{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411207124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/dtom.2025.0041","title":"Immediate Effect of Mud Pack and Wet Pack to the Abdomen on Blood Glucose Levels and Cardiovascular Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Crossover Study","display_name":"Immediate Effect of Mud Pack and Wet Pack to the Abdomen on Blood Glucose Levels and Cardiovascular Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Crossover Study","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411207124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/dtom.2025.0041"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1089/dtom.2025.0041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/dtom.2025.0041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/dtom.2025.0041","pdf_url":"https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/dtom.2025.0041?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042773","display_name":"Diabetes Technology and Obesity Medicine","issn_l":"2998-6702","issn":["2998-6702"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes Technology and Obesity Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/dtom.2025.0041?download=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019862033","display_name":"A. Mooventhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2149-9694","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2149-9694"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Mooventhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College, Chennai, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2149-9694","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College, Chennai, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051581376","display_name":"L. Nivethitha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-4810","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-4810"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124368","display_name":"Ministry of AYUSH","ror":"https://ror.org/03fxf3w65","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124368"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Nivethitha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Women and Child Care, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, National Institute of Naturopathy, Pune, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Women and Child Care, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, National Institute of Naturopathy, Pune, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101393383","display_name":"C. Yoga Priya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20107917","display_name":"Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0108gdg43","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20107917"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Yoga Priya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20107917"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118123585","display_name":"R. Sadhana","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Sadhana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Medicine, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College, Chennai, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Medicine, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College, Chennai, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063404264","display_name":"K. Kahlilsubramanian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Kahlilsubramanian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College, Chennai, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College, Chennai, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076100226","display_name":"N. Manavalan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8754-7249","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8754-7249"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Manavalan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Naturopathy, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College, Chennai, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Naturopathy, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College, Chennai, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019862033"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14443422,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":"259","last_page":"264"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13108","display_name":"Therapeutic Uses of Natural Elements","score":0.3855000138282776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3603","display_name":"Complementary and Manual Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13108","display_name":"Therapeutic Uses of Natural Elements","score":0.3855000138282776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3603","display_name":"Complementary and Manual Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.0860000029206276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.08179999887943268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mud-packs","display_name":"mud packs","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abdominal-massage","display_name":"abdominal massage","score":0.5289999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-glucose","display_name":"blood glucose","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-function","display_name":"cardiovascular function","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperglycemia","display_name":"hyperglycemia","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-resistance","display_name":"insulin resistance","score":0.6259999871253967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87813604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1242899","display_name":"Crossover study","level":4,"score":0.7481837868690491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5981863737106323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910068830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","level":3,"score":0.5794401168823242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779983558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9597","display_name":"Abdomen","level":2,"score":0.5550916194915771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122507166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628906","display_name":"Crossover","level":2,"score":0.49145567417144775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4754776060581207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.4720749855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.47064918279647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.45842328667640686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.29731592535972595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.24249911308288574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.05954563617706299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.05086934566497803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.04848527908325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1089/dtom.2025.0041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/dtom.2025.0041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/dtom.2025.0041","pdf_url":"https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/dtom.2025.0041?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042773","display_name":"Diabetes Technology and Obesity Medicine","issn_l":"2998-6702","issn":["2998-6702"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes Technology and Obesity Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1089/dtom.2025.0041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/dtom.2025.0041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/dtom.2025.0041","pdf_url":"https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/dtom.2025.0041?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042773","display_name":"Diabetes Technology and Obesity Medicine","issn_l":"2998-6702","issn":["2998-6702"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes Technology and Obesity Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411207124.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411207124.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1890090833","https://openalex.org/W2005188793","https://openalex.org/W2088585856","https://openalex.org/W2797572666","https://openalex.org/W3012598321","https://openalex.org/W3093248547","https://openalex.org/W3197447841","https://openalex.org/W3214253239","https://openalex.org/W4200026682","https://openalex.org/W4285741085","https://openalex.org/W4290633183","https://openalex.org/W4297982794","https://openalex.org/W4376604242","https://openalex.org/W4392757267"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2347477706","https://openalex.org/W2136646847","https://openalex.org/W3190114291","https://openalex.org/W2023105019","https://openalex.org/W2952782365","https://openalex.org/W4296298573","https://openalex.org/W2231094482","https://openalex.org/W3027163692","https://openalex.org/W2984379141","https://openalex.org/W2334271056"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Diabetes":[1],"mellitus":[2,54],"is":[3],"a":[4],"chronic":[5],"condition":[6],"marked":[7],"by":[8],"hyperglycemia":[9],"due":[10],"to":[11,24],"impaired":[12],"insulin":[13],"secretion":[14],"or":[15],"resistance.":[16],"Conventional":[17],"managements":[18],"often":[19],"have":[20],"side":[21],"effects,":[22],"leading":[23],"interest":[25],"in":[26,48],"nondrug":[27],"interventions.":[28],"This":[29],"study":[30],"examines":[31],"the":[32],"immediate":[33],"effect":[34],"of":[35],"mud":[36],"pack":[37,40],"and":[38,45],"wet":[39],"on":[41],"blood":[42],"glucose":[43],"levels":[44],"cardiovascular":[46],"function":[47],"patients":[49],"with":[50],"type":[51],"2":[52],"diabetes":[53],"(T2DM).":[55]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}