{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410054860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.90400164","title":"Women Involvement in Terrorism: A Critical Look at their Roles in Some Selected Terrorist Organizations","display_name":"Women Involvement in Terrorism: A Critical Look at their Roles in Some Selected Terrorist Organizations","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410054860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.90400164"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.47772/ijriss.2025.90400164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.90400164","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.90400164","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210198394","display_name":"International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science","issn_l":"2454-6186","issn":["2454-6186"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151132484","display_name":"Dr. Imoisili Happiness Akunna","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Happiness Akunna Imoisili","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066931524","display_name":"Adekunle Saheed Ajisebiyawo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5581-9695","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5581-9695"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adekunle Saheed Ajisebiyawo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040593156","display_name":"Babatunde Agara","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Babatunde Agara","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"IX","issue":"IV","first_page":"2174","last_page":"2188"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10994","display_name":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10994","display_name":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11863","display_name":"Gender, Security, and Conflict","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14110","display_name":"Islamic Studies and Radicalism","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-terrorism","display_name":"women in terrorism","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-combatants","display_name":"women in combat","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suicide-bombers","display_name":"suicide bombers","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrorist-recruitment","display_name":"terrorist recruitment","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamas","display_name":"Hamas","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/al-qaeda","display_name":"al-Qaeda","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isis","display_name":"ISIS","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boko-haram","display_name":"Boko Haram","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patriarchy","display_name":"patriarchy","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-oppression","display_name":"gender oppression","score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radicalization","display_name":"radicalization","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deradicalization","display_name":"deradicalization","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feminist-perspectives","display_name":"feminist perspectives","score":0.6520000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203133693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7283","display_name":"Terrorism","level":2,"score":0.9617262482643127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.4964640736579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4567616283893585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.30023038387298584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09990781545639038}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.47772/ijriss.2025.90400164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.90400164","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.90400164","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210198394","display_name":"International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science","issn_l":"2454-6186","issn":["2454-6186"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.9444000124931335,"display_name":"Gender equality"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4074000120162964,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2749049521","https://openalex.org/W4394605939","https://openalex.org/W4410860837","https://openalex.org/W4240477973","https://openalex.org/W3022442571","https://openalex.org/W3015042904","https://openalex.org/W4389546016","https://openalex.org/W7220427738","https://openalex.org/W4399464149","https://openalex.org/W7009616740"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Women\u2019s":[0],"involvement":[1,76,104,164,183,203,231],"in":[2,16,34,57,77,101,105,122,165,184,204,218,232,264,286],"terrorism":[3,106,185,205,233],"has":[4],"become":[5],"a":[6,70,83,139,177,208,226,257],"pressing":[7],"concern":[8],"globally,":[9],"with":[10],"increasing":[11],"numbers":[12],"of":[13,32,48,86,112,141,155,162,181,211,216,229,239,259,279],"women":[14,33,53,182,217,255,277],"participating":[15],"terrorist":[17,36,78,124,220,265],"activities,":[18],"including":[19,38,60,88,143],"combat,":[20],"suicide":[21,62],"bombings":[22],"and":[23,30,42,65,93,115,131,148,159,186,214,234,242,247,274],"recruitment.":[24],"This":[25,134,150],"paper":[26,97,135,151,195,224,252],"examined":[27,119],"the":[28,99,120,153,157,170,198,212,237],"roles":[29,56,213,289],"motivations":[31,215],"selected":[35,219],"organizations,":[37],"Hamas,":[39],"Al-Qaeda,":[40],"ISIS,":[41],"Boko":[43],"Haram.":[44],"A":[45],"critical":[46,209],"analysis":[47,210],"existing":[49,199],"literature":[50,200],"reveals":[51],"that":[52,74,254,290],"play":[54,256],"various":[55],"these":[58,127],"organizations":[59],"combatants,":[61,272],"bombers,":[63],"recruiters":[64],"fundraising.":[66],"The":[67,96,194],"study":[68],"adopted":[69],"feminist":[71],"perspective,":[72],"arguing":[73],"women\u2019s":[75,103,163,202,230],"is":[79,107],"often":[80],"driven":[81],"by":[82,109,206],"complex":[84,158],"mix":[85],"factors,":[87],"socio-economic":[89],"marginalization,":[90],"political":[91],"oppression":[92],"ideological":[94],"manipulation.":[95],"explored":[98],"ways":[100],"which":[102,123],"shaped":[108],"their":[110,280],"experiences":[111,128],"patriarchy,":[113],"oppression,":[114],"marginalization.":[116],"It":[117,167],"also":[118,168],"way":[121],"organization":[125],"exploits":[126],"to":[129,175,187,191,197,235,244],"recruit":[130],"radicalize":[132],"women.":[133],"drew":[136],"data":[137],"from":[138],"range":[140],"sources":[142],"academic":[144],"papers,":[145],"policy":[146,173],"documents":[147],"reports.":[149],"highlighted":[152],"importance":[154],"understanding":[156,180,228],"multifaceted":[160],"nature":[161],"terrorism.":[166],"underscored":[169],"need":[171],"for":[172],"makers":[174],"seek":[176],"more":[178],"nuanced":[179],"develop":[188],"targeted":[189],"strategies":[190,243],"prevent":[192,245],"radicalization.":[193],"contributed":[196],"on":[201],"providing":[207],"organization.":[221],"Overall,":[222],"this":[223,251],"provided":[225],"comprehensive":[227],"inform":[236],"development":[238],"effective":[240],"policies":[241],"radicalization":[246],"promote":[248],"deradicalization.":[249],"Also,":[250],"found":[253],"variety":[258],"roles,":[260],"sometimes":[261],"even":[262],"more,":[263],"organizations.":[266],"Men":[267],"do":[268],"feature":[269,285],"mainly":[270],"as":[271],"leaders,":[273],"planners,":[275],"whereas":[276],"because":[278],"natural":[281],"advantage":[282],"over":[283],"men,":[284],"many":[287],"other":[288],"men":[291],"cannot":[292],"apparently":[293],"featured.":[294]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-13T10:08:12.033832","created_date":"2025-05-04T00:00:00"}