{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410128362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.202507187","title":"Valence Tautomerism and Alkaline Properties of Global Aromatic Imine\u2010 and Methine\u2010Bridged all\u2010Benzenoid Macrocyclic Superpyrazine and Supertriazine","display_name":"Valence Tautomerism and Alkaline Properties of Global Aromatic Imine\u2010 and Methine\u2010Bridged all\u2010Benzenoid Macrocyclic Superpyrazine and Supertriazine","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410128362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.202507187"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/ange.202507187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.202507187","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.202507187","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200754","display_name":"Angewandte Chemie","issn_l":"0044-8249","issn":["0044-8249","0932-2140","1521-3757"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Angewandte Chemie","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102735270","display_name":"Xinyue Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-3633","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-3633"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyue Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Intelligent Sensing and Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University  No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 China","Tianjin University Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science  CHINA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Intelligent Sensing and Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University  No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science  CHINA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060983834","display_name":"Zekun Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0587-3807","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0587-3807"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zekun Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Intelligent Sensing and Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University  No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 China","Tianjin University Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science  CHINA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Intelligent Sensing and Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University  No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science  CHINA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009545229","display_name":"Yi Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5000-8818","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5000-8818","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8416-9860","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1332-2466","https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2120-8561","https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4344-0825"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore  3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore","National University of Singapore Department of Chemistry  SINGAPORE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore  3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore Department of Chemistry  SINGAPORE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009259971","display_name":"Tao Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9516-4259","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9516-4259"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tingxi Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Intelligent Sensing and Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University  No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 China","Tianjin University Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science  CHINA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Intelligent Sensing and Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University  No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science  CHINA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068578727","display_name":"Johnathan Joo Cheng Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9533-6270","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9533-6270"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johnathan Joo Cheng Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore  3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore","National University of Singapore Department of Chemistry  SINGAPORE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore  3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore Department of Chemistry  SINGAPORE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026128903","display_name":"Chunyan Chi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4677-3546","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4677-3546"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunyan Chi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore  3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore","National University of Singapore Department of Chemistry  3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore SINGAPORE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore  3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore Department of Chemistry  3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore SINGAPORE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034743329","display_name":"Shaoqiang Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7498-145X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7498-145X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaoqiang Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Intelligent Sensing and Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University  No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 China","Tianjin University Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science  No. 92, Weijin Road 300072 Tianjin CHINA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Intelligent Sensing and Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University  No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University Ministry of Education &amp; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science  No. 92, Weijin Road 300072 Tianjin CHINA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5790},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05376562,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"137","issue":"28","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11298","display_name":"Synthesis and Properties of Aromatic Compounds","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11298","display_name":"Synthesis and Properties of Aromatic Compounds","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12653","display_name":"Cyclization and Aryne Chemistry","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10578","display_name":"Supramolecular Chemistry and Complexes","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/valence-tautomerism","display_name":"valence tautomerism","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-aromaticity","display_name":"global aromaticity","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kekule-structures","display_name":"Kekul\u00e9 structures","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protonation","display_name":"protonation","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dianion","display_name":"dianion","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redox-switching","display_name":"redox switching","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pi-electron-delocalization","display_name":"\u03c0-electron delocalization","score":0.765999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111233374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334640","display_name":"Tautomer","level":2,"score":0.869249701499939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776573223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408057","display_name":"Imine","level":3,"score":0.8082413673400879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.684616208076477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168900304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171407","display_name":"Valence (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.631300687789917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192386470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210390","display_name":"Aromaticity","level":3,"score":0.5275275707244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147597530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369472","display_name":"Computational chemistry","level":1,"score":0.33638471364974976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71240020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186011","display_name":"Stereochemistry","level":1,"score":0.29679614305496216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.2516006827354431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32909587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11369","display_name":"Molecule","level":2,"score":0.0879652202129364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.06416204571723938}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/ange.202507187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.202507187","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.202507187","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200754","display_name":"Angewandte Chemie","issn_l":"0044-8249","issn":["0044-8249","0932-2140","1521-3757"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Angewandte Chemie","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G52608766","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22175128","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504110636","https://openalex.org/W1524660474","https://openalex.org/W1965503042","https://openalex.org/W1985137179","https://openalex.org/W1993817579","https://openalex.org/W1999119115","https://openalex.org/W2039850166","https://openalex.org/W2051146701","https://openalex.org/W2056137417","https://openalex.org/W2067570011","https://openalex.org/W2069597594","https://openalex.org/W2070005238","https://openalex.org/W2077199135","https://openalex.org/W2090600515","https://openalex.org/W2103085066","https://openalex.org/W2118767119","https://openalex.org/W2132525235","https://openalex.org/W2150988255","https://openalex.org/W2161311525","https://openalex.org/W2167188767","https://openalex.org/W2222040778","https://openalex.org/W2314580487","https://openalex.org/W2326018761","https://openalex.org/W2328441210","https://openalex.org/W2330084287","https://openalex.org/W2492101850","https://openalex.org/W2518057165","https://openalex.org/W2562131784","https://openalex.org/W2563098883","https://openalex.org/W2587979203","https://openalex.org/W2604302222","https://openalex.org/W2897058244","https://openalex.org/W2951054596","https://openalex.org/W2951354284","https://openalex.org/W2957151416","https://openalex.org/W2967224977","https://openalex.org/W2977886801","https://openalex.org/W3000402379","https://openalex.org/W3002414675","https://openalex.org/W3011585373","https://openalex.org/W3125604937","https://openalex.org/W3185996785","https://openalex.org/W4231884354","https://openalex.org/W4235964473","https://openalex.org/W4238530521","https://openalex.org/W4239785696","https://openalex.org/W4240217100","https://openalex.org/W4248233197","https://openalex.org/W4248241262","https://openalex.org/W4282039428","https://openalex.org/W4289549780","https://openalex.org/W4289549858","https://openalex.org/W4293103757","https://openalex.org/W4293103784","https://openalex.org/W4386592530","https://openalex.org/W4391052191","https://openalex.org/W4391052424","https://openalex.org/W4399239073","https://openalex.org/W4400269848","https://openalex.org/W4400295538","https://openalex.org/W4403198714"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W564801998","https://openalex.org/W2051104395","https://openalex.org/W1995803601","https://openalex.org/W4297103231","https://openalex.org/W2006553579","https://openalex.org/W2070940942","https://openalex.org/W2015887350","https://openalex.org/W2106027604","https://openalex.org/W2361129091","https://openalex.org/W2082158222"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,75],"comprehensive":[2],"understanding":[3],"of":[4,9,43,79],"the":[5,49,86],"ground\u2010state":[6],"electronic":[7,160],"structures":[8,62],"all\u2010benzenoid":[10,31,165],"macrocycles":[11],"and":[12,29,37,45,63,116,130,176],"their":[13,54,98],"charged":[14],"species,":[15],"particularly":[16],"those":[17],"exhibiting":[18,141],"global":[19,80,124,144],"(anti)aromaticity,":[20],"remains":[21],"poorly":[22],"resolved.":[23],"Here,":[24],"we":[25,52],"present":[26],"two":[27],"imine\u2010":[28],"methine\u2010bridged":[30],"[6]cyclo\u2010":[32],"para":[33],"\u2010phenylenes":[34],"SPAZ":[35,107],"(superpyrazine)":[36],"STAZ":[38,111],"(supertriazine)\u2010designed":[39],"as":[40],"\u03c0\u2010extended":[41],"analogues":[42],"1,4\u2010pyrazine":[44],"1,3,5\u2010triazine,":[46],"respectively.":[47],"For":[48],"first":[50],"time,":[51],"elucidate":[53],"unprecedented":[55],"valence":[56],"tautomerism":[57],"between":[58],"\u201csuper\u2010Kekul\u00e9\u201d":[59],"alternating":[60],"benzenoid/quinoidal":[61],"a":[64,70,103,138,156],"\u201csuper\u2010sextet\u201d":[65],"transient":[66],"structure,":[67],"mediated":[68],"by":[69],"30\u03c0":[71],"azaannulene":[72],"conjugated":[73],"pathway.":[74,152],"aromatic":[76,81],"stabilization":[77],"energy":[78,87],"delocalization":[82],"would":[83],"partially":[84],"counterbalance":[85],"penalty":[88],"for":[89,106,110,158],"disrupting":[90],"three":[91],"benzenoid":[92],"sextets.":[93],"Further":[94],"protonation":[95],"studies":[96],"demonstrate":[97],"alkaline":[99],"characteristics":[100],"(p":[101],"K":[102],"=":[104],"0.97":[105],";":[108],"3.27":[109],"),":[112],"with":[113,146],"diprotonated":[114],"SPAZ\u2010DH":[115],"monoprotonated":[117],"STAZ\u2010MH":[118],"adopting":[119],"planarized":[120],"geometries":[121],"that":[122],"amplify":[123],"aromaticity":[125,170],"through":[126,173],"charge\u2010induced":[127],"structural":[128],"constraints":[129],"enhanced":[131],"\u03c0\u2010electron":[132],"delocalization.":[133],"Notably,":[134],"two\u2010electron":[135],"reduction":[136],"generates":[137],"dianion":[139],"SPAZ\u2010DA":[140],"32\u03c0":[142],"electron":[143],"antiaromaticity":[145],"amine":[147],"N":[148],"atom":[149],"embedded":[150],"aza[30]annulene":[151],"These":[153],"findings":[154],"establish":[155],"framework":[157],"decoding":[159],"structure":[161],"property":[162],"relationships":[163],"in":[164],"macrocycles,":[166],"offering":[167],"insights":[168],"into":[169],"modulated":[171],"regulations":[172],"tautomerism,":[174],"protonation,":[175],"redox":[177],"switching.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
