{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411133147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.06.658371","title":"G1 and G2 ApolipoproteinL1 modulate macrophage inflammation and lipid accumulation through the polyamine pathway","display_name":"G1 and G2 ApolipoproteinL1 modulate macrophage inflammation and lipid accumulation through the polyamine pathway","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411133147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.06.658371","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40501951","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12157409"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1101/2025.06.06.658371","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.06.658371","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.06.658371","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/06/09/2025.06.06.658371.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/06/09/2025.06.06.658371.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008922702","display_name":"Esther Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2875-5184","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2875-5184"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Esther Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 606, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2875-5184","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 606, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Matthew Wright","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Wright","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 606, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 606, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092882307","display_name":"Andrew O. Kearney","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew O. Kearney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057529489","display_name":"Tiffany N. Caza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-8998","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-8998"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088875","display_name":"Arkana Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/0053hg536","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088875"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiffany Caza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arkana Laboratories, Little Rock, AR 72211, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arkana Laboratories, Little Rock, AR 72211, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088875"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029652435","display_name":"Johnson Y. Yang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johnson Y. Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Valerie Garcia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valerie Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 606, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 606, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083445232","display_name":"Amal Dadi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amal O. Dadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087257594","display_name":"Shuta Ishibe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3212-641X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3212-641X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuta Ishibe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046518034","display_name":"Navdeep S. Chandel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7208-3886","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7208-3886"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navdeep S. Chandel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7208-3886","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036037952","display_name":"Hanrui Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-938X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-938X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799503643","display_name":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01esghr10","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799503643"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanrui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-938X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799503643"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027947816","display_name":"Edward Benjamin Thorp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1387-7058","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1387-7058"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward B. Thorp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018073543","display_name":"Jennie J. Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9328-6700","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9328-6700"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135737","display_name":"Jesse Brown VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/049qtwc86","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210115976","https://openalex.org/I4210135737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennie Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","Section of Nephrology, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA","Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 606, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Nephrology, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 606, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008922702"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11308","display_name":"Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling","score":0.21089999377727509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11308","display_name":"Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling","score":0.21089999377727509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11078","display_name":"Inflammasome and immune disorders","score":0.10300000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12955","display_name":"Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases","score":0.09700000286102295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apol1","display_name":"APOL1","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macrophage-inflammatory-response","display_name":"macrophage inflammation","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-accumulation","display_name":"lipid accumulation","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyamine-pathway","display_name":"polyamine pathway","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammasome-signaling","display_name":"inflammasome signaling","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitochondrial-dynamics","display_name":"mitochondrial dynamics","score":0.5149999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-phosphorylation","display_name":"oxidative phosphorylation","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycolysis","display_name":"glycolysis","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il-4","display_name":"IL-4","score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il-10","display_name":"IL-10","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/difluoromethylornithine","display_name":"difluoromethylornithine","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kidney-disease","display_name":"kidney disease","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiometabolic-traits","display_name":"cardiometabolic traits","score":0.8050000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780115381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421959","display_name":"Polyamine","level":2,"score":0.8135477304458618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.7109442949295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779244956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184204","display_name":"Macrophage","level":3,"score":0.703886091709137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5228776931762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.45775851607322693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.2946728467941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.23208045959472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.22336909174919128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.06273141503334045}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1101/2025.06.06.658371","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.06.658371","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.06.658371","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/06/09/2025.06.06.658371.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:40501951","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40501951","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12157409","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12157409","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1101/2025.06.06.658371","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.06.658371","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.06.658371","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/06/09/2025.06.06.658371.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9476000070571899,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1164661550","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P30CA060553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333106","funder_display_name":"Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1284175734","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA060553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309475","funder_display_name":"Northwestern University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1382277591","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA 060553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1697802790","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCSGP30CA060553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G23745306","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCSG P30 CA060553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333106","funder_display_name":"Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G317886719","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P30CA060553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309475","funder_display_name":"Northwestern University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4001230836","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NCI CA060553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309475","funder_display_name":"Northwestern University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4159268500","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA060553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333106","funder_display_name":"Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4372147948","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NCI CA060553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6544658276","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCSG P30","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000046704","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA-060553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000243582","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NCI CA060553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000243610","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCSG P30 CA060553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000866156","display_name":"NRSA Training Core","funder_award_id":"TL1DK132769","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000887653","display_name":"Macrophages and attenuation of inflammation resolution in APOL1 nephropathy","funder_award_id":"R01DK131521","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000891045","display_name":"The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center","funder_award_id":"P30CA060553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000891591","display_name":"Uncovering Mechanisms of Risk-Variant APOL1-modulated Inflammatory Signaling in Macrophages","funder_award_id":"F31DK131884","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000893708","display_name":"Phagocyte Crosstalk in the Balance of Inflammation & Cardiac Disease","funder_award_id":"R35HL177401","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000895363","display_name":"Chicago Kidney Urology Hematology network FOR city-Wide reseArch tRaining and career Development (Chicago KUH FORWARD)","funder_award_id":"U2CDK129917","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000915330","display_name":"Integrated epidemiology of systemic and plaque-specific immunologic features of human atherosclerosis","funder_award_id":"R01HL175893","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309475","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332193","display_name":"Genentech","ror":"https://ror.org/04gndp242"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333106","display_name":"Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/012pb6c26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411133147.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411133147.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":102,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W576991075","https://openalex.org/W1537276662","https://openalex.org/W1720415799","https://openalex.org/W1970090817","https://openalex.org/W1979679540","https://openalex.org/W1980119632","https://openalex.org/W1983619827","https://openalex.org/W1986852869","https://openalex.org/W1999030993","https://openalex.org/W2030803259","https://openalex.org/W2046208657","https://openalex.org/W2058429236","https://openalex.org/W2065769697","https://openalex.org/W2101161530","https://openalex.org/W2104901632","https://openalex.org/W2114360920","https://openalex.org/W2117715810","https://openalex.org/W2124641083","https://openalex.org/W2213899646","https://openalex.org/W2333427125","https://openalex.org/W2343540188","https://openalex.org/W2551540011","https://openalex.org/W2554076427","https://openalex.org/W2556079248","https://openalex.org/W2589644968","https://openalex.org/W2603980776","https://openalex.org/W2611360243","https://openalex.org/W2731908234","https://openalex.org/W2735613394","https://openalex.org/W2741813146","https://openalex.org/W2766278264","https://openalex.org/W2783447999","https://openalex.org/W2790786579","https://openalex.org/W2792855672","https://openalex.org/W2806405834","https://openalex.org/W2808684196","https://openalex.org/W2811098644","https://openalex.org/W2884116396","https://openalex.org/W2891644675","https://openalex.org/W2907223756","https://openalex.org/W2912692514","https://openalex.org/W2938962285","https://openalex.org/W2941439806","https://openalex.org/W2945702356","https://openalex.org/W2977052708","https://openalex.org/W3004975983","https://openalex.org/W3008610789","https://openalex.org/W3012416383","https://openalex.org/W3026226739","https://openalex.org/W3026603425","https://openalex.org/W3035210823","https://openalex.org/W3035659282","https://openalex.org/W3036499384","https://openalex.org/W3040054418","https://openalex.org/W3041408581","https://openalex.org/W3043084614","https://openalex.org/W3043689353","https://openalex.org/W3047928811","https://openalex.org/W3091656629","https://openalex.org/W3095458791","https://openalex.org/W3096122352","https://openalex.org/W3116460564","https://openalex.org/W3138260440","https://openalex.org/W3157644364","https://openalex.org/W3164363900","https://openalex.org/W3170453218","https://openalex.org/W3183561286","https://openalex.org/W3188375221","https://openalex.org/W3189323437","https://openalex.org/W3194347240","https://openalex.org/W3205089872","https://openalex.org/W3205769128","https://openalex.org/W3207642580","https://openalex.org/W3213310847","https://openalex.org/W4200053459","https://openalex.org/W4210747317","https://openalex.org/W4226427765","https://openalex.org/W4288072647","https://openalex.org/W4294433648","https://openalex.org/W4297312167","https://openalex.org/W4310462978","https://openalex.org/W4312118929","https://openalex.org/W4318025584","https://openalex.org/W4319076982","https://openalex.org/W4324311608","https://openalex.org/W4382055992","https://openalex.org/W4384924112","https://openalex.org/W4385982761","https://openalex.org/W4387439601","https://openalex.org/W4388750790","https://openalex.org/W4389624728","https://openalex.org/W4390919844","https://openalex.org/W4391687989","https://openalex.org/W4394578957","https://openalex.org/W4396872833","https://openalex.org/W4397042901","https://openalex.org/W4403788819","https://openalex.org/W4404764536","https://openalex.org/W4404846474","https://openalex.org/W4406001017","https://openalex.org/W4406739449","https://openalex.org/W4407758034"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4380794830","https://openalex.org/W2938962285","https://openalex.org/W4397046389","https://openalex.org/W2390105561","https://openalex.org/W4404817338","https://openalex.org/W2133457370","https://openalex.org/W4389020416","https://openalex.org/W4387089858","https://openalex.org/W4390706866","https://openalex.org/W3095458791"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"G1":[2,32,50,79,87,115,152,171,183,196],"and":[3,20,33,39,51,62,74,80,88,97,111,116,124,128,143,153,165,172,184,189,197],"G2":[4,34,52,81,89,117,154,173,185,198],"variants":[5],"of":[6,140,146,182],"the":[7,144,147,179],"gene":[8,167],"encoding":[9],"Apolipoprotein":[10],"L1":[11],"(":[12],"APOL1":[13,35,82,90,186],")":[14],"increase":[15],"risk":[16],"for":[17],"kidney":[18],"disease":[19],"cardiometabolic":[21],"traits.":[22],"While":[23],"previous":[24],"studies":[25],"have":[26],"elucidated":[27],"key":[28],"mechanisms":[29,46],"by":[30,78],"which":[31,194],"cause":[36],"cellular":[37,201],"inflammation":[38,48],"cytotoxicity,":[40],"it":[41],"remains":[42],"unclear":[43],"whether":[44],"these":[45,176],"drive":[47],"in":[49,114,151,170,187],"macrophages.":[53,155,174],"In":[54],"this":[55,100],"study,":[56],"we":[57,119,131],"used":[58,132],"mouse":[59],"bone-marrow-derived":[60],"macrophages":[61,68,118,188],"human":[63],"induced":[64],"pluripotent":[65],"stem":[66],"cell-derived":[67],"to":[69,136],"identify":[70,137,190],"altered":[71],"immune":[72],"signaling":[73],"inflammatory":[75,101],"activation":[76],"caused":[77],".":[83],"We":[84],"demonstrated":[85],"that":[86],"increased":[91,121],"lipid":[92,163],"accumulation,":[93],"pro-inflammatory":[94,180],"cytokine":[95],"expression,":[96],"inflammasome":[98,166],"signaling;":[99],"response":[102],"was":[103],"sustained":[104],"when":[105],"treated":[106,157],"with":[107,158],"anti-inflammatory":[108],"cytokines":[109],"IL-4":[110],"IL-10.":[112],"Additionally,":[113],"observed":[120],"mitochondrial":[122],"size":[123],"elongation,":[125],"oxidative":[126],"phosphorylation,":[127],"glycolysis.":[129],"Finally,":[130],"unbiased":[133],"metabolite":[134],"analysis":[135],"an":[138],"accumulation":[139,164],"polyamine":[141,159],"spermidine":[142,148],"enrichment":[145],"synthesis":[149],"pathway":[150,193],"When":[156],"inhibitor":[160],"\u03b1-difluoromethylornithine":[161],"(DFMO),":[162],"expression":[168],"decreased":[169],"Together,":[175],"findings":[177],"establish":[178],"effects":[181,199],"a":[191],"novel":[192],"ameliorates":[195],"on":[200],"inflammation.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
