{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411076206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05223-6","title":"Comparative performance and age dependence of tuberculin and defined antigen bovine tuberculosis skin tests assessed with Bayesian latent class analysis","display_name":"Comparative performance and age dependence of tuberculin and defined antigen bovine tuberculosis skin tests assessed with Bayesian latent class analysis","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411076206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05223-6","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40473835","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12141502"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-025-05223-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05223-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05223-6","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-05223-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-05223-6.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029438441","display_name":"Matios Lakew","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3023-8592","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3023-8592"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258527","display_name":"Animal Health Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00ttfz090","country_code":"ET","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4537092","display_name":"Addis Ababa University","ror":"https://ror.org/038b8e254","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matios Lakew","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. matioslakew@gmail.com","Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia. matioslakew@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. matioslakew@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia. matioslakew@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023824393","display_name":"Andrew J. K. Conlan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2593-6353","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2593-6353"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrew J. K. Conlan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Disease Dynamics Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. ajkc2@cam.ac.uk"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disease Dynamics Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. ajkc2@cam.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038386741","display_name":"Biniam Tadesse","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258527","display_name":"Animal Health Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00ttfz090","country_code":"ET","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Biniam Tadesse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014714237","display_name":"Sreenidhi Srinivasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8956-742X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8956-742X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154057602","display_name":"Henry Ford Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kwnkm68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154057602"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sreenidhi Srinivasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health Initiative, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health Initiative, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154057602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112863264","display_name":"Bekele Yalew","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258527","display_name":"Animal Health Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00ttfz090","country_code":"ET","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bekele Yalew","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073227895","display_name":"Teferi Benti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258527","display_name":"Animal Health Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00ttfz090","country_code":"ET","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teferi Benti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054558747","display_name":"Abebe Olani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3717-4202","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3717-4202"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258527","display_name":"Animal Health Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00ttfz090","country_code":"ET","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abebe Olani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044700402","display_name":"Getachew Kinfe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258527","display_name":"Animal Health Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00ttfz090","country_code":"ET","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Getachew Kinfe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068012125","display_name":"Tigist Ashagrie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258527","display_name":"Animal Health Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00ttfz090","country_code":"ET","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tigist Ashagrie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000860479","display_name":"Ashebir Abebe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5617-6174","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5617-6174"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258527","display_name":"Animal Health Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00ttfz090","country_code":"ET","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashebir Abebe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000390515","display_name":"Abebe Fromsa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9403-0328","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9403-0328"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4537092","display_name":"Addis Ababa University","ror":"https://ror.org/038b8e254","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abebe Fromsa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049960899","display_name":"Musse Girma Abdela","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1464-059X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1464-059X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4537092","display_name":"Addis Ababa University","ror":"https://ror.org/038b8e254","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Musse Girma Abdela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006941282","display_name":"Berecha Bayissa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7443-8203","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7443-8203"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160047","display_name":"National Veterinary Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0549pzy23","country_code":"ET","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160047"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Berecha Bayissa","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112291722","display_name":"Solomon Gebre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-3084","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-3084"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258527","display_name":"Animal Health Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00ttfz090","country_code":"ET","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Solomon Gebre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039624437","display_name":"Adane Mihret","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3183-4772","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3183-4772"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159743","display_name":"Armauer Hansen Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05mfff588","country_code":"ET","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159743"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adane Mihret","raw_affiliation_strings":["Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056649081","display_name":"Getnet Abie Mekonnen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7605-5433","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7605-5433"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258527","display_name":"Animal Health Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00ttfz090","country_code":"ET","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Getnet Abie Mekonnen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Animal Health Institute, P.O. Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057291424","display_name":"Gobena Ameni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3987-0671","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3987-0671"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201726411","display_name":"United Arab Emirates University","ror":"https://ror.org/01km6p862","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201726411"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4537092","display_name":"Addis Ababa University","ror":"https://ror.org/038b8e254","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}],"countries":["AE","ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gobena Ameni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201726411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102817244","display_name":"Hagos Ashenafi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4377-5434","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4377-5434"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4537092","display_name":"Addis Ababa University","ror":"https://ror.org/038b8e254","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hagos Ashenafi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053014239","display_name":"James L. N. Wood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0258-3188","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0258-3188"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James L. N. Wood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Disease Dynamics Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disease Dynamics Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083564335","display_name":"Balako Gumi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2049-4955","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2049-4955"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4537092","display_name":"Addis Ababa University","ror":"https://ror.org/038b8e254","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Balako Gumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016092254","display_name":"Vivek Kapur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9648-0138","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9648-0138"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vivek Kapur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. vxk1@psu.edu","Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. vxk1@psu.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. vxk1@psu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. vxk1@psu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016092254","https://openalex.org/A5023824393","https://openalex.org/A5029438441"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515","https://openalex.org/I241749","https://openalex.org/I4405258527","https://openalex.org/I4537092"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":4.5772,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94880148,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"19728","last_page":"19728"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.923799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.923799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11560","display_name":"Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology","score":0.04969999939203262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11316","display_name":"Mycobacterium research and diagnosis","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bovine-tuberculosis","display_name":"bovine tuberculosis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculin-skin-test","display_name":"tuberculin skin test","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bcg-vaccine","display_name":"BCG vaccine","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-reactivity","display_name":"cross-reactivity","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity-and-specificity","display_name":"sensitivity and specificity","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-latent-class-analysis","display_name":"Bayesian latent class analysis","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cattle","display_name":"cattle","score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bcg-vaccination","display_name":"BCG vaccination","score":0.597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferon-gamma-release-assay","display_name":"interferon-gamma release assay","score":0.4490000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776247216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29505","display_name":"Tuberculin","level":3,"score":0.836967408657074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70727504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806878","display_name":"Latent class model","level":2,"score":0.6258930563926697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.5618126392364502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992592512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29505","display_name":"Tuberculin test","level":4,"score":0.558171272277832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.5531778931617737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.5520607829093933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5378441214561462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779806340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4254929","display_name":"Latent tuberculosis","level":4,"score":0.5099567174911499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.47032487392425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.43312007188796997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992250361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85801456","display_name":"Skin test","level":3,"score":0.4160751700401306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21700707077980042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.20296308398246765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.18741047382354736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777975735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130971","display_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","level":3,"score":0.1712469458580017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.14341679215431213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1420697569847107}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077272","descriptor_name":"Latent Class Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000942","descriptor_name":"Antigens, Bacterial","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001500","descriptor_name":"BCG Vaccine","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002417","descriptor_name":"Cattle","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005002","descriptor_name":"Ethiopia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009163","descriptor_name":"Mycobacterium bovis","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014374","descriptor_name":"Tuberculin Test","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014374","descriptor_name":"Tuberculin Test","qualifier_ui":"Q000662","qualifier_name":"veterinary","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014380","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Bovine","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014380","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Bovine","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-025-05223-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05223-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05223-6","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-05223-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-5621295/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5621295/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5621295/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-5621295/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12141502","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12141502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sci Rep","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:40473835","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40473835","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/385204","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/385204","pdf_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstreams/b0553da3-0d07-4510-b932-a87d6307037c/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401777","display_name":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I241749","host_organization_name":"University of Cambridge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:eab6467440ed4c17b6277e6364920bb0","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/eab6467440ed4c17b6277e6364920bb0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-025-05223-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05223-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05223-6","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-05223-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8759888381","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"OPP1176950","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0456r8d26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320719","display_name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","ror":"https://ror.org/0101xrq71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330760","display_name":"Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office","ror":"https://ror.org/037wke960"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411076206.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411076206.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W275439756","https://openalex.org/W1414648288","https://openalex.org/W1836378753","https://openalex.org/W1942281831","https://openalex.org/W1972504405","https://openalex.org/W1975851557","https://openalex.org/W1977475734","https://openalex.org/W1979545658","https://openalex.org/W1987317873","https://openalex.org/W1994144154","https://openalex.org/W2008438772","https://openalex.org/W2021337850","https://openalex.org/W2029472337","https://openalex.org/W2039663724","https://openalex.org/W2055395128","https://openalex.org/W2055962544","https://openalex.org/W2058593603","https://openalex.org/W2069681083","https://openalex.org/W2091260449","https://openalex.org/W2093268197","https://openalex.org/W2093713302","https://openalex.org/W2100894095","https://openalex.org/W2118149725","https://openalex.org/W2118312563","https://openalex.org/W2131944204","https://openalex.org/W2132400817","https://openalex.org/W2137188070","https://openalex.org/W2157317601","https://openalex.org/W2160239525","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W2203714058","https://openalex.org/W2480829649","https://openalex.org/W2577537660","https://openalex.org/W2594794296","https://openalex.org/W2633329527","https://openalex.org/W2779432548","https://openalex.org/W2790432751","https://openalex.org/W2889860282","https://openalex.org/W2946854336","https://openalex.org/W2947398148","https://openalex.org/W2959371188","https://openalex.org/W2978245215","https://openalex.org/W3045210965","https://openalex.org/W3127264427","https://openalex.org/W3131517533","https://openalex.org/W3152553059","https://openalex.org/W3184693940","https://openalex.org/W4223632946","https://openalex.org/W4285388201","https://openalex.org/W4296896623","https://openalex.org/W4318442905","https://openalex.org/W4321372584","https://openalex.org/W4388945021","https://openalex.org/W4392106421","https://openalex.org/W4393279521","https://openalex.org/W4394010216"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4392106421","https://openalex.org/W2946854336","https://openalex.org/W3045210965","https://openalex.org/W3184693940","https://openalex.org/W2959371188","https://openalex.org/W4285388201","https://openalex.org/W3195061597","https://openalex.org/W2594794296","https://openalex.org/W2800744554","https://openalex.org/W4223632946"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tuberculin":[0],"skin":[1,20],"tests":[2,21,55,159,171],"(TST),":[3],"the":[4,32,39,74,86,100,114,213,231,245,248,252,267,270,277,300],"primary":[5],"diagnostic":[6,89,236],"tool":[7],"for":[8,142,207,244,302],"bovine":[9],"tuberculosis":[10],"(bTB),":[11],"cross-react":[12],"with":[13,196,222],"BCG":[14,209],"vaccine.":[15],"Recently":[16],"developed":[17],"defined":[18],"antigen":[19],"(DSTs)":[22],"aim":[23],"to":[24,44,78,82,102,147,155,186,199,229,265,297],"differentiate":[25],"infected":[26],"amongst":[27],"vaccinated":[28,201],"animals.":[29],"We":[30,72,132],"evaluated":[31],"field":[33,293],"performance":[34,233],"of":[35,38,54,85,88,99,215,220,234,247,255,269,276,279,286],"different":[36,235],"interpretations":[37],"TST":[40],"and":[41,46,97,106,123,152,188,284,289,306],"DSTs":[42,101,110,280],"relative":[43,232],"IGRA":[45],"IDEXX":[47],"M.":[48],"bovis":[49],"antibody":[50],"tests.":[51,237],"This":[52,167],"panel":[53],"was":[56],"assessed":[57],"in":[58,137,281,304],"446":[59],"unvaccinated":[60],"cattle":[61],"across":[62,164,170],"22":[63],"Ethiopian":[64],"dairy":[65],"herds":[66],"using":[67],"Bayesian":[68],"latent":[69,92,224],"class":[70,93,225],"models.":[71],"extended":[73],"standard":[75,218],"Walter-Hui":[76],"model":[77],"include":[79],"age-related":[80,135,176],"effects":[81],"explore":[83],"evidence":[84],"presence":[87],"anergy.":[90,177],"The":[91,109],"models":[94],"estimate":[95],"sensitivity":[96,119,128,163,185,246],"specificity":[98,121,130,192,268,278],"be":[103],"between":[104,113],"84-88%":[105],"79-85%":[107],"respectively.":[108],"perform":[111],"intermediately":[112],"comparative":[115],"intradermal":[116,125],"test":[117,126,138,287],"(CIT,":[118],"77%,":[120],"100%)":[122],"single":[124],"(SIT,":[127],"99%,":[129],"76%).":[131],"observed":[133],"significant":[134],"declines":[136],"sensitivity,":[139],"most":[140],"notably":[141],"CIT":[143,187],"(declining":[144],"from":[145],"75":[146],"52%":[148],"over":[149],"9":[150],"years)":[151],"DST10":[153],"(83%":[154],"68%),":[156],"while":[157],"other":[158],"showed":[160],"more":[161],"stable":[162],"age":[165],"groups.":[166],"variable":[168],"pattern":[169],"suggests":[172],"mechanisms":[173],"beyond":[174],"simple":[175],"Together,":[178],"these":[179],"findings":[180],"demonstrate":[181],"that":[182],"DSTs'":[183],"superior":[184],"comparable":[189],"or":[190],"better":[191],"than":[193],"SIT,":[194],"combined":[195],"their":[197],"ability":[198],"distinguish":[200],"animals,":[202],"creates":[203],"a":[204],"viable":[205],"pathway":[206],"implementing":[208],"vaccination":[210,305],"programs.":[211,308],"Given":[212],"absence":[214],"any":[216],"gold":[217],"definition":[219],"infection":[221],"bTB,":[223],"analyses":[226],"are":[227],"essential":[228,296],"assess":[230,266],"While":[238],"our":[239,258,262],"results":[240],"provide":[241],"encouraging":[242],"news":[243],"new":[249],"DST":[250],"tests,":[251],"high":[253],"prevalence":[254],"bTB":[256],"within":[257],"study":[259],"population":[260],"makes":[261],"design":[263],"underpowered":[264],"DSTs.":[271],"Future":[272],"research,":[273],"including":[274],"assessment":[275],"disease-free":[282],"populations":[283],"optimization":[285],"formulation":[288],"validation":[290],"through":[291],"large-scale":[292],"trials":[294],"is":[295],"fully":[298],"establish":[299],"case":[301],"use":[303],"surveillance":[307]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}