{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410240364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2025.22.25","title":"An Overview of Polymersomes and Their Shape Transformation into Stomatocytes for Use as Nanocarriers and Nanoreactors","display_name":"An Overview of Polymersomes and Their Shape Transformation into Stomatocytes for Use as Nanocarriers and Nanoreactors","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410240364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2025.22.25"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.37394/23208.2025.22.25","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2025.22.25","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2025.22.25","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2025.22.25","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192000","display_name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BIOLOGY AND BIOMEDICINE","issn_l":"1109-9518","issn":["1109-9518","2224-2902"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320666","host_organization_name":"World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320666"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BIOLOGY AND BIOMEDICINE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2025.22.25","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004827779","display_name":"Sara Santos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6249-3224","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6249-3224"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405263123","display_name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Albel Salazar","ror":"https://ror.org/02trb6b02","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I4405263123"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sofia C. Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, PORTUGAL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, PORTUGAL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I4405263123"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041005496","display_name":"Jorge Miguel Santos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9432-3171","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9432-3171"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738089","display_name":"Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/04h7zpy51","country_code":"PT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4392738089","https://openalex.org/I83863532"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83863532","display_name":"Universidade T\u00e9cnica do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/04988re48","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83863532"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge M. Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Porto, PORTUGAL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Porto, PORTUGAL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4392738089","https://openalex.org/I83863532"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0564402,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":null,"first_page":"248","last_page":"267"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10405","display_name":"Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization","score":0.8525000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10405","display_name":"Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization","score":0.8525000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10063","display_name":"Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery","score":0.10480000078678131,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11471","display_name":"Block Copolymer Self-Assembly","score":0.01899999938905239,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polymersomes","display_name":"polymersomes","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stomatocytes","display_name":"stomatocytes","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shape-change","display_name":"shape transformation","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amphiphilic-block-copolymers","display_name":"amphiphilic block copolymers","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-assembled-vesicles","display_name":"self-assembled vesicles","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanocarriers","display_name":"nanocarriers","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoreactors","display_name":"nanoreactors","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomimetic-vesicles","display_name":"biomimetic vesicles","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-encapsulation","display_name":"drug encapsulation","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanomedicine","display_name":"nanomedicine","score":0.7710000276565552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51115888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7226568","display_name":"Polymersome","level":5,"score":0.9606485366821289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18150654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17153796","display_name":"Nanocarriers","level":3,"score":0.8985528945922852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190818770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6964123","display_name":"Nanoreactor","level":3,"score":0.8164199590682983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.44055742025375366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.4199668765068054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2694883644580841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.24555784463882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779820397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1392806","display_name":"Drug delivery","level":2,"score":0.22089523077011108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155672457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231","display_name":"Nanoparticle","level":2,"score":0.1610211431980133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15920480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421281","display_name":"Copolymer","level":3,"score":0.09024494886398315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.08012983202934265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0638766884803772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67407626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5723218","display_name":"Amphiphile","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.37394/23208.2025.22.25","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2025.22.25","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2025.22.25","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2025.22.25","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192000","display_name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BIOLOGY AND BIOMEDICINE","issn_l":"1109-9518","issn":["1109-9518","2224-2902"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320666","host_organization_name":"World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320666"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BIOLOGY AND BIOMEDICINE","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.37394/23208.2025.22.25","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2025.22.25","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2025.22.25","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23208.2025.22.25","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192000","display_name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BIOLOGY AND BIOMEDICINE","issn_l":"1109-9518","issn":["1109-9518","2224-2902"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320666","host_organization_name":"World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320666"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BIOLOGY AND BIOMEDICINE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410240364.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410240364.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W841228436","https://openalex.org/W1965278057","https://openalex.org/W1968857212","https://openalex.org/W1970034438","https://openalex.org/W1970239046","https://openalex.org/W1970450836","https://openalex.org/W1976970707","https://openalex.org/W1980203040","https://openalex.org/W1987445545","https://openalex.org/W1988356401","https://openalex.org/W1991495276","https://openalex.org/W1995950736","https://openalex.org/W2000765182","https://openalex.org/W2000966264","https://openalex.org/W2004955040","https://openalex.org/W2010810389","https://openalex.org/W2012434595","https://openalex.org/W2018605761","https://openalex.org/W2020015356","https://openalex.org/W2029571739","https://openalex.org/W2030289380","https://openalex.org/W2039155953","https://openalex.org/W2042509700","https://openalex.org/W2046049104","https://openalex.org/W2046502000","https://openalex.org/W2046505197","https://openalex.org/W2051160517","https://openalex.org/W2052569796","https://openalex.org/W2053613167","https://openalex.org/W2060537561","https://openalex.org/W2068564076","https://openalex.org/W2070698808","https://openalex.org/W2081178923","https://openalex.org/W2087366565","https://openalex.org/W2089407496","https://openalex.org/W2090568310","https://openalex.org/W2093226236","https://openalex.org/W2104808978","https://openalex.org/W2106992895","https://openalex.org/W2113714042","https://openalex.org/W2118509324","https://openalex.org/W2120644189","https://openalex.org/W2121477526","https://openalex.org/W2130433105","https://openalex.org/W2141563472","https://openalex.org/W2143260041","https://openalex.org/W2144064321","https://openalex.org/W2144379019","https://openalex.org/W2150184000","https://openalex.org/W2150282613","https://openalex.org/W2159672669","https://openalex.org/W2167539127","https://openalex.org/W2171193481","https://openalex.org/W2171384411","https://openalex.org/W2273539714","https://openalex.org/W2292743908","https://openalex.org/W2334195094","https://openalex.org/W2344180621","https://openalex.org/W2401424569","https://openalex.org/W2431790842","https://openalex.org/W2472098856","https://openalex.org/W2511174248","https://openalex.org/W2520390708","https://openalex.org/W2563727891","https://openalex.org/W2586051342","https://openalex.org/W2588221525","https://openalex.org/W2725288470","https://openalex.org/W2750963164","https://openalex.org/W2765600808","https://openalex.org/W2793945018","https://openalex.org/W2797294918","https://openalex.org/W2890427706","https://openalex.org/W2891928201","https://openalex.org/W2913622111","https://openalex.org/W2949790597","https://openalex.org/W2973549649","https://openalex.org/W2999820851","https://openalex.org/W3004520828","https://openalex.org/W3012724050","https://openalex.org/W4233908458","https://openalex.org/W4241409678","https://openalex.org/W4255561970"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4283718823","https://openalex.org/W2947638174","https://openalex.org/W2137745478","https://openalex.org/W2918927183","https://openalex.org/W2795485038","https://openalex.org/W2124507707","https://openalex.org/W2803296333","https://openalex.org/W3037621638","https://openalex.org/W2050023967","https://openalex.org/W2431790842"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Polymersomes":[0],"are":[1],"self-assembled":[2],"vesicles":[3],"from":[4,61],"amphiphilic":[5],"block":[6],"copolymers,":[7],"bi-layered":[8],"with":[9,43,70,129],"a":[10,38,103],"spherical":[11],"morphology,":[12],"that":[13,57],"have":[14,19,63],"very":[15],"interesting":[16],"characteristics.":[17],"They":[18],"good":[20],"physical":[21],"and":[22,33,52,77,84],"chemical":[23],"stability;":[24],"several":[25],"changes":[26],"can":[27,35,58],"be":[28,59],"made":[29],"to":[30,46,92,106],"the":[31,53,65,71,80,88,97,100,108,119],"surface,":[32],"they":[34],"also":[36],"encapsulate":[37],"wide":[39],"range":[40],"of":[41,67,73,82,87,99,110,118,132],"molecules":[42],"different":[44,54],"affinities":[45],"water.":[47],"For":[48],"these":[49],"reasons,":[50],"polymersomes":[51,101],"non-spherical":[55],"shapes":[56],"obtained":[60],"them,":[62],"been":[64],"target":[66],"intense":[68],"research":[69],"ambition":[72],"creating":[74],"new":[75],"tools":[76],"structures":[78],"within":[79],"scope":[81],"biomimicry":[83],"nanomedicine.":[85],"One":[86],"main":[89],"challenges":[90],"is":[91,126],"establish":[93],"protocols":[94],"for":[95,123],"changing":[96],"shape":[98,124],"in":[102],"controlled":[104],"way,":[105],"expand":[107],"number":[109],"possible":[111],"applications.":[112,134],"In":[113],"this":[114],"work,":[115],"an":[116],"overview":[117],"most":[120],"important":[121],"methodologies":[122],"transformation":[125],"presented,":[127],"along":[128],"some":[130],"examples":[131],"stomatocyte":[133]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
