{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411630264","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-long.53","title":"VOLTAGE: A Versatile Contrastive Learning based OCR Methodology for ultra low-resource scripts through Auto Glyph Feature Extraction","display_name":"VOLTAGE: A Versatile Contrastive Learning based OCR Methodology for ultra low-resource scripts through Auto Glyph Feature Extraction","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411630264","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-long.53"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-long.53","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-long.53","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-long.53","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.eacl-long.53.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306418011","display_name":"Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.eacl-long.53.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018170086","display_name":"Prawaal Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-3337","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-3337"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110675161","display_name":"Infosys (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/03bs18y54","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110675161"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prawaal Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Infosys Pune , Maharashtra , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infosys Pune , Maharashtra , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110675161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027120172","display_name":"Poonam Goyal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1556-9905","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1556-9905"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Poonam Goyal","raw_affiliation_strings":["BITS Pilani Pilani , Rajasthan , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BITS Pilani Pilani , Rajasthan , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Vidisha Sharma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vidisha Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pune , Maharashtra , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pune , Maharashtra , India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053105431","display_name":"Navneet Goyal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0006-8211","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0006-8211"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navneet Goyal","raw_affiliation_strings":["BITS Pilani Pilani , Rajasthan , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BITS Pilani Pilani , Rajasthan , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1401,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.36534242,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"881","last_page":"899"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-character-recognition","display_name":"optical character recognition","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrastive-learning","display_name":"contrastive learning","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indic-scripts","display_name":"Indic scripts","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endangered-languages","display_name":"endangered languages","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-inclusion","display_name":"digital inclusion","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-adversarial-networks","display_name":"generative adversarial networks","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-augmentation","display_name":"data augmentation","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting-recognition","display_name":"handwriting recognition","score":0.6880000233650208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142816647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5573018","display_name":"Glyph (data visualization)","level":3,"score":0.9157814383506775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7902944087982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.7564008235931396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.6222345232963562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5454010963439941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.47787466645240784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.44988563656806946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.41385602951049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39786142110824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.15946882963180542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.11194497346878052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.10438024997711182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-long.53","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-long.53","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-long.53","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.eacl-long.53.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306418011","display_name":"Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2510.10490","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10490","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.10490","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2510.10490","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2510.10490","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2510.10490","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-long.53","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-long.53","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-long.53","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.eacl-long.53.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306418011","display_name":"Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411630264.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411630264.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2786345741","https://openalex.org/W2810085502","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2973430807","https://openalex.org/W3136599387","https://openalex.org/W3156636935","https://openalex.org/W3173190788","https://openalex.org/W3173449346","https://openalex.org/W4320167944"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4405715760","https://openalex.org/W7204851982","https://openalex.org/W4401043150","https://openalex.org/W7131434285","https://openalex.org/W4412962417","https://openalex.org/W4396228956","https://openalex.org/W7220322387","https://openalex.org/W7167721001","https://openalex.org/W7223005813","https://openalex.org/W7125511637"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"UNESCO":[0],"has":[1,104,161],"classified":[2],"2500":[3],"out":[4],"of":[5,12,18,26,53,55,67,111,123,144,148,180],"7000":[6],"languages":[7,41,47,64],"spoken":[8],"worldwide":[9],"as":[10],"endangered.Attrition":[11],"a":[13,50],"language":[14],"leads":[15],"to":[16,35,39,116,139],"loss":[17],"traditional":[19],"wisdom,":[20],"folk":[21],"literature,":[22],"and":[23,42,95,100,136,153,166],"the":[24,27,68,90,120,141,145,178],"essence":[25],"community":[28],"that":[29],"uses":[30],"it.It":[31],"is":[32,65],"therefore":[33],"imperative":[34],"bring":[36],"digital":[37,72],"inclusion":[38],"these":[40],"avoid":[43],"its":[44],"extinction.Low":[45],"resource":[46,63],"are":[48],"at":[49],"greater":[51],"risk":[52],"extinction.Lack":[54],"unsupervised":[56],"Optical":[57],"Character":[58],"Recognition(OCR)":[59],"methodologies":[60],"for":[61,86,93,127,150,155,175],"low":[62,135],"one":[66],"reasons":[69],"impeding":[70],"their":[71],"inclusion.We":[73],"propose":[74],"VOLTAGE":[75],"-a":[76,109],"contrastive":[77],"learning":[78],"based":[79],"OCR":[80],"methodology,":[81],"leveraging":[82],"auto-glyph":[83],"feature":[84],"recommendation":[85],"cluster-based":[87],"labelling.We":[88],"augment":[89],"labelled":[91],"data":[92],"diversity":[94],"volume":[96],"using":[97,107],"image":[98],"transformations":[99],"Generative":[101],"Adversarial":[102],"Networks.Voltage":[103],"been":[105,162],"designed":[106],"Takri":[108,128,159],"family":[110],"scripts":[112,133],"used":[113],"in":[114,119],"16th":[115],"20th":[117],"century":[118],"Himalayan":[121],"regions":[122],"India.We":[124],"present":[125],"results":[126],"along":[129,169],"with":[130,170],"other":[131],"Indic":[132],"(both":[134],"high":[137],"resource)":[138],"substantiate":[140],"universal":[142],"behavior":[143],"methodology.An":[146],"accuracy":[147],"95%":[149],"machine":[151],"printed":[152],"87%":[154],"handwritten":[156],"samples":[157],"on":[158],"script":[160],"achieved.We":[163],"conduct":[164],"baseline":[165],"ablation":[167],"studies":[168],"building":[171],"downstream":[172],"use":[173],"cases":[174],"Takri,":[176],"demonstrating":[177],"usefulness":[179],"our":[181],"work.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}