{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411706643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/irjo/2025/v8i2181","title":"Evaluating the Acute Toxicities by Using Bolus throughout vs. Alternate Days in Locally Advanced Post-Mastectomy Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Hypo-fractionated Radiotherapy","display_name":"Evaluating the Acute Toxicities by Using Bolus throughout vs. Alternate Days in Locally Advanced Post-Mastectomy Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Hypo-fractionated Radiotherapy","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411706643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/irjo/2025/v8i2181"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/irjo/2025/v8i2181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/irjo/2025/v8i2181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/irjo/2025/v8i2181","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Research Journal of Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118386644","display_name":"Kamrun Nahar Liza","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154892","display_name":"National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/050g6df85","country_code":"BD","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154892"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamrun Nahar Liza","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007723577","display_name":"Muhammad Masudul Hassan Arup","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154892","display_name":"National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/050g6df85","country_code":"BD","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154892"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Masudul Hassan Arup","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005058952","display_name":"Tasneem Hossain","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154892","display_name":"National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/050g6df85","country_code":"BD","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154892"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tasneem Hossain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044743896","display_name":"Marzia Afrin Reme","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258833","display_name":"Ahsania Mission Cancer and General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0190rta27","country_code":"BD","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258833"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marzia Afrin Reme","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Oncology, Ahsania Mission Cancer & General Hospital, Uttara, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Oncology, Ahsania Mission Cancer & General Hospital, Uttara, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258833"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079978529","display_name":"Farjana Rashid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2052-2880","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2052-2880"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154892","display_name":"National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/050g6df85","country_code":"BD","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154892"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farjana Rashid","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154892"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047511624","display_name":"Tarim Mahmood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6746-9693","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6746-9693"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tarim Mahmood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Bangladesh","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"113","last_page":"126"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10183","display_name":"Breast Cancer Treatment Studies","score":0.8910999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10183","display_name":"Breast Cancer Treatment Studies","score":0.8910999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":0.09489999711513519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11359","display_name":"Effects of Radiation Exposure","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypofractionated-radiotherapy","display_name":"hypofractionated radiotherapy","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bolus-materials","display_name":"bolus materials","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-toxicity","display_name":"acute toxicity","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/locally-advanced-breast-cancer","display_name":"locally advanced breast cancer","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-toxicity","display_name":"skin toxicity","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hematological-toxicity","display_name":"hematologic toxicity","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-toxicity","display_name":"pulmonary toxicity","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiotoxicity","display_name":"cardiotoxicity","score":0.8790000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8721030950546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777757722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848318","display_name":"Mastectomy","level":4,"score":0.7704826593399048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509974204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180507","display_name":"Radiation therapy","level":2,"score":0.7009673714637756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.6947402954101562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43376680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6580786","display_name":"Bolus (digestion)","level":2,"score":0.6910214424133301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.39094510674476624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3504939079284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.34849876165390015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2920052409172058}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.9734/irjo/2025/v8i2181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/irjo/2025/v8i2181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/irjo/2025/v8i2181","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Research Journal of Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05379525v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05379525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Research Journal of Oncology, 2025, 8 (2), pp.113-126","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3134466570","https://openalex.org/W2773768631","https://openalex.org/W2909424234","https://openalex.org/W4360620932","https://openalex.org/W2375444374","https://openalex.org/W4408848675","https://openalex.org/W2883347819","https://openalex.org/W2414275651","https://openalex.org/W2766787039","https://openalex.org/W2903050536"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Hypo-fractionated":[1],"radiotherapy":[2,55,242],"has":[3],"gained":[4],"popularity":[5],"in":[6,53,57,67,83,97,119,157,162,170,175,183,234,244,249,276],"the":[7,43,68,112,154,236,282,300,308],"management":[8],"of":[9,71,134,147,188,198,218,241,265,281,287,292,321],"post-mastectomy":[10,58],"breast":[11,59],"cancer":[12,60],"owing":[13],"to":[14,41,89,216,273],"its":[15],"reduced":[16],"treatment":[17,113,305],"duration":[18],"while":[19],"maintaining":[20],"efficacy.":[21],"However,":[22],"this":[23],"approach,":[24],"particularly":[25],"when":[26],"combined":[27],"with":[28],"bolus":[29,47,110,118],"material,":[30],"raises":[31],"concerns":[32],"regarding":[33],"toxicity":[34,44,135,230,257,271,289,293],"and":[35,74,76,99,114,126,131,138,143,160,173,186,201,209,224,247,303,316],"patient":[36],"outcomes.Objective:":[37],"The":[38,62,92],"study":[39,64],"aimed":[40],"compare":[42],"outcomes":[45,231,294],"between":[46],"used":[48],"throughout":[49,111],"versus":[50],"alternate":[51,120],"day":[52],"hypo-fractionated":[54],"regimen":[56],"patients.Methods:":[61],"quasi-experimental":[63],"took":[65],"place":[66],"National":[69],"Institute":[70],"Cancer":[72,79],"Research":[73],"Hospital":[75,82],"Ahsania":[77],"Mission":[78],"&":[80],"General":[81],"Dhaka,":[84],"Bangladesh":[85],"during":[86,122],"January":[87],"2023":[88],"June":[90],"2024.":[91],"total":[93],"participants":[94,205,264,283],"were":[95,101,136,232],"60":[96],"number":[98],"they":[100],"divided":[102],"equally":[103],"into":[104],"2":[105,208,226],"arms;":[106,237],"Arm":[107,115,158,163,171,176,184,189,203,219,245,250,266,277],"A":[108,145,159,172,185,193,204,246,267],"received":[109,117],"B":[116,164,177,190,220,251],"days":[121],"radiotherapy.":[123],"Their":[124],"demographic":[125],"clinical":[127],"characteristics;":[128],"tumor":[129],"attributes":[130],"four":[132],"types":[133],"assessed":[137,258],"compared:":[139],"skin,":[140],"hematological,":[141],"pulmonary":[142],"cardiac.":[144],"follow-up":[146],"36":[148,260],"weeks":[149,261],"was":[150],"also":[151],"documented.Findings:":[152],"Among":[153],"participants,":[155],"86.7%":[156],"80.0%":[161],"had":[165,178,191,206],"invasive":[166],"ductal":[167],"carcinoma;":[168],"56.6%":[169],"50.0%":[174,187],"Grade":[179,207,210,222,225,253,269],"3":[180],"tumors;":[181],"53.3%":[182],"Luminal":[192],"tumors.":[194],"After":[195],"2nd":[196],"week":[197,240],"radiotherapy,":[199],"26.7%":[200],"16.7%":[202,243],"1":[211,223,254,270],"skin":[212],"toxicities":[213,227],"respectively":[214],"compared":[215,272],"6.7%":[217],"suffering":[221],"(p=0.033).":[228],"Hematological":[229],"non-significant":[233],"both":[235],"after":[238,259],"3rd":[239],"10.0%":[248],"developed":[252],"anemia.":[255],"Pulmonary":[256],"revealed":[262],"23.3%":[263],"suffered":[268],"13.3%":[274],"cases":[275],"B.":[278],"Lastly,":[279],"none":[280],"exhibited":[284],"any":[285],"form":[286],"cardiac":[288],"outcomes.Conclusion:":[290],"Evaluation":[291],"is":[295],"highly":[296],"essential":[297],"for":[298,307],"determining":[299],"most":[301],"efficacious":[302],"beneficial":[304],"modality":[306],"patients.":[309],"This":[310],"would":[311],"enhance":[312],"their":[313,318],"survival":[314],"chances":[315],"upgrade":[317],"overall":[319],"quality":[320],"life.":[322]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}