{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411101331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115222","title":"The Rise and Fall of Regions: A Hybrid Multi-Criteria Analysis of T\u00fcrkiye\u2019s Regional Economies\u2019 Sustainable Performance","display_name":"The Rise and Fall of Regions: A Hybrid Multi-Criteria Analysis of T\u00fcrkiye\u2019s Regional Economies\u2019 Sustainable Performance","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411101331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115222"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su17115222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115222","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/11/5222/pdf?version=1749135687","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/11/5222/pdf?version=1749135687","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033476066","display_name":"Nazl\u0131 Tekman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-4296","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-4296"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137265801","display_name":"Osmaniye Korkut Ata University","ror":"https://ror.org/03h8sa373","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137265801"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nazli Tekman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Transportation Services, Osmaniye Vocational School, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye 80010, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-4296","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Transportation Services, Osmaniye Vocational School, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye 80010, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137265801"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051197699","display_name":"Muhammed Ordu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4764-9379","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4764-9379"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137265801","display_name":"Osmaniye Korkut Ata University","ror":"https://ror.org/03h8sa373","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137265801"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammed Ordu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye 80010, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4764-9379","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye 80010, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137265801"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051197699"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137265801"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"fwci":11.1272,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98488967,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"11","first_page":"5222","last_page":"5222"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14051","display_name":"Regional Economic Trends and Sectoral Structure","score":0.8008000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14051","display_name":"Regional Economic Trends and Sectoral Structure","score":0.8008000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12961","display_name":"Regional Development and Policy","score":0.0640999972820282,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14066","display_name":"Economic Development and Regional Competitiveness","score":0.03970000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-economic-performance","display_name":"regional economic performance","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macroeconomic-indicators","display_name":"macroeconomic indicators","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-disparities","display_name":"regional disparities","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-regional-development","display_name":"sustainable regional development","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gdp-per-capita","display_name":"GDP per capita","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-rate","display_name":"employment rate","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unemployment-rate","display_name":"unemployment rate","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exports-and-imports","display_name":"exports and imports","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/istanbul","display_name":"Istanbul","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eastern-anatolia","display_name":"Eastern Anatolia","score":0.9990000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.4565746784210205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3753736615180969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.37306779623031616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148383697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781695","display_name":"Regional science","level":1,"score":0.36186739802360535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.35309574007987976}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su17115222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115222","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/11/5222/pdf?version=1749135687","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su17115222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115222","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/11/5222/pdf?version=1749135687","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6452000141143799,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411101331.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411101331.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008882151","https://openalex.org/W2056258586","https://openalex.org/W2597197747","https://openalex.org/W2803821333","https://openalex.org/W2901435174","https://openalex.org/W3004199077","https://openalex.org/W3044511068","https://openalex.org/W3134748233","https://openalex.org/W3204128365","https://openalex.org/W4213124131","https://openalex.org/W4311941179","https://openalex.org/W4319159017","https://openalex.org/W4366283458","https://openalex.org/W4380288799","https://openalex.org/W4381895332","https://openalex.org/W4387904288","https://openalex.org/W4400156318","https://openalex.org/W4400259844","https://openalex.org/W4406410072","https://openalex.org/W4406410074","https://openalex.org/W4406410101","https://openalex.org/W6772963408","https://openalex.org/W6795771257"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7117362347","https://openalex.org/W7223189159","https://openalex.org/W6920300382","https://openalex.org/W4403540083","https://openalex.org/W7140742544","https://openalex.org/W4387912871","https://openalex.org/W3091048616","https://openalex.org/W7140301881","https://openalex.org/W2905079464","https://openalex.org/W4295929887"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Macroeconomic":[0],"indicators":[1,28],"are":[2,58],"essential":[3],"measures":[4],"that":[5,152],"reflect":[6],"the":[7,49,53,64,111,122,134,138,153,157,161,199],"overall":[8],"economic":[9,147,206],"wellbeing":[10],"of":[11,36,44,52,67,83,99,141,201],"a":[12,18,34,76,131,168,190],"region":[13,155],"or":[14],"country":[15],"and":[16,73,104,119,193],"have":[17],"significant":[19],"impact":[20],"on":[21,26,89,204],"investment":[22],"decisions.":[23],"The":[24,106,149],"data":[25],"macroeconomic":[27,37,65,139],"for":[29],"Turkish":[30,68,142],"development":[31,50,69],"regions":[32,54,70,85,175],"facilitate":[33],"comparison":[35],"performance":[38,66,140,159],"between":[39,71],"these":[40],"regions.":[41],"This":[42,61,128,184],"kind":[43],"analysis":[45,79],"can":[46],"help":[47],"enhance":[48],"levels":[51],"while":[55,164,179],"ensuring":[56],"resources":[57],"used":[59],"efficiently.":[60],"study":[62,129,185],"compares":[63],"2019":[72],"2022":[74],"using":[75,110,121],"hybrid":[77],"multi-criteria":[78],"method.":[80,127],"A":[81],"total":[82],"26":[84],"were":[86,108],"evaluated":[87],"based":[88],"seven":[90],"criteria:":[91],"GDP,":[92],"GDP":[93],"per":[94],"capita,":[95],"employment":[96],"rate,":[97,103],"number":[98],"enterprises,":[100],"export,":[101],"unemployment":[102],"import.":[105],"criteria":[107],"weighted":[109],"Step-Wise":[112],"Weight":[113],"Assessment":[114],"Ratio":[115],"Analysis":[116],"(SWARA)":[117],"method":[118],"ranked":[120],"Combined":[123],"Compromise":[124],"Solution":[125],"(CoCoSo)":[126],"addresses":[130],"gap":[132],"in":[133],"literature":[135],"by":[136,188],"analyzing":[137],"regions,":[143],"aiming":[144],"to":[145,198],"reduce":[146],"disparities.":[148],"results":[150],"showed":[151],"Istanbul":[154],"had":[156,176],"best":[158],"over":[160],"4-year":[162],"period,":[163],"Eastern":[165],"Anatolia":[166],"experienced":[167],"consistently":[169],"declining":[170],"performance,":[171],"ranking":[172],"last.":[173],"Some":[174],"fluctuating":[177],"performances,":[178],"others":[180],"maintained":[181],"steady":[182],"outcomes.":[183],"advances":[186],"research":[187],"offering":[189],"more":[191],"reliable":[192],"comprehensive":[194],"analysis,":[195],"thereby":[196],"contributing":[197],"improvement":[200],"future":[202],"studies":[203],"regional":[205],"development.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
