{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409965459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min15050470","title":"Comparative Analysis of Reduction Techniques Aiming for the Minimization of Contaminated Soil with Red Mud","display_name":"Comparative Analysis of Reduction Techniques Aiming for the Minimization of Contaminated Soil with Red Mud","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409965459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min15050470"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/min15050470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min15050470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min15050470","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/15/5/470/pdf?version=1746003515","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737336974","display_name":"Minerals","issn_l":"2075-163X","issn":["2075-163X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Minerals","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/15/5/470/pdf?version=1746003515","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051471952","display_name":"Sre\u0107ko R. Stopi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1752-5378","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1752-5378"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sre\u0107ko Stopi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["IME Process Metallurgy and Metal Recycling, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany","IME Process Metallurgy and Metal RecyclingP, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IME Process Metallurgy and Metal Recycling, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IME Process Metallurgy and Metal RecyclingP, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055879631","display_name":"Du\u0161ko Kosti\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-8571","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-8571"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194184283","display_name":"University of East Sarajevo","ror":"https://ror.org/022mv6k27","country_code":"BA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194184283"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["BA","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Du\u0161ko Kosti\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Technology Zvornik, University of East Sarajevo, 75400 Zvornik, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina","IME Process Metallurgy and Metal Recycling, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany","IME Process Metallurgy and Metal RecyclingP, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-8571","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology Zvornik, University of East Sarajevo, 75400 Zvornik, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194184283"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IME Process Metallurgy and Metal Recycling, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IME Process Metallurgy and Metal RecyclingP, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072008693","display_name":"Mitar Peru\u0161i\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9335-1405","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9335-1405"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194184283","display_name":"University of East Sarajevo","ror":"https://ror.org/022mv6k27","country_code":"BA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194184283"]}],"countries":["BA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mitar Peru\u0161i\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Technology Zvornik, University of East Sarajevo, 75400 Zvornik, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9335-1405","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology Zvornik, University of East Sarajevo, 75400 Zvornik, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194184283"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Richard Schneider","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9321-0547","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9321-0547"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Schneider","raw_affiliation_strings":["IME Process Metallurgy and Metal Recycling, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany","IME Process Metallurgy and Metal RecyclingP, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9321-0547","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IME Process Metallurgy and Metal Recycling, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IME Process Metallurgy and Metal RecyclingP, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007521237","display_name":"Isnaldi Rodrigues de Souza Filho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5761-4981","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5761-4981"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106926","display_name":"Max-Planck-Institut f\u00fcr Nachhaltige Materialien","ror":"https://ror.org/01ngpvg12","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210106926"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147295","display_name":"Institut Jean Lamour","ror":"https://ror.org/05k1smh27","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210128300","https://openalex.org/I4210147295","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90183372","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfs2w97","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}],"countries":["DE","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isnaldi R. Souza Filho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Jean Lamour, CNRS (UMR 7198), Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France","Max-Planck-Institut for Sustainable Materials, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Duesseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5761-4981","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Jean Lamour, CNRS (UMR 7198), Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210147295","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max-Planck-Institut for Sustainable Materials, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Duesseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035235098","display_name":"Aleksandar M. Mitra\u0161inovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1021-4622","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1021-4622"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117138","display_name":"Institute of Technical Sciences of SASA","ror":"https://ror.org/02f2wk572","country_code":"RS","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1338511612","https://openalex.org/I4210117138"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aleksandar Mitra\u0161inovi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1021-4622","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117138"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021641072","display_name":"Bernd G. Friedrich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2934-2034","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2934-2034"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernd Friedrich","raw_affiliation_strings":["IME Process Metallurgy and Metal Recycling, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany","IME Process Metallurgy and Metal RecyclingP, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2934-2034","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IME Process Metallurgy and Metal Recycling, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IME Process Metallurgy and Metal RecyclingP, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051471952"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"fwci":1.5067,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78957942,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"5","first_page":"470","last_page":"470"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12774","display_name":"Bauxite Residue and Utilization","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12774","display_name":"Bauxite Residue and Utilization","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11837","display_name":"Iron and Steelmaking Processes","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11802","display_name":"Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-mud","display_name":"red mud","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-contamination","display_name":"soil contamination","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbothermal-reduction","display_name":"carbothermal reduction","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-reduction","display_name":"hydrogen reduction","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decarbonization","display_name":"decarbonization","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solid-residue","display_name":"solid residue","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-separation","display_name":"magnetic separation","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermochemical-modeling","display_name":"thermochemical modeling","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-decomposition","display_name":"thermal decomposition","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-loss","display_name":"mass loss","score":0.4880000054836273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781289256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747996","display_name":"Red mud","level":2,"score":0.666900634765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5500411987304688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112570922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603","display_name":"Contamination","level":2,"score":0.5380292534828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65580899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212734","display_name":"Soil contamination","level":3,"score":0.4531172215938568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4263794422149658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16674752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1370637","display_name":"Mining engineering","level":1,"score":0.3957540988922119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3346206545829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3173709213733673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.26963070034980774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.21589073538780212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.1781461536884308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15862807631492615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.13403409719467163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.11651629209518433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/min15050470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min15050470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min15050470","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/15/5/470/pdf?version=1746003515","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737336974","display_name":"Minerals","issn_l":"2075-163X","issn":["2075-163X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Minerals","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05748885v1","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05748885","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Minerals, 2025, 15 (5), pp.470. &#x27E8;10.3390/min15050470&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dais.sanu.ac.rs:123456789/17951","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dais.sanu.ac.rs/123456789/17951","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402581","display_name":"Digital Archive of SASA (Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1338511612","host_organization_name":"Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1338511612"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Minerals","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.rwth-aachen.de:1012853","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/1012853","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401362","display_name":"RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","host_organization_name":"RWTH Aachen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Minerals 15(5), 470 (2025). doi:10.3390/min15050470 special issue: \"Geochemical Characteristics and Contamination Risk Assessment of Soil / Special Issue Editors: Dr. Jasminka Alijagi\u0107, Guest Editor; Dr. Srecko Stopic, Guest Editor\"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/min15050470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min15050470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min15050470","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/15/5/470/pdf?version=1746003515","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737336974","display_name":"Minerals","issn_l":"2075-163X","issn":["2075-163X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Minerals","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2392372036","display_name":"Decarbonized Titanium Recovery from Aluminium and Titanium Production Residues","funder_award_id":"101135077","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409965459.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409965459.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1798592814","https://openalex.org/W2048661752","https://openalex.org/W2049404430","https://openalex.org/W2079522385","https://openalex.org/W2481582258","https://openalex.org/W2552251231","https://openalex.org/W2604272864","https://openalex.org/W2753361579","https://openalex.org/W2883527454","https://openalex.org/W2969900502","https://openalex.org/W2978455567","https://openalex.org/W3013427230","https://openalex.org/W3121211796","https://openalex.org/W3163843771","https://openalex.org/W3202582639","https://openalex.org/W4205274505","https://openalex.org/W4205654637","https://openalex.org/W4210632428","https://openalex.org/W4212983907","https://openalex.org/W4225555937","https://openalex.org/W4242197556","https://openalex.org/W4313436110","https://openalex.org/W4321434975","https://openalex.org/W4322488636","https://openalex.org/W4376631689","https://openalex.org/W4391792524","https://openalex.org/W4404288494","https://openalex.org/W4404302377","https://openalex.org/W6721989225","https://openalex.org/W6729784866","https://openalex.org/W7047864766"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2883773760","https://openalex.org/W329796274","https://openalex.org/W4328097964","https://openalex.org/W4395073777","https://openalex.org/W2366085453","https://openalex.org/W2414185093","https://openalex.org/W2727918771","https://openalex.org/W3132462953","https://openalex.org/W2011562731","https://openalex.org/W1985264554"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Comparative":[0],"analysis":[1,129],"of":[2,29,35,44,59,70,90,111,118,130,149],"red":[3,39,45,119],"mud":[4,46],"reduction":[5,14,23,49,74,132],"techniques":[6],"was":[7,96,104],"performed":[8],"using":[9,98,112],"both":[10],"carbothermal":[11],"and":[12,19,62,72,77,85,93,109,147],"hydrogen-based":[13],"methods,":[15],"combining":[16],"thermochemical":[17],"modeling":[18],"experimental":[20],"validation.":[21],"The":[22,88,101],"process":[24,50,141],"is":[25],"mostly":[26],"important":[27],"because":[28],"the":[30,42,48,57,107,116,131,143],"high":[31],"contamination":[32],"risk":[33],"assessment":[34],"soil":[36],"with":[37],"disposed":[38],"mud.":[40],"Therefore,":[41],"minimization":[43],"during":[47,139],"can":[51],"be":[52],"a":[53],"novel":[54],"strategy":[55],"for":[56,65,115],"production":[58],"metallic":[60,150],"iron":[61,95],"solid":[63,91],"residue":[64,92],"hydrometallurgical":[66],"treatment.":[67],"Different":[68],"strategies":[69],"hydrogen":[71],"carbon":[73],"in":[75],"static":[76],"dynamic":[78],"conditions":[79],"were":[80],"studied":[81],"between":[82],"700":[83],"\u00b0C":[84],"1700":[86],"\u00b0C.":[87],"separation":[89],"formed":[94],"analyzed":[97],"magnetic":[99],"separation.":[100],"main":[102],"aim":[103],"to":[105,122],"study":[106],"advantages":[108],"disadvantages":[110],"decarbonizing":[113],"technologies":[114],"treatment":[117],"mud,":[120],"aiming":[121],"develop":[123],"an":[124],"environmentally":[125],"friendly":[126],"process.":[127],"Thermochemical":[128],"offered":[133],"new":[134],"data":[135],"about":[136],"mass":[137],"losses":[138],"our":[140],"through":[142],"evaporation,":[144],"thermal":[145],"decomposition,":[146],"formation":[148],"carbide.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
