{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409737372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.6925","title":"Characteristics of Medical Cannabis Patients and Clinicians in 7 US States","display_name":"Characteristics of Medical Cannabis Patients and Clinicians in 7 US States","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409737372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.6925","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40272804"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.6925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.6925","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.6925","pdf_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2833193/boehnke_2025_ld_250041_1744833371.11379.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217848","display_name":"JAMA Network Open","issn_l":"2574-3805","issn":["2574-3805"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Network Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2833193/boehnke_2025_ld_250041_1744833371.11379.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025692086","display_name":"Kevin F. Boehnke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3696-3979","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3696-3979"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114445","display_name":"Michigan Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01zcpa714","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kevin F. Boehnke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anesthesiology Department, Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor","Michigan Psychedelic Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anesthesiology Department, Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan Psychedelic Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rachel Sinclair","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289490764","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I1299022934"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088099","display_name":"National Center for Injury Prevention and Control","ror":"https://ror.org/0015x1k58","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I4210088099"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4389425366","display_name":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education","ror":"https://ror.org/040vxhp34","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281378812","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I4389425366"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel Sinclair","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cannabis Strategy Unit, Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia","Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cannabis Strategy Unit, Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I4210088099"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4389425366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Felicia Gordon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114445","display_name":"Michigan Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01zcpa714","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Felicia Gordon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anesthesiology Department, Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anesthesiology Department, Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060291076","display_name":"Tristin Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0338-5618","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0338-5618"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114445","display_name":"Michigan Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01zcpa714","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tristin Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anesthesiology Department, Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anesthesiology Department, Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029919016","display_name":"Douglas R. Roehler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3646-7174","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3646-7174"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289490764","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I1299022934"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088099","display_name":"National Center for Injury Prevention and Control","ror":"https://ror.org/0015x1k58","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I4210088099"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas R. Roehler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cannabis Strategy Unit, Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cannabis Strategy Unit, Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I4210088099"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025692086"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4210114445"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"fwci":0.9888,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73888136,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"4","first_page":"e256925","last_page":"e256925"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10414","display_name":"Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10414","display_name":"Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10576","display_name":"Opioid Use Disorder Treatment","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-cannabis","display_name":"medical cannabis","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociodemographic-factors","display_name":"sociodemographic factors","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/county-level-characteristics","display_name":"county-level characteristics","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-to-cannabis","display_name":"access to cannabis","score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physician-characteristics","display_name":"physician characteristics","score":0.4569999873638153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019398298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1033379","display_name":"Medical cannabis","level":3,"score":0.8466669917106628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777056318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79817","display_name":"Cannabis","level":2,"score":0.8326126337051392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.5297307372093201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.5143707990646362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.48364436626434326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.4515277147293091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.4170045852661133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.6925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.6925","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.6925","pdf_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2833193/boehnke_2025_ld_250041_1744833371.11379.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217848","display_name":"JAMA Network Open","issn_l":"2574-3805","issn":["2574-3805"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Network Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40272804","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40272804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA network open","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:10832988","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12022805","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12022805","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12022805","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Netw Open","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.6925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.6925","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.6925","pdf_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2833193/boehnke_2025_ld_250041_1744833371.11379.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217848","display_name":"JAMA Network Open","issn_l":"2574-3805","issn":["2574-3805"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Network Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409737372.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409737372.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2165794458","https://openalex.org/W4379982779","https://openalex.org/W4394564421"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4380304139","https://openalex.org/W2733685407","https://openalex.org/W3169839459","https://openalex.org/W3108593591","https://openalex.org/W4297199856","https://openalex.org/W3028821536","https://openalex.org/W3133487093","https://openalex.org/W904282840","https://openalex.org/W4313650133","https://openalex.org/W3216069649"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"cross-sectional":[1],"study":[2],"investigates":[3],"county-level":[4],"sociodemographic":[5],"characteristics":[6],"of":[7],"patients":[8],"who":[9],"use":[10],"medical":[11],"cannabis":[12],"and":[13],"their":[14],"authorizing":[15],"physicians":[16],"in":[17],"7":[18],"US":[19],"states.":[20]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}