{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409999384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions6020031","title":"Fischer\u2013Tropsch Synthesis: Effect of CO Conversion over Ru/NaY Catalyst","display_name":"Fischer\u2013Tropsch Synthesis: Effect of CO Conversion over Ru/NaY Catalyst","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409999384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions6020031"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/reactions6020031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions6020031","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions6020031","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2624-781X/6/2/31/pdf?version=1746085323","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207985","display_name":"Reactions","issn_l":"2624-781X","issn":["2624-781X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reactions","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2624-781X/6/2/31/pdf?version=1746085323","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100923986","display_name":"Wenping Ma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenping Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054594859","display_name":"Jia Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2924-0302","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2924-0302"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA","College of Smart Energy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Smart Energy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077983914","display_name":"Gary Jacobs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0691-6717","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0691-6717"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45438204","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio","ror":"https://ror.org/01kd65564","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary Jacobs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA","Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA","Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0691-6717","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061077281","display_name":"Robert B. Pace","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2764-2631","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2764-2631"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Pace","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA","Electron Microscopy Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2764-2631","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electron Microscopy Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103838653","display_name":"Dali Qian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dali Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA","Electron Microscopy Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electron Microscopy Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100923986"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"],"apc_list":{"value":1000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1207},"apc_paid":{"value":1000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1207},"fwci":0.4107,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44901961,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"2","first_page":"31","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10495","display_name":"Catalysts for Methane Reforming","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1503","display_name":"Catalysis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10495","display_name":"Catalysts for Methane Reforming","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1503","display_name":"Catalysis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11593","display_name":"Carbon dioxide utilization in catalysis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1508","display_name":"Process Chemistry and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fischer-tropsch-synthesis","display_name":"Fischer-Tropsch synthesis","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-conversion","display_name":"CO conversion","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ruthenium-catalysts","display_name":"ruthenium catalysts","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methane-selectivity","display_name":"methane selectivity","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c5-selectivity","display_name":"C5+ selectivity","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/olefin-formation","display_name":"olefin formation","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-adsorption","display_name":"water adsorption","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-gas-shift-reaction","display_name":"water-gas shift reaction","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-stirred-tank-reactor","display_name":"continuous stirred tank reactor","score":0.7049999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62192006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654400","display_name":"Fischer\u2013Tropsch process","level":4,"score":0.9655725955963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.7794058322906494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555196967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1086","display_name":"Ruthenium","level":3,"score":0.4424113631248474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4388504922389984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.42201489210128784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.34210753440856934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.33854082226753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.1656106412410736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07888278365135193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118792377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108584245","display_name":"Selectivity","level":3,"score":0.07780733704566956}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/reactions6020031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions6020031","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions6020031","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2624-781X/6/2/31/pdf?version=1746085323","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207985","display_name":"Reactions","issn_l":"2624-781X","issn":["2624-781X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reactions","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:69ab08f094db4269a97cc29c56f7f2fc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/69ab08f094db4269a97cc29c56f7f2fc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Reactions, Vol 6, Iss 2, p 31 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/reactions6020031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions6020031","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions6020031","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2624-781X/6/2/31/pdf?version=1746085323","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207985","display_name":"Reactions","issn_l":"2624-781X","issn":["2624-781X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reactions","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.75}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409999384.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409999384.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964246311","https://openalex.org/W1967796261","https://openalex.org/W1971467511","https://openalex.org/W1971751755","https://openalex.org/W1975878087","https://openalex.org/W1983574291","https://openalex.org/W1984458237","https://openalex.org/W1990875903","https://openalex.org/W1997584174","https://openalex.org/W2003704468","https://openalex.org/W2016243487","https://openalex.org/W2016399095","https://openalex.org/W2018511469","https://openalex.org/W2046691272","https://openalex.org/W2051302811","https://openalex.org/W2054900848","https://openalex.org/W2055393736","https://openalex.org/W2058271177","https://openalex.org/W2068073342","https://openalex.org/W2077945255","https://openalex.org/W2080308899","https://openalex.org/W2085179439","https://openalex.org/W2085475154","https://openalex.org/W2117143268","https://openalex.org/W2134033524","https://openalex.org/W2135830576","https://openalex.org/W2214843494","https://openalex.org/W2331704353","https://openalex.org/W2521657349","https://openalex.org/W2587974779","https://openalex.org/W2766228211","https://openalex.org/W2801005166","https://openalex.org/W2906022918","https://openalex.org/W2922016907","https://openalex.org/W2931929631","https://openalex.org/W3136907192","https://openalex.org/W4236507739","https://openalex.org/W4250470491"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2025470032","https://openalex.org/W2182429698","https://openalex.org/W2950970168","https://openalex.org/W4235380182","https://openalex.org/W4317209041","https://openalex.org/W1966584737","https://openalex.org/W2065895923","https://openalex.org/W2997378197"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unlike":[0],"on":[1,10,141,146,154,177,236,265,269,284,295],"Fe":[2,60,156,193,245],"and":[3,39,61,69,74,87,92,110,120,129,143,157,164,194,222,243,273,288],"Co":[4,62,158,240,297],"catalysts,":[5,159],"the":[6,23,107,126,137,147,150,155,173,181,192,260,270,285,296],"CO":[7,41,138,170,174,197,262],"conversion":[8,42,139,175,198,263],"effect":[9,140,176,264],"Ru":[11,118,122,148,182,237,271,286],"catalyst":[12,183,287],"performance":[13],"is":[14,19,149],"little":[15],"reported.":[16],"This":[17],"study":[18],"undertaken":[20],"to":[21,186,189],"explore":[22],"issue":[24],"using":[25],"a":[26,44,96,228,251],"series":[27],"of":[28,59,104,106,113,191,206,300],"Ru/NaY":[29,76],"catalysts":[30,63,77],"under":[31],"200\u2013230":[32],"\u00b0C,":[33],"2.0":[34],"MPa,":[35],"H2/CO":[36],"=":[37],"2,":[38],"10\u201360%":[40],"in":[43,125],"1":[45],"L":[46],"continuous":[47],"stirred":[48],"tank":[49],"reactor":[50],"(CSTR).":[51],"The":[52,66,90,132,208,224],"results":[53,94,134],"are":[54],"comparatively":[55],"studied":[56],"with":[57,160,168],"those":[58],"reported":[64],"previously.":[65],"NaY":[67,108],"support":[68],"four":[70],"1.0%,":[71],"2.5%,":[72],"5.0%,":[73],"7.5%":[75],"were":[78,123],"characterized":[79],"by":[80,218,239],"BET,":[81],"H2":[82],"chemisorption,":[83],"H2O-TPD,":[84],"XRD,":[85],"HRTEM,":[86],"XANES/EXAFS":[88,130],"techniques.":[89],"BET":[91],"XRD":[93],"suggest":[95],"high":[97,102,111,289],"surface":[98],"area":[99],"(730":[100],"m2/g),":[101],"degree":[103],"crystallinity":[105],"support,":[109],"dispersion":[112],"Ru,":[114],"while":[115],"an":[116],"hcp":[117],"structure":[119],"well-reduced":[121],"reflected":[124],"HR-TEM":[127],"FFT":[128],"results.":[131],"reaction":[133],"indicate":[135],"that":[136,153,190,213],"CH4":[142,161,279,290],"C5+":[144,165],"selectivities":[145],"same":[151],"as":[152],"selectivity":[162,166,280,291],"decreasing":[163],"increasing":[167,169,196],"conversion.":[171],"However,":[172],"olefin":[178,200,216,266],"formation":[179,201,217,267],"for":[180],"was":[184],"found":[185],"be":[187],"opposite":[188,261],"Co;":[195],"enhanced":[199],"but":[202],"suppressed":[203],"secondary":[204],"reactions":[205],"1-olefins.":[207],"H2O":[209,214,231,254],"cofeeding":[210],"experiments":[211],"showed":[212,249],"impacted":[215],"suppressing":[219],"hydrogen":[220],"adsorption":[221,232,255],"hydrogenation.":[223],"H2O-TPD":[225],"experiment":[226],"evidenced":[227],"much":[229],"stronger":[230],"capacity":[233],"(6.8":[234],"mmol/g-cat)":[235],"followed":[238],"(1":[241],"mmol/g-cat),":[242],"then":[244],"(0.2":[246],"mmol/g-cat).,":[247],"which":[248,301],"only":[250],"very":[252],"low":[253,278,303],"capacity.This":[256],"finding":[257],"may":[258,274],"explain":[259,276],"observed":[268],"catalyst,":[272,298],"also":[275],"why":[277],"(i.e.,":[281,292],"3%)":[282],"occurred":[283,294],"6\u20138%)":[293],"both":[299],"possess":[302],"water":[304],"gas":[305],"shift":[306],"(WGS)":[307],"activity.":[308]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
