{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411735643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3lxj-dx76","title":"Tensor-Network Study of the Roughening Transition in a ( 2 + 1 ) D Z 2 Lattice Gauge Theory with Matter","display_name":"Tensor-Network Study of the Roughening Transition in a ( 2 + 1 ) D Z 2 Lattice Gauge Theory with Matter","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411735643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3lxj-dx76","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40758042"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1103/3lxj-dx76","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3lxj-dx76","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3lxj-dx76","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24807848","display_name":"Physical Review Letters","issn_l":"0031-9007","issn":["0031-9007","1079-7114","1092-0145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3lxj-dx76","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Wen-Tao Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7723-4855","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7723-4855"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142743","display_name":"Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xrcta15","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142743","https://openalex.org/I8204097"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Tao Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST)","Technical University of Munich","Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, 85748 Garching, Germany and , Schellingstra\u00dfe 4, 80799 M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7723-4855","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, 85748 Garching, Germany and , Schellingstra\u00dfe 4, 80799 M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142743","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020137286","display_name":"Michael Knap","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-9502","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-9502"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142743","display_name":"Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xrcta15","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142743","https://openalex.org/I8204097"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Knap","raw_affiliation_strings":["Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST)","Technical University of Munich","Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, 85748 Garching, Germany and , Schellingstra\u00dfe 4, 80799 M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-9502","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, 85748 Garching, Germany and , Schellingstra\u00dfe 4, 80799 M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142743","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049927722","display_name":"Frank Pollmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0320-9304","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0320-9304"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142743","display_name":"Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xrcta15","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142743","https://openalex.org/I8204097"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Pollmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST)","Technical University of Munich","Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, 85748 Garching, Germany and , Schellingstra\u00dfe 4, 80799 M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0320-9304","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, 85748 Garching, Germany and , Schellingstra\u00dfe 4, 80799 M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142743","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3750},"apc_paid":{"value":3750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3750},"fwci":1.8683,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85518012,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"135","issue":"3","first_page":"036503","last_page":"036503"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11804","display_name":"Quantum many-body systems","score":0.9101999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11804","display_name":"Quantum many-body systems","score":0.9101999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10224","display_name":"Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions","score":0.05730000138282776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10591","display_name":"Theoretical and Computational Physics","score":0.007199999876320362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roughening-transition","display_name":"roughening transition","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/z2-lattice-gauge-theory","display_name":"Z2 lattice gauge theory","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confined-phase","display_name":"confined phase","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/string-excitations","display_name":"string excitations","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entanglement-entropy","display_name":"entanglement entropy","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order-parameter","display_name":"order parameter","score":0.7609999775886536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7849199771881104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121040770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215675","display_name":"Quantum entanglement","level":3,"score":0.5663684606552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181830111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214850","display_name":"Gauge theory","level":2,"score":0.5565229058265686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149288129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185357","display_name":"Phase transition","level":2,"score":0.517122745513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.44742682576179504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157486923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376436","display_name":"String (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44483983516693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109663097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182453","display_name":"Adiabatic process","level":2,"score":0.443711519241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.4196584224700928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42238305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5370778","display_name":"Lattice field theory","level":3,"score":0.4172299802303314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.4012224078178406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.38247519731521606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.36305344104766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.11890372633934021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.10177585482597351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":10,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1103/3lxj-dx76","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3lxj-dx76","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3lxj-dx76","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24807848","display_name":"Physical Review Letters","issn_l":"0031-9007","issn":["0031-9007","1079-7114","1092-0145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40758042","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40758042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical review letters","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2503.19027","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2503.19027","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2503.19027","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1790337","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1790337","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196330","display_name":"mediaTUM  (Technical University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1790341","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1790341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400453","display_name":"mediaTUM \u2013 the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:15324471","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15324471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/other"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2503.19027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2503.19027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2503.19027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.15066564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15066564","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15066564","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.15066565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15066565","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15066565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.15324471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15324471","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15324471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1103/3lxj-dx76","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3lxj-dx76","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3lxj-dx76","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24807848","display_name":"Physical Review Letters","issn_l":"0031-9007","issn":["0031-9007","1079-7114","1092-0145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1412681756","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"851161","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","funder_display_name":"European Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2744928646","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FOR5522","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2809294039","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KN1254/1\u2010 2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4710139657","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EXC- 2111390814868","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4871845188","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TRR 360492547816","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5588812021","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101169765","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G734228467","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KN1254/2- 1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323237","display_name":"Bayerisches Staatsministerium f\u00fcr Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst","ror":"https://ror.org/01a44gd51"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","display_name":"European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1532131070","https://openalex.org/W1649221692","https://openalex.org/W1976920725","https://openalex.org/W1978700571","https://openalex.org/W1979618487","https://openalex.org/W1994056480","https://openalex.org/W2003180713","https://openalex.org/W2012844919","https://openalex.org/W2016407890","https://openalex.org/W2019139361","https://openalex.org/W2019606948","https://openalex.org/W2023883372","https://openalex.org/W2024696025","https://openalex.org/W2026019670","https://openalex.org/W2026034750","https://openalex.org/W2027062995","https://openalex.org/W2037768897","https://openalex.org/W2042160121","https://openalex.org/W2051187366","https://openalex.org/W2055495666","https://openalex.org/W2064793823","https://openalex.org/W2065035260","https://openalex.org/W2065380813","https://openalex.org/W2072878847","https://openalex.org/W2082277644","https://openalex.org/W2085739341","https://openalex.org/W2086860422","https://openalex.org/W2089713669","https://openalex.org/W2094253802","https://openalex.org/W2122816100","https://openalex.org/W2125986857","https://openalex.org/W2135273380","https://openalex.org/W2136112092","https://openalex.org/W2136497493","https://openalex.org/W2136565179","https://openalex.org/W2160049695","https://openalex.org/W2164685311","https://openalex.org/W2166122743","https://openalex.org/W2169919279","https://openalex.org/W2172949211","https://openalex.org/W2219591659","https://openalex.org/W2338251721","https://openalex.org/W2538809132","https://openalex.org/W2592536759","https://openalex.org/W2602623886","https://openalex.org/W2617959900","https://openalex.org/W2798727936","https://openalex.org/W2809850886","https://openalex.org/W2938736404","https://openalex.org/W2950684365","https://openalex.org/W2953044543","https://openalex.org/W2990350059","https://openalex.org/W2993564375","https://openalex.org/W2998085626","https://openalex.org/W3000095936","https://openalex.org/W3040128133","https://openalex.org/W3100545578","https://openalex.org/W3103183784","https://openalex.org/W3103342603","https://openalex.org/W3103430647","https://openalex.org/W3103713775","https://openalex.org/W3105318817","https://openalex.org/W3207431311","https://openalex.org/W3207532811","https://openalex.org/W4206688401","https://openalex.org/W4232567451","https://openalex.org/W4306952031","https://openalex.org/W4309830116","https://openalex.org/W4311501733","https://openalex.org/W4382723822","https://openalex.org/W4389046682","https://openalex.org/W4389122618","https://openalex.org/W4389434501","https://openalex.org/W4399970930","https://openalex.org/W4402206846","https://openalex.org/W4403800291","https://openalex.org/W4405990606","https://openalex.org/W4406334367","https://openalex.org/W4409314273","https://openalex.org/W4410235609","https://openalex.org/W4410564529","https://openalex.org/W6911967610"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982128003","https://openalex.org/W2094084361","https://openalex.org/W1997467212","https://openalex.org/W2079839392","https://openalex.org/W2950522345","https://openalex.org/W3105631397","https://openalex.org/W2092842497","https://openalex.org/W2044215812","https://openalex.org/W1995451272","https://openalex.org/W2963462022"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Within":[0],"the":[1,47,57,105,114,124],"confined":[2,16,25,50],"phase":[3],"of":[4,49,107],"(2+1)D":[5],"lattice":[6],"gauge":[7],"theories":[8],"a":[9,14,23,60,109],"roughening":[10,125],"transition":[11],"arises":[12],"between":[13],"weakly":[15],"regime":[17,26],"with":[18,27,59,99],"floppy":[19],"string":[20,29,61],"excitations":[21],"and":[22,113],"strongly":[24],"stiff":[28],"excitations.":[30],"In":[31],"this":[32,53],"Letter,":[33],"we":[34,55,73,88,97],"use":[35,75],"an":[36,100],"infinite":[37],"Density":[38],"Matrix":[39],"Renormalization":[40],"Group":[41],"(iDMRG)":[42],"algorithm":[43],"to":[44,81,90,93,121],"quantitatively":[45],"characterize":[46],"properties":[48],"strings.":[51],"To":[52],"end,":[54],"stabilize":[56],"state":[58],"excitation":[62],"by":[63],"'t":[64,77],"Hooft":[65,78],"loop":[66,79],"operators.":[67],"While":[68],"for":[69,84],"zero":[70],"gauge-matter":[71,86,130],"coupling":[72,87],"can":[74],"bare":[76],"operators":[80],"do":[82],"so,":[83],"finite":[85,129],"have":[89],"transform":[91],"them":[92],"emergent":[94],"ones,":[95],"which":[96],"achieve":[98],"adiabatic":[101],"protocol.":[102],"By":[103],"analyzing":[104],"scaling":[106],"both":[108],"novel":[110],"order":[111],"parameter":[112],"entanglement":[115],"entropy,":[116],"our":[117],"approach":[118],"allows":[119],"us":[120],"accurately":[122],"determine":[123],"transition,":[126],"even":[127],"at":[128],"coupling.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-06-28T00:00:00"}
