{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410073301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59324/ejeba.2025.2(3).01","title":"The Role of AZT (Azidothymidine) in the Treatment of HIV and AIDS","display_name":"The Role of AZT (Azidothymidine) in the Treatment of HIV and AIDS","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410073301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59324/ejeba.2025.2(3).01"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.59324/ejeba.2025.2(3).01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59324/ejeba.2025.2(3).01","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.59324/ejeba.2025.2(3).01","pdf_url":"https://ejeba.com/index.php/journal/article/download/96/82","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404669924","display_name":"European journal of ecology, biology and agriculture.","issn_l":"3041-1580","issn":["3041-1580"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Ecology, Biology and Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ejeba.com/index.php/journal/article/download/96/82","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104298390","display_name":"Hasan Jasim Hami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0336-1039","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0336-1039"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202735123","display_name":"Thi Qar University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ypa8k59","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202735123"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hasan Jasim Hami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biology department, College of Science, University of Thi Qar, Thi Qar, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biology department, College of Science, University of Thi Qar, Thi Qar, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202735123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117429947","display_name":"Ayam Al Anisi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405257924","display_name":"Ministry of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/05tqgjy81","country_code":"IQ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405257924"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayam Al Anisi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Education Directorate of Thi-Qar, Ministry of Edueatron, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Education Directorate of Thi-Qar, Ministry of Edueatron, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405257924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117429948","display_name":"Elahe Vadayekheiry","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183859904","display_name":"Islamic Azad University, Mashhad","ror":"https://ror.org/00bvysh61","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I183859904"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elahe Vadayekheiry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research center for Animal Applied Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research center for Animal Applied Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183859904"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092863207","display_name":"Amal F. Al-Gorani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202735123","display_name":"Thi Qar University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ypa8k59","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202735123"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amal F. Al-Gorani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biology department, College of Science, University of Thi Qar, Thi Qar, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biology department, College of Science, University of Thi Qar, Thi Qar, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202735123"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014214222","display_name":"Nuha Jabbar Alrikaby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5598-0227","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5598-0227"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202735123","display_name":"Thi Qar University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ypa8k59","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202735123"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jabbar Alrikaby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biology department, College of Science, University of Thi Qar, Thi Qar, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biology department, College of Science, University of Thi Qar, Thi Qar, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202735123"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11560262,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"3","first_page":"3","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10526","display_name":"HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10526","display_name":"HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zidovudine","display_name":"zidovudine","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv","display_name":"HIV","score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aids","display_name":"AIDS","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiretroviral-therapy","display_name":"antiretroviral therapy","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiviral-agents","display_name":"antiviral agents","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-target","display_name":"therapeutic target","score":0.4309999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780216070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198504","display_name":"Zidovudine","level":4,"score":0.8124862313270569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.671660304069519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.5985021591186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3835558295249939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.3704673647880554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780727368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928978","display_name":"Viral disease","level":3,"score":0.07972705364227295}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.59324/ejeba.2025.2(3).01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59324/ejeba.2025.2(3).01","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.59324/ejeba.2025.2(3).01","pdf_url":"https://ejeba.com/index.php/journal/article/download/96/82","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404669924","display_name":"European journal of ecology, biology and agriculture.","issn_l":"3041-1580","issn":["3041-1580"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Ecology, Biology and Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.59324/ejeba.2025.2(3).01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59324/ejeba.2025.2(3).01","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.59324/ejeba.2025.2(3).01","pdf_url":"https://ejeba.com/index.php/journal/article/download/96/82","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404669924","display_name":"European journal of ecology, biology and agriculture.","issn_l":"3041-1580","issn":["3041-1580"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Ecology, Biology and Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410073301.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410073301.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482773835","https://openalex.org/W1541436226","https://openalex.org/W1553628136","https://openalex.org/W1891945058","https://openalex.org/W1965757633","https://openalex.org/W1968873679","https://openalex.org/W1974197466","https://openalex.org/W1974445593","https://openalex.org/W1976604790","https://openalex.org/W1977282539","https://openalex.org/W1978540833","https://openalex.org/W1981164507","https://openalex.org/W1992134901","https://openalex.org/W1994217580","https://openalex.org/W1996183144","https://openalex.org/W2008736019","https://openalex.org/W2008954911","https://openalex.org/W2016257631","https://openalex.org/W2028087787","https://openalex.org/W2031991206","https://openalex.org/W2032596641","https://openalex.org/W2056357424","https://openalex.org/W2059868174","https://openalex.org/W2059933091","https://openalex.org/W2061566909","https://openalex.org/W2067371216","https://openalex.org/W2076562284","https://openalex.org/W2086186867","https://openalex.org/W2092885068","https://openalex.org/W2096208807","https://openalex.org/W2098605123","https://openalex.org/W2098800671","https://openalex.org/W2102696271","https://openalex.org/W2110488501","https://openalex.org/W2113282092","https://openalex.org/W2119550842","https://openalex.org/W2152270852","https://openalex.org/W2172339798","https://openalex.org/W2175587549","https://openalex.org/W2177271924","https://openalex.org/W2316666042","https://openalex.org/W2330220433","https://openalex.org/W2408981699","https://openalex.org/W2594396234","https://openalex.org/W2953379328","https://openalex.org/W2969584959","https://openalex.org/W3087530754","https://openalex.org/W4247968578","https://openalex.org/W4256221661","https://openalex.org/W6614874448"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3031052312","https://openalex.org/W4389568370","https://openalex.org/W3032375762","https://openalex.org/W1995515455","https://openalex.org/W2080531066","https://openalex.org/W3108674512","https://openalex.org/W1506200166","https://openalex.org/W1489783725"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"AIDS":[0],"(Acquired":[1],"Immune":[2],"Deficiency":[3],"Syndrome)":[4],"is":[5,73,79],"one":[6,74],"of":[7,39,48,75,87,100],"the":[8,14,19,27,37,80,85,94,98],"threats":[9],"to":[10],"global":[11],"health":[12],"in":[13,36,84,97],"past":[15],"several":[16,64],"years,":[17],"since":[18],"beginning,":[20],"many":[21],"study":[22],"and":[23,34,78],"research":[24],"groups":[25,65],"around":[26],"world":[28],"are":[29,44,61],"looking":[30],"for":[31],"effective":[32],"methods":[33],"drugs":[35,49,60,77],"treatment":[38,86,99],"this":[40,90],"virus,":[41],"currently":[42],"there":[43],"a":[45],"large":[46],"number":[47],"that":[50],"have":[51,55],"antiviral":[52],"activity.":[53],"They":[54],"been":[56],"clinically":[57],"evaluated.":[58],"These":[59],"divided":[62],"into":[63],"based":[66],"on":[67],"their":[68],"biological":[69],"targets.":[70],"Azidothymidine":[71],"(AZT)":[72],"these":[76],"first":[81],"drug":[82,96],"synthesized":[83],"AIDS.":[88,101],"In":[89],"article,":[91],"we":[92],"review":[93],"AZT":[95]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
