{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411580452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17132120","title":"Correlation of CLDN18.2 and Tumor Microenvironment in Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review","display_name":"Correlation of CLDN18.2 and Tumor Microenvironment in Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411580452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17132120","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40647419","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12249409"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/cancers17132120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17132120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17132120","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/17/13/2120/pdf?version=1750767285","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168415115","display_name":"Cancers","issn_l":"2072-6694","issn":["2072-6694"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/17/13/2120/pdf?version=1750767285","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022059942","display_name":"Katerina Zarampouka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4882-5832","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4882-5832"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katerina Zarampouka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4882-5832","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098622577","display_name":"Christos Tsiantas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7411-1357","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7411-1357"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christos Tsiantas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7411-1357","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Maria Athanasia Stavropoulou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Athanasia Stavropoulou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006474023","display_name":"Konstantinos Efthymiadis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0556-3163","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0556-3163"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Efthymiadis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0556-3163","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039252203","display_name":"Paschalis Theotokis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8607-6695","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8607-6695"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paschalis Theotokis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8607-6695","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043242978","display_name":"Sofia Gargani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4280-0933","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4280-0933"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sofia Gargani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4280-0933","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029508210","display_name":"Eleni Vrettou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eleni Vrettou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030925125","display_name":"Triantafyllia \u039aoletsa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4435-3532","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4435-3532"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Triantafyllia Koletsa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4435-3532","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054691521","display_name":"Maria Eleni \u039canthou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7075-878X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7075-878X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Eleni Manthou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7075-878X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029482679","display_name":"Soultana Meditskou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7929-9110","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7929-9110"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Soultana Meditskou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7929-9110","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029482679"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"],"apc_list":{"value":2900,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3499},"apc_paid":{"value":2900,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3499},"fwci":0.9022,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67665107,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"13","first_page":"2120","last_page":"2120"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10696","display_name":"Gastric Cancer Management and Outcomes","score":0.961899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10696","display_name":"Gastric Cancer Management and Outcomes","score":0.961899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10158","display_name":"Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers","score":0.02630000002682209,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10336","display_name":"Cancer Cells and Metastasis","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cldn18-2","display_name":"CLDN18.2","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastric-cancer","display_name":"gastric cancer","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-microenvironment","display_name":"tumor microenvironment","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd8-t-cells","display_name":"CD8+ T cells","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutrophils","display_name":"neutrophils","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-associated-fibroblasts","display_name":"cancer-associated fibroblasts","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-t-cells","display_name":"regulatory T cells","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/b-cells","display_name":"B cells","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tight-junction-proteins","display_name":"tight junction proteins","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-target","display_name":"therapeutic target","score":0.5839999914169312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776107976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1786433","display_name":"Tumor microenvironment","level":3,"score":0.768342137336731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.6917645931243896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4723323881626129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779256057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16909647","display_name":"Tumor progression","level":3,"score":0.45686671137809753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.4389876425266266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51872919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420863","display_name":"Claudin","level":3,"score":0.4333137273788452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177779419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053832","display_name":"Tight junction","level":2,"score":0.34059572219848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.33086884021759033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.274268239736557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1864609718322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.1061745285987854}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/cancers17132120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17132120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17132120","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/17/13/2120/pdf?version=1750767285","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168415115","display_name":"Cancers","issn_l":"2072-6694","issn":["2072-6694"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40647419","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40647419","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12249409","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12249409/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/cancers17132120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17132120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17132120","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/17/13/2120/pdf?version=1750767285","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168415115","display_name":"Cancers","issn_l":"2072-6694","issn":["2072-6694"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411580452.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411580452.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W229541132","https://openalex.org/W1977437890","https://openalex.org/W1981851073","https://openalex.org/W2007895431","https://openalex.org/W2011356699","https://openalex.org/W2028965810","https://openalex.org/W2038689279","https://openalex.org/W2055763640","https://openalex.org/W2058856567","https://openalex.org/W2079482620","https://openalex.org/W2091774407","https://openalex.org/W2100439220","https://openalex.org/W2104759721","https://openalex.org/W2105535336","https://openalex.org/W2108902851","https://openalex.org/W2129464560","https://openalex.org/W2147005068","https://openalex.org/W2147164306","https://openalex.org/W2152362765","https://openalex.org/W2155167083","https://openalex.org/W2157473448","https://openalex.org/W2161613881","https://openalex.org/W2165411051","https://openalex.org/W2256704142","https://openalex.org/W2464915778","https://openalex.org/W2503291190","https://openalex.org/W2573152477","https://openalex.org/W2582686270","https://openalex.org/W2593635330","https://openalex.org/W2747359356","https://openalex.org/W2763064222","https://openalex.org/W2809428231","https://openalex.org/W2895126364","https://openalex.org/W2898453713","https://openalex.org/W2911879897","https://openalex.org/W2920600229","https://openalex.org/W2943589813","https://openalex.org/W2948140451","https://openalex.org/W2955004102","https://openalex.org/W2992302253","https://openalex.org/W3013125967","https://openalex.org/W3017540227","https://openalex.org/W3025896162","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3129400987","https://openalex.org/W3147142721","https://openalex.org/W3160377948","https://openalex.org/W3184501950","https://openalex.org/W3206448904","https://openalex.org/W3208604847","https://openalex.org/W3211325671","https://openalex.org/W3214502240","https://openalex.org/W4205225424","https://openalex.org/W4229445969","https://openalex.org/W4229452462","https://openalex.org/W4285006101","https://openalex.org/W4298148770","https://openalex.org/W4313540535","https://openalex.org/W4320517028","https://openalex.org/W4321004763","https://openalex.org/W4362592205","https://openalex.org/W4365813058","https://openalex.org/W4379281984","https://openalex.org/W4384831872","https://openalex.org/W4385830212","https://openalex.org/W4387809561","https://openalex.org/W4387849849","https://openalex.org/W4389321606","https://openalex.org/W4389392984","https://openalex.org/W4390702879","https://openalex.org/W4392091243","https://openalex.org/W4392454778","https://openalex.org/W4393935425","https://openalex.org/W4396781398","https://openalex.org/W4398247010","https://openalex.org/W4399103914","https://openalex.org/W4401256367","https://openalex.org/W4402580632","https://openalex.org/W4402714413","https://openalex.org/W4403679157","https://openalex.org/W4403789207","https://openalex.org/W4403991009","https://openalex.org/W4404837286","https://openalex.org/W4406091794"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7155542861","https://openalex.org/W6920776415","https://openalex.org/W4285006101","https://openalex.org/W4384831872","https://openalex.org/W6920786966","https://openalex.org/W4282918569","https://openalex.org/W4385830212","https://openalex.org/W2963441600","https://openalex.org/W4410814861","https://openalex.org/W6977174532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background/Objectives:":[0],"Gastric":[1],"cancer":[2,189],"(GC)":[3],"is":[4,13,23,33,54],"the":[5,39,43,59,65,68,83,90,101,110,118,135,162,166,176],"fifth":[6],"leading":[7],"cause":[8],"of":[9,38,61,67,85,131,165,178],"cancer-related":[10],"mortality.":[11],"CLDN18.2":[12,32,62,139,154],"a":[14,26,185],"tight":[15],"junction":[16],"protein,":[17],"expressed":[18],"in":[19,188],"gastric":[20],"mucosa":[21],"and":[22,42,64,77,89,107,109,141,146,156,158,191],"considered":[24],"as":[25],"novel":[27],"therapeutic":[28],"target.":[29],"Even":[30],"though":[31],"associated":[34],"with":[35,45,175],"various":[36],"components":[37,66,164],"tumor":[40,69,91,182],"microenvironment":[41,183],"relation":[44],"clinical":[46],"histopathological":[47],"parameters":[48],"has":[49],"been":[50],"widely":[51],"studied,":[52],"there":[53,168],"no":[55],"sufficient":[56],"data":[57,81,171],"on":[58],"associations":[60],"expression":[63,88,140,155,177],"microenvironment.":[70,92],"This":[71],"systematic":[72],"review":[73],"aims":[74],"to":[75,104,116,193],"gather":[76],"present":[78],"all":[79],"available":[80],"about":[82,172],"correlation":[84,137,150,174],"CLDN":[86],"18.2":[87],"Methods:":[93],"The":[94,128,181],"research":[95],"questions":[96],"were":[97,126],"systematically":[98],"formulated":[99],"using":[100],"PICO":[102],"model":[103],"ensure":[105],"clarity":[106],"precision,":[108],"PRISMA":[111],"flow":[112],"diagram":[113],"was":[114,134,151],"constructed":[115],"detail":[117],"study":[119,133],"selection":[120],"process.":[121],"Results:":[122],"Sixteen":[123],"original":[124],"articles":[125],"retrieved.":[127],"major":[129],"finding":[130],"this":[132],"positive":[136],"between":[138,153],"CD8+":[142],"T":[143],"cells,":[144],"neutrophils":[145],"cancer-associated":[147],"fibroblasts.":[148],"No":[149],"found":[152],"Tregs":[157],"B":[159],"cells.":[160],"For":[161],"remaining":[163],"microenvironment,":[167],"are":[169],"contradictory":[170],"their":[173],"CLDN18.2.":[179],"Conclusions:":[180],"plays":[184],"critical":[186],"role":[187],"progression":[190],"needs":[192],"be":[194],"studied":[195],"more":[196],"thoroughly.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
