{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410079443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001471","title":"Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)","display_name":"Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410079443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001471"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/ipc.0000000000001471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001471","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172423242","display_name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","issn_l":"1056-9103","issn":["1056-9103","1536-9943"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001471","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000967485","display_name":"Amin Sadeghi Dousari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8753-9599","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8753-9599"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I235686326","display_name":"Kerman University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxbqc24","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I235686326"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amin Sadeghi Dousari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8753-9599","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I235686326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005759982","display_name":"Naghmeh Satarzadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7500-0924","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7500-0924"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I235686326","display_name":"Kerman University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxbqc24","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I235686326"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naghmeh Satarzadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7500-0924","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I235686326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082260469","display_name":"Bagher Amirheidari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1086-4286","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1086-4286"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bagher Amirheidari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1086-4286","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014219483","display_name":"Mojtaba Shakibaie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8544-6551","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8544-6551","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5733-4496"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mojtaba Shakibaie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8544-6551","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040029210","display_name":"Hamid Forootanfar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-7674","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-7674"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Forootanfar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-7674","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.732,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67877079,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10195","display_name":"Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10195","display_name":"Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11153","display_name":"Streptococcal Infections and Treatments","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11288","display_name":"Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxic-shock-syndrome","display_name":"toxic shock syndrome","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/staphylococcus-aureus","display_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streptococcus-pyogenes","display_name":"Streptococcus pyogenes","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxin-mediated-disease","display_name":"toxin-mediated disease","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/menstrual-toxic-shock-syndrome","display_name":"menstrual toxic shock syndrome","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxin-production-regulation","display_name":"toxin production regulation","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnosis","display_name":"diagnosis","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prevention","display_name":"prevention","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment","display_name":"treatment","score":0.8769999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779821349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128440","display_name":"Toxic shock syndrome","level":4,"score":0.9619609117507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8532463312149048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779489039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188121","display_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","level":3,"score":0.6753101348876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777367657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184651","display_name":"Toxin","level":2,"score":0.6527422070503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131271","display_name":"Streptococcus pyogenes","level":4,"score":0.6460278630256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781300812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178061","display_name":"Shock (circulatory)","level":2,"score":0.620002806186676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5647144317626953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.40089207887649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3731731176376343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.34591400623321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3283056616783142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2418060600757599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.11951944231987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/ipc.0000000000001471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001471","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172423242","display_name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","issn_l":"1056-9103","issn":["1056-9103","1536-9943"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/ipc.0000000000001471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001471","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172423242","display_name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","issn_l":"1056-9103","issn":["1056-9103","1536-9943"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W127715107","https://openalex.org/W1174404739","https://openalex.org/W1559347919","https://openalex.org/W1783030799","https://openalex.org/W1824328278","https://openalex.org/W1876613901","https://openalex.org/W1911762917","https://openalex.org/W1965087674","https://openalex.org/W1965208429","https://openalex.org/W1972935467","https://openalex.org/W1974715066","https://openalex.org/W1977502717","https://openalex.org/W1980630191","https://openalex.org/W1980814859","https://openalex.org/W1982285611","https://openalex.org/W1984567610","https://openalex.org/W2006433996","https://openalex.org/W2011250547","https://openalex.org/W2013500519","https://openalex.org/W2015850543","https://openalex.org/W2020374715","https://openalex.org/W2022543930","https://openalex.org/W2030130378","https://openalex.org/W2035841939","https://openalex.org/W2037775674","https://openalex.org/W2041335372","https://openalex.org/W2041812843","https://openalex.org/W2042146489","https://openalex.org/W2050137315","https://openalex.org/W2058345574","https://openalex.org/W2077869269","https://openalex.org/W2083339100","https://openalex.org/W2090991396","https://openalex.org/W2092254185","https://openalex.org/W2093618066","https://openalex.org/W2101336752","https://openalex.org/W2106430848","https://openalex.org/W2111438490","https://openalex.org/W2117421491","https://openalex.org/W2117843126","https://openalex.org/W2129054617","https://openalex.org/W2131272563","https://openalex.org/W2135616296","https://openalex.org/W2139509969","https://openalex.org/W2155255925","https://openalex.org/W2155894257","https://openalex.org/W2161214915","https://openalex.org/W2161358581","https://openalex.org/W2162000793","https://openalex.org/W2163246223","https://openalex.org/W2171173595","https://openalex.org/W2171531154","https://openalex.org/W2274210061","https://openalex.org/W2300793209","https://openalex.org/W2315887807","https://openalex.org/W2416544145","https://openalex.org/W2462928578","https://openalex.org/W2542201847","https://openalex.org/W2560392880","https://openalex.org/W2783381649","https://openalex.org/W2790912084","https://openalex.org/W2792531953","https://openalex.org/W2794718967","https://openalex.org/W2883149624","https://openalex.org/W2883463520","https://openalex.org/W2892129325","https://openalex.org/W2902669402","https://openalex.org/W2916494522","https://openalex.org/W2947395949","https://openalex.org/W3032774137","https://openalex.org/W3033415599","https://openalex.org/W3121864975","https://openalex.org/W3128982509","https://openalex.org/W3167417243","https://openalex.org/W4211016618"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2462510459","https://openalex.org/W164563330","https://openalex.org/W2414117010","https://openalex.org/W2074318374","https://openalex.org/W2412701081","https://openalex.org/W2414338101","https://openalex.org/W2018107332","https://openalex.org/W2048502447","https://openalex.org/W1542821237","https://openalex.org/W981485464"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Toxic":[1],"shock":[2,75],"syndrome":[3,76],"or":[4],"TSS":[5,60],"is":[6,32],"a":[7],"severe,":[8],"life-threatening,":[9],"toxin-mediated":[10],"disease":[11,41],"induced":[12],"mainly":[13],"by":[14],"bacteria,":[15],"particularly":[16],"Staphylococcus":[17],"aureus":[18,21],"(":[19,26],"S.":[20,27],")":[22],"and":[23,30,37,58,91,99,103],"Streptococcus":[24],"pyogenes":[25,28],"),":[29],"it":[31],"fatal":[33],"if":[34],"not":[35],"recognized":[36],"treated":[38],"suitably.":[39],"This":[40,68],"can":[42],"diverge":[43],"into":[44],"two":[45],"types":[46],"depending":[47],"on":[48],"the":[49,83,87],"location":[50],"of":[51,85,89,93],"infection":[52],"including":[53,78],"menstrual":[54,56],"(using":[55],"tampons)":[57],"nonmenstrual":[59],"(surgical":[61],"wound":[62,65],"infections,":[63],"postpartum":[64],"infection,":[66],"etc.).":[67],"review":[69],"aims":[70],"to":[71],"study":[72],"comprehensive":[73],"toxic":[74],"(TSS)":[77],"history,":[79],"epidemiology,":[80],"causing":[81],"organisms,":[82],"function":[84],"toxin,":[86],"structure":[88],"toxins,":[90],"regulation":[92],"toxin":[94],"production,":[95],"risk":[96],"factors,":[97],"signs":[98],"symptoms,":[100],"diagnosis,":[101],"prevention,":[102],"treatment.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-24T07:57:37.273135","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}