{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411249787","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51200/sapj.v13i1.6037","title":"LETTING BYGONES BE BYGONES: THE STABILITY OF FORGIVINGNESS TENDENCY","display_name":"LETTING BYGONES BE BYGONES: THE STABILITY OF FORGIVINGNESS TENDENCY","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411249787","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51200/sapj.v13i1.6037"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.51200/sapj.v13i1.6037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51200/sapj.v13i1.6037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.51200/sapj.v13i1.6037","pdf_url":"https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/SAPJ/article/download/6037/4054","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406987226","display_name":"Journal of Southeast Asia Psychology (SAPJ)","issn_l":"2289-1870","issn":["2289-1870","2710-544X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322526","host_organization_name":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Universiti Malaysia Sabah"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Southeast Asia Psychology Journal (SAPJ)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/SAPJ/article/download/6037/4054","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135795029","display_name":"Khent Rolance T. Tamayo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I245213965","display_name":"Philippine Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03d5rbb25","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I245213965"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khent Rolance Tamayo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Philippine Normal University - Manila"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Philippine Normal University - Manila","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I245213965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016190279","display_name":"Darwin Rungduin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3594-2949","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3594-2949"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I245213965","display_name":"Philippine Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03d5rbb25","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I245213965"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darwin Rungduin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Philippine Normal University - Manila"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Philippine Normal University - Manila","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I245213965"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013808576","display_name":"Teresita Tabbada Rungduin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-8474","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-8474"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I245213965","display_name":"Philippine Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03d5rbb25","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I245213965"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teresita Rungduin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Office of the Vice President for Research, Extension, and Quality Assurance, Philippine Normal University - Manila"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Office of the Vice President for Research, Extension, and Quality Assurance, Philippine Normal University - Manila","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I245213965"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I245213965"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6446,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64361723,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1","first_page":"191","last_page":"214"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12551","display_name":"Forgiveness and Related Behaviors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12551","display_name":"Forgiveness and Related Behaviors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11040","display_name":"Personality Traits and Psychology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personality-stability","display_name":"personality stability","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personality-change-over-time","display_name":"personality change over time","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-trajectories","display_name":"age trajectories","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/young-adulthood","display_name":"early adulthood","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/midlife","display_name":"midlife","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.8420000076293945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.43687987327575684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.33089759945869446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2410363256931305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.51200/sapj.v13i1.6037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51200/sapj.v13i1.6037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.51200/sapj.v13i1.6037","pdf_url":"https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/SAPJ/article/download/6037/4054","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406987226","display_name":"Journal of Southeast Asia Psychology (SAPJ)","issn_l":"2289-1870","issn":["2289-1870","2710-544X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322526","host_organization_name":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Universiti Malaysia Sabah"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Southeast Asia Psychology Journal (SAPJ)","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.jurcon.ums.edu.my:article/6037","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/SAPJ/article/view/6037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406987226","display_name":"Journal of Southeast Asia Psychology (SAPJ)","issn_l":"2289-1870","issn":["2289-1870","2710-544X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322526","host_organization_name":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Universiti Malaysia Sabah"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.51200/sapj.v13i1","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.51200/sapj.v13i1.6037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51200/sapj.v13i1.6037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.51200/sapj.v13i1.6037","pdf_url":"https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/SAPJ/article/download/6037/4054","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406987226","display_name":"Journal of Southeast Asia Psychology (SAPJ)","issn_l":"2289-1870","issn":["2289-1870","2710-544X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322526","host_organization_name":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Universiti Malaysia Sabah"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Southeast Asia Psychology Journal (SAPJ)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411249787.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411249787.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W142546397","https://openalex.org/W1484979921","https://openalex.org/W1619488068","https://openalex.org/W1966123979","https://openalex.org/W1986252619","https://openalex.org/W1997809512","https://openalex.org/W2002335586","https://openalex.org/W2008629635","https://openalex.org/W2013652007","https://openalex.org/W2014083209","https://openalex.org/W2018616670","https://openalex.org/W2022382310","https://openalex.org/W2030063535","https://openalex.org/W2045183209","https://openalex.org/W2052283723","https://openalex.org/W2066011436","https://openalex.org/W2071589850","https://openalex.org/W2075532481","https://openalex.org/W2079409507","https://openalex.org/W2117882184","https://openalex.org/W2126244487","https://openalex.org/W2127872514","https://openalex.org/W2129999438","https://openalex.org/W2131777888","https://openalex.org/W2143117643","https://openalex.org/W2144108398","https://openalex.org/W2148329871","https://openalex.org/W2166796639","https://openalex.org/W2167633897","https://openalex.org/W2168160449","https://openalex.org/W2338778979","https://openalex.org/W2497805875","https://openalex.org/W2565140597","https://openalex.org/W2605760652","https://openalex.org/W2898414468","https://openalex.org/W3026244689","https://openalex.org/W3036077792","https://openalex.org/W3043959395","https://openalex.org/W3114431978","https://openalex.org/W3117882906","https://openalex.org/W3120301960","https://openalex.org/W3131097501","https://openalex.org/W3157403649","https://openalex.org/W3176948673","https://openalex.org/W4237063441","https://openalex.org/W4386733641","https://openalex.org/W4388323037"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3136449498","https://openalex.org/W2094347086","https://openalex.org/W2782216041","https://openalex.org/W7118516421","https://openalex.org/W4280500459","https://openalex.org/W4410179678","https://openalex.org/W1996495103","https://openalex.org/W2024934425","https://openalex.org/W2560517272","https://openalex.org/W2164245882"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Over":[0],"the":[1,27,54,69,74],"past":[2],"decades,":[3],"forgivingness":[4,30,61,131],"has":[5],"been":[6],"hypothesized":[7],"as":[8],"a":[9,95,125],"stable":[10,44,150],"personality":[11],"trait.":[12],"Despite":[13],"this":[14,22],"early":[15,133],"assertion,":[16],"little":[17],"to":[18,35,41,52,72],"no":[19,138],"evidence":[20],"supports":[21],"claim.":[23],"This":[24,92],"study":[25,70,93],"investigated":[26],"stability":[28],"of":[29,68,78,90,111],"tendency":[31,62],"over":[32,47],"time,":[33],"seeking":[34],"answer":[36],"whether":[37],"an":[38,59,104,128],"individual\u2019s":[39,60,129],"disposition":[40],"forgive":[42],"is":[43],"or":[45],"changes":[46,139],"time.":[48],"Moreover,":[49],"it":[50],"aimed":[51],"determine":[53],"age":[55],"trajectory":[56],"at":[57],"which":[58],"becomes":[63,149],"relatively":[64],"stable.":[65],"The":[66,122],"purpose":[67],"was":[71],"test":[73],"Personality":[75],"Stability":[76],"Theory":[77],"McCrae":[79],"and":[80,83,99,114,134,144],"Costa":[81],"(1994)":[82],"Caspi":[84],"et":[85],"al.":[86],"(2005)":[87],"in":[88,119,127],"terms":[89],"forgivingness.":[91],"used":[94,118],"quantitative,":[96],"cross-sectional":[97],"design,":[98],"data":[100,120],"were":[101,117,140],"collected":[102],"via":[103],"online":[105],"survey.":[106],"Descriptive":[107],"statistics,":[108],"one-way":[109],"analysis":[110],"variance":[112],"(ANOVA),":[113],"post-hoc":[115],"tests":[116],"analyses.":[121],"results":[123],"showed":[124],"change":[126],"dispositional":[130],"between":[132,142],"middle":[135,143,153],"adulthood,":[136],"while":[137],"observed":[141],"older":[145],"adults.":[146],"Forgivingness,":[147],"therefore,":[148],"upon":[151],"reaching":[152],"adulthood.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}