":"Brain tumor","level":2,"score":0.45645520091056824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3566543161869049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.2351500689983368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.220778226852417}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-025-06455-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06455-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06455-2","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-06455-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12216004","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12216004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sci Rep","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:40596288","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40596288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7751f586e47e435d9908f4fa1031ccb6","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7751f586e47e435d9908f4fa1031ccb6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-26 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-025-06455-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06455-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06455-2","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-06455-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F3131174422","display_name":"Symbiosis International University","ror":"https://ror.org/005r2ww51"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411878286.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411878286.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2182098131","https://openalex.org/W2396881363","https://openalex.org/W2596470483","https://openalex.org/W2889054146","https://openalex.org/W2954400094","https://openalex.org/W2995683363","https://openalex.org/W3001319889","https://openalex.org/W3029137193","https://openalex.org/W3031116957","https://openalex.org/W3036622655","https://openalex.org/W3047411637","https://openalex.org/W3132698319","https://openalex.org/W3134696621","https://openalex.org/W3139633126","https://openalex.org/W3153457102","https://openalex.org/W3182064909","https://openalex.org/W3196081964","https://openalex.org/W3211317523","https://openalex.org/W4206670236","https://openalex.org/W4206966126","https://openalex.org/W4214932115","https://openalex.org/W4220879402","https://openalex.org/W4243150065","https://openalex.org/W4291511624","https://openalex.org/W4297999173","https://openalex.org/W4312100216","https://openalex.org/W4312133469","https://openalex.org/W4313400783","https://openalex.org/W4317802907","https://openalex.org/W4324149902","https://openalex.org/W4366590341","https://openalex.org/W4371766312","https://openalex.org/W4385070201","https://openalex.org/W4390646484","https://openalex.org/W4391316988","https://openalex.org/W4392196289","https://openalex.org/W4392465065","https://openalex.org/W4393404308","https://openalex.org/W4394824819","https://openalex.org/W4398141531","https://openalex.org/W4399331192","https://openalex.org/W4400235117","https://openalex.org/W4402302097","https://openalex.org/W4402599010","https://openalex.org/W4402749418","https://openalex.org/W4403376008","https://openalex.org/W4405008482","https://openalex.org/W4405316894","https://openalex.org/W4405595542","https://openalex.org/W4406278352","https://openalex.org/W4406886067","https://openalex.org/W4406898111","https://openalex.org/W4407557663","https://openalex.org/W4407910983"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7166559662","https://openalex.org/W7211943518","https://openalex.org/W7160619918","https://openalex.org/W4410287041","https://openalex.org/W7202184835","https://openalex.org/W4411880923","https://openalex.org/W4411173068","https://openalex.org/W7160255784","https://openalex.org/W4414603824","https://openalex.org/W7160441701"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Effective":[0],"treatment":[1],"for":[2,109,125,162,170],"brain":[3],"tumors":[4],"relies":[5],"on":[6,43,65,134],"accurate":[7],"detection":[8,25,40,165],"because":[9],"this":[10,137],"is":[11,59,72],"a":[12,19],"crucial":[13],"health":[14],"condition.":[15],"Medical":[16],"imaging":[17],"plays":[18],"pivotal":[20],"role":[21],"in":[22,28],"improving":[23],"tumor":[24,39,163],"and":[26,55,88,117,122,131,166],"diagnosis":[27],"the":[29,38,44,60,73,100,110,126,140,148,157],"early":[30],"stage.":[31],"This":[32],"study":[33],"presents":[34],"two":[35,82],"approaches":[36],"to":[37,98,155,159],"problem":[41],"focusing":[42],"healthcare":[45],"domain.":[46],"A":[47],"combination":[48,111],"of":[49,107,112],"image":[50],"processing,":[51],"vision":[52,113],"transformer":[53],"(ViT),":[54],"machine":[56],"learning":[57,85,142],"algorithms":[58],"first":[61,80],"approach":[62,71],"that":[63],"focuses":[64],"analyzing":[66],"medical":[67],"images.":[68],"The":[69,102],"second":[70],"parallel":[74,127],"model":[75,128,144,158,168],"integration":[76,129,145],"technique,":[77],"where":[78],"we":[79],"integrate":[81],"pre-trained":[83],"deep":[84,141],"models,":[86],"ResNet101,":[87],"Xception,":[89],"followed":[90],"by":[91],"applying":[92],"local":[93],"interpretable":[94],"model-agnostic":[95],"explanations":[96],"(LIME)":[97],"explain":[99],"model.":[101],"results":[103],"obtained":[104],"an":[105],"accuracy":[106],"98.17%":[108],"transformer,":[114],"random":[115],"forest":[116],"contrast-limited":[118],"adaptive":[119],"histogram":[120],"equalization":[121],"99.":[123],"67%":[124],"(ResNet101":[130],"Xception).":[132],"Based":[133],"these":[135],"results,":[136],"paper":[138],"proposed":[139],"approach-parallel":[143],"technique":[146],"as":[147],"most":[149],"effective":[150],"method.":[151],"Future":[152],"work":[153],"aims":[154],"extend":[156],"multi-class":[160],"classification":[161],"type":[164],"improve":[167],"generalization":[169],"broader":[171],"applicability.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
