{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409709372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4038/jccpsl.v31i1.8804","title":"The Effectiveness of Interventions to Improve Mental Health Literacy, Helping Behaviours and Stigmatizing Attitudes in Schoolteachers and Staff in Asian Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","display_name":"The Effectiveness of Interventions to Improve Mental Health Literacy, Helping Behaviours and Stigmatizing Attitudes in Schoolteachers and Staff in Asian Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409709372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4038/jccpsl.v31i1.8804"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4038/jccpsl.v31i1.8804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4038/jccpsl.v31i1.8804","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4038/jccpsl.v31i1.8804","pdf_url":"https://jccpsl.sljol.info/articles/8804/files/68087cc205fb2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200920","display_name":"Journal of the College of Community Physicians of Sri Lanka","issn_l":"1391-3174","issn":["1391-3174","2579-1451"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jpps-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the College of Community Physicians of Sri Lanka","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://jccpsl.sljol.info/articles/8804/files/68087cc205fb2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093531660","display_name":"Buddhini Denuwara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4451-6960","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4451-6960"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156914","display_name":"Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/054pkye94","country_code":"LK","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156914"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Buddhini Denuwara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Health , Colombo , Sri Lanka;"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4451-6960","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Health , Colombo , Sri Lanka;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156914"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042599629","display_name":"Amila Chandrasiri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3242-1489","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3242-1489"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156914","display_name":"Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/054pkye94","country_code":"LK","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156914"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amila Chandrasiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Health , Colombo , Sri Lanka;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Health , Colombo , Sri Lanka;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156914"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062874953","display_name":"Judith Wright","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8556-9460","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8556-9460"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Judith Wright","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Mental Health , Melbourne School of Population and Global Health , University of Melbourne , Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Mental Health , Melbourne School of Population and Global Health , University of Melbourne , Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048598590","display_name":"Amy Joanna Morgan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3784-0540","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3784-0540"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amy J Morgan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Mental Health , Melbourne School of Population and Global Health , University of Melbourne , Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Mental Health , Melbourne School of Population and Global Health , University of Melbourne , Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026021363","display_name":"Nicola Jane Reavley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5513-8291","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5513-8291"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicola J Reavley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Mental Health , Melbourne School of Population and Global Health , University of Melbourne , Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Mental Health , Melbourne School of Population and Global Health , University of Melbourne , Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2437,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2652148,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"1","first_page":"32","last_page":"57"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10272","display_name":"Mental Health Treatment and Access","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10272","display_name":"Mental Health Treatment and Access","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12831","display_name":"School Health and Nursing Education","score":0.009800000116229057,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12869","display_name":"Occupational Health and Burnout","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health-literacy","display_name":"mental health literacy","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health-stigma","display_name":"mental health stigma","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helping-behavior","display_name":"helping behavior","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-teachers","display_name":"school teachers","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-staff","display_name":"school staff","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health-interventions","display_name":"mental health interventions","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asian-countries","display_name":"Asian countries","score":0.746999979019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776087414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6817469","display_name":"Mental health literacy","level":4,"score":0.7758311033248901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.7366317510604858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.695176362991333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.6763113737106323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5532153844833374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.4912208914756775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.4655393362045288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.4532616138458252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3614988327026367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.25553739070892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.1732821762561798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776674806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12135","display_name":"Mental illness","level":3,"score":0.14681386947631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4038/jccpsl.v31i1.8804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4038/jccpsl.v31i1.8804","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4038/jccpsl.v31i1.8804","pdf_url":"https://jccpsl.sljol.info/articles/8804/files/68087cc205fb2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200920","display_name":"Journal of the College of Community Physicians of Sri Lanka","issn_l":"1391-3174","issn":["1391-3174","2579-1451"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jpps-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the College of Community Physicians of Sri Lanka","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2ef05fc3a11644c8a20fa0f8f3d93cdd","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2ef05fc3a11644c8a20fa0f8f3d93cdd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the College of Community Physicians, Vol 31, Iss 1 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4038/jccpsl.v31i1.8804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4038/jccpsl.v31i1.8804","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4038/jccpsl.v31i1.8804","pdf_url":"https://jccpsl.sljol.info/articles/8804/files/68087cc205fb2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200920","display_name":"Journal of the College of Community Physicians of Sri Lanka","issn_l":"1391-3174","issn":["1391-3174","2579-1451"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jpps-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the College of Community Physicians of Sri Lanka","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9940000176429749},{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8278999924659729}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320974","display_name":"University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409709372.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409709372.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1206579674","https://openalex.org/W1543288653","https://openalex.org/W1600727221","https://openalex.org/W1969128675","https://openalex.org/W1992077381","https://openalex.org/W2005501262","https://openalex.org/W2011160866","https://openalex.org/W2032319983","https://openalex.org/W2051062534","https://openalex.org/W2056533899","https://openalex.org/W2061097780","https://openalex.org/W2064569513","https://openalex.org/W2067652354","https://openalex.org/W2096440686","https://openalex.org/W2099150592","https://openalex.org/W2106648842","https://openalex.org/W2107750653","https://openalex.org/W2117695248","https://openalex.org/W2118826874","https://openalex.org/W2158958927","https://openalex.org/W2160187477","https://openalex.org/W2333387201","https://openalex.org/W2508658501","https://openalex.org/W2531269403","https://openalex.org/W2611567091","https://openalex.org/W2895062997","https://openalex.org/W2914460789","https://openalex.org/W2976553534","https://openalex.org/W2999153067","https://openalex.org/W3036377837","https://openalex.org/W3159222821","https://openalex.org/W3174085315","https://openalex.org/W4225312688","https://openalex.org/W4225397129"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2750540020","https://openalex.org/W7119001691","https://openalex.org/W4221015619","https://openalex.org/W4256523368","https://openalex.org/W4241160828","https://openalex.org/W2914460789","https://openalex.org/W4404345774","https://openalex.org/W2167431261","https://openalex.org/W4307381295","https://openalex.org/W3022881768"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Mental":[1],"health":[2],"literacy":[3],"(MHL)":[4],"has":[5],"been":[6],"defined":[7],"as":[8,86,94],"the":[9,26,51,137,187],"knowledge":[10,200,244],"and":[11,35,40,53,61,92,118,123,144,158,161,216,238,248,251],"beliefs":[12],"about":[13],"mental":[14,246],"disorders":[15],"which":[16],"aid":[17],"their":[18],"recognition,":[19],"management":[20],"or":[21,80,93],"prevention.":[22],"Objectives:":[23],"To":[24],"assess":[25],"effectiveness":[27],"of":[28,63,107,151,173,181,186,245],"interventions":[29,235],"to":[30],"improve":[31],"MHL,":[32],"helping":[33,221,249],"behaviours":[34],"stigmatizing":[36],"attitudes":[37],"in":[38,42,50,97,199,209,220],"schoolteachers":[39,237],"staff":[41,239],"Asian":[43],"countries":[44],"Methods:":[45],"This":[46],"review":[47,232],"was":[48,195],"registered":[49],"PROSPERO":[52],"followed":[54],"PRISMA":[55],"Guidelines.":[56],"Medline,":[57],"ERIC,":[58],"PsycINFO,":[59],"CINHAL":[60],"Web":[62],"Science":[64],"databases":[65],"were":[66,104,111,128,142,146,154,172],"searched":[67],"using":[68,189],"predefined":[69],"search":[70],"strategies.":[71],"Studies":[72],"with":[73,113,130,179],"randomized":[74,82,122],"controlled":[75],"trial":[76],"(RCT),":[77],"quasi":[78],"experimental":[79,83],"cluster":[81],"designs,":[84],"published":[85],"a":[87,95,165,196,206,217],"peer":[88],"reviewed":[89],"journal":[90],"article":[91],"report":[96],"English":[98],"from":[99],"2000":[100],"till":[101],"February":[102],"2022":[103],"selected.":[105],"Risk":[106],"bias":[108],"(ROB)":[109],"assessments":[110],"conducted":[112],"Cochrane":[114],"ROB":[115,175,180],"V2":[116],"tool":[117],"ROBINS-I":[119],"criteria":[120],"for":[121,149],"non-randomized":[124],"interventions,":[125],"respectively.":[126],"Meta-analyses":[127],"performed":[129],"Review":[131],"Manager":[132],"5.4":[133],".":[134],"Results:":[135],"At":[136],"initial":[138],"search,":[139],"11547":[140],"articles":[141],"identified":[143],"eight":[145],"subsequently":[147],"selected":[148],"synthesis":[150],"findings.":[152],"There":[153],"four":[155,190],"RCTs":[156,170,191],"(n=496)":[157],"four,":[159],"before":[160],"after":[162],"studies":[163,171,178],"without":[164],"comparator":[166],"group":[167],"(n=251).":[168],"Most":[169],"low":[174],"while":[176],"other":[177],"some":[182],"concern/critical.":[183],"The":[184],"findings":[185],"meta-analysis":[188],"indicated":[192],"that":[193,234],"there":[194],"large":[197,218,241],"improvement":[198,208,219],"(SMD=1.3;":[201],"95%":[202,212,224],"CI:":[203,213,225],"0.95,":[204],"1.7),":[205],"moderate":[207,252],"stigma":[210],"(SMD=-0.6;":[211],"-0.8,":[214],"-0.3)":[215],"behaviour":[222,250],"(SMD=0.8;":[223],"0.5,":[226],"1.2).":[227],"Conclusions":[228],"&":[229],"Recommendations:":[230],"Our":[231],"indicates":[233],"targeting":[236],"had":[240],"effects":[242,253],"upon":[243,254],"illnesses":[247],"stigma.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2025-04-24T00:00:00"}
