{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409708750","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100432","title":"Distillation study of light bio-oil from palm fresh fruit pyrolysis for enhanced bio-gasoline characteristics through blending with gasohol E85","display_name":"Distillation study of light bio-oil from palm fresh fruit pyrolysis for enhanced bio-gasoline characteristics through blending with gasohol E85","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409708750","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100432"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100432","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100432","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100432","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238917","display_name":"Energy Nexus","issn_l":"2772-4271","issn":["2772-4271"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Nexus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100432","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083405319","display_name":"Sittinun Tawkaew","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8024-491X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8024-491X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76920116","display_name":"Srinakharinwirot University","ror":"https://ror.org/04718hx42","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76920116"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sittinun Tawkaew","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd., Ongkharak, Nakhon-nayok, 26120, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd., Ongkharak, Nakhon-nayok, 26120, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76920116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105052878","display_name":"Nathawat Unsomsri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4734-0920","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4734-0920"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76920116","display_name":"Srinakharinwirot University","ror":"https://ror.org/04718hx42","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76920116"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathawat Unsomsri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biofuel and Bioenergy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (BBT R&D), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd., Ongkharak, Nakhon-nayok, 26120, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biofuel and Bioenergy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (BBT R&D), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd., Ongkharak, Nakhon-nayok, 26120, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76920116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058400195","display_name":"Pichai Asadamongkon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-4529","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-4529"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76920116","display_name":"Srinakharinwirot University","ror":"https://ror.org/04718hx42","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76920116"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pichai Asadamongkon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biofuel and Bioenergy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (BBT R&D), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd., Ongkharak, Nakhon-nayok, 26120, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biofuel and Bioenergy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (BBT R&D), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd., Ongkharak, Nakhon-nayok, 26120, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76920116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044109259","display_name":"Surachai Narrat Jansri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6918-4894","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6918-4894"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9340882","display_name":"Chiang Mai Rajabhat University","ror":"https://ror.org/02r6k7132","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9340882"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Surachai Narrat Jansri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Asian Development College for Community Economy and Technology (adiCET), Chiang Mai Rajabhat University, Khilek, Mae Rim, Chiang Mai 50180, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Asian Development College for Community Economy and Technology (adiCET), Chiang Mai Rajabhat University, Khilek, Mae Rim, Chiang Mai 50180, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9340882"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023061461","display_name":"Songkran Wiriyasart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7742-1047","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7742-1047"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76920116","display_name":"Srinakharinwirot University","ror":"https://ror.org/04718hx42","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76920116"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Songkran Wiriyasart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Thermal Solution and Energy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (TSET R&D), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd., Ongkharak, Nakhon-nayok, 26120, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Thermal Solution and Energy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (TSET R&D), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd., Ongkharak, Nakhon-nayok, 26120, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76920116"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037994525","display_name":"Sommas Kaewluan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8240-4941","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8240-4941"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76920116","display_name":"Srinakharinwirot University","ror":"https://ror.org/04718hx42","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76920116"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sommas Kaewluan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biofuel and Bioenergy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (BBT R&D), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd., Ongkharak, Nakhon-nayok, 26120, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biofuel and Bioenergy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (BBT R&D), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd., Ongkharak, Nakhon-nayok, 26120, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76920116"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037994525"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76920116"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"fwci":5.3943,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97128075,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"100432","last_page":"100432"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10507","display_name":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyrolysis","display_name":"pyrolysis","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biogasoline","display_name":"biogasoline","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wood-vinegar","display_name":"wood vinegar","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyrolysis-temperature","display_name":"pyrolysis temperature","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochar-yield","display_name":"biochar yield","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyrolysis-gas-yield","display_name":"pyrolysis gas yield","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gasoline-blending","display_name":"gasoline blending","score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calorific-value","display_name":"calorific value","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distillation-properties","display_name":"distillation properties","score":0.5709999799728394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103697071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39558","display_name":"Gasoline","level":2,"score":0.8333054780960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988237154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q231458","display_name":"Palm oil","level":2,"score":0.7767430543899536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.6301987171173096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204030448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101017","display_name":"Distillation","level":2,"score":0.6247770190238953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36759035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176848","display_name":"Pyrolysis","level":2,"score":0.46644067764282227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.40843668580055237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183696295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2487696","display_name":"Biochemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.35033106803894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.31842100620269775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3092491924762726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.22802183032035828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.2166765332221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17253604531288147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100432","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100432","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100432","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238917","display_name":"Energy Nexus","issn_l":"2772-4271","issn":["2772-4271"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Nexus","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:537915dbd34a4e27ae24a5dc948093f3","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/537915dbd34a4e27ae24a5dc948093f3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Energy Nexus, Vol 18, Iss , Pp 100432- (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100432","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100432","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100432","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238917","display_name":"Energy Nexus","issn_l":"2772-4271","issn":["2772-4271"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Nexus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5590560871","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201/2566","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324284","funder_display_name":"Srinakharinwirot University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324284","display_name":"Srinakharinwirot University","ror":"https://ror.org/04718hx42"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1551159976","https://openalex.org/W1982186204","https://openalex.org/W2073806524","https://openalex.org/W2116131412","https://openalex.org/W2116374535","https://openalex.org/W2305066864","https://openalex.org/W2341230696","https://openalex.org/W2405366449","https://openalex.org/W2621116223","https://openalex.org/W2897406775","https://openalex.org/W2990675573","https://openalex.org/W2996326384","https://openalex.org/W4282000257","https://openalex.org/W4327994531","https://openalex.org/W4366262804","https://openalex.org/W4386093912","https://openalex.org/W4387864977","https://openalex.org/W4387909644","https://openalex.org/W4388626308","https://openalex.org/W4391621273","https://openalex.org/W4404116165","https://openalex.org/W6867128425"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7014702218","https://openalex.org/W7203987724","https://openalex.org/W2792078037","https://openalex.org/W4220911404","https://openalex.org/W7071637572","https://openalex.org/W4400303218","https://openalex.org/W2412260885","https://openalex.org/W3047612816","https://openalex.org/W4405430300","https://openalex.org/W2990675573"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,50,70,106,137,175,189,226],"increasing":[1],"demand":[2],"for":[3,16,204,222],"renewable":[4,259],"energy":[5,260],"sources":[6],"highlights":[7],"the":[8,92,96,102,143,147,178,192,219,247],"importance":[9],"of":[10,47,52,80,139,162,177,191,233,243,249],"pyrolysis":[11,53,71,89,93],"as":[12,251],"a":[13,31,44,76,200,212,230,252],"sustainable":[14],"method":[15,203],"converting":[17],"biomass":[18],"into":[19,115],"valuable":[20],"products.":[21],"In":[22],"this":[23],"study,":[24],"palm":[25],"fresh":[26],"fruit":[27],"was":[28,108,237],"pyrolyzed":[29],"in":[30,211],"120":[32],"L":[33],"batch-type":[34],"reactor":[35],"at":[36,43,72,110],"450,":[37],"550,":[38],"650,":[39],"and":[40,66,86,122,133,156,172,187,199,255],"700":[41],"\u00b0C":[42,74,112],"heating":[45,231],"rate":[46],"2\u20135":[48],"\u00b0C/min.":[49],"production":[51],"liquid":[54],"product":[55],"(PLP)":[56],"yie":[57],"ld":[58],"is":[59],"57.50":[60],"%,":[61,63,65,68,164,167,169,171],"62.88":[62,77],"52.53":[64],"47.77":[67],"respectively.":[69],"550":[73],"shows":[75],"%":[78,84,88,128,131,135,239],"yield":[79,98,104],"PLP":[81,107],",":[82],"10.27":[83],"biochar,":[85],"26.85":[87],"gases.":[90],"As":[91],"temperature":[94],"increased,":[95,100],"gas":[97],"slightly":[99],"whereas":[101],"biochar":[103],"decreased.":[105],"distilled":[109],"200":[111],"to":[113,258],"separate":[114],"light":[116],"bio-oil":[117,124],"(LBO),":[118],"wood":[119],"vinegar":[120],"(WV),":[121],"heavy":[123],"(HBO),":[125],"yielding":[126],"11.91":[127],"LBO,":[129],"41.60":[130],"WV,":[132],"46.45":[134],"HBO.":[136],"GC\u2013MS":[138],"LBO":[140,180,194,207,250],"showed":[141],"that":[142,217,242],"five":[144],"components":[145],"with":[146,158,181,208],"highest":[148],"peak":[149],"intensities":[150],"were":[151,184,195],"1-octene,":[152],"octane,":[153],"1-nonene,":[154],"nonane,":[155],"1-decene,":[157],"respective":[159],"area":[160],"percentages":[161],"14.31":[163],"8.3":[165],"9":[166],"18.26":[168],"8.01":[170],"8.05":[173],"%.":[174],"ratios":[176],"blended":[179,193],"gasohol":[182,209,244],"E85":[183,210],"70:30,":[185],"60:40,":[186],"50:50.":[188],"properties":[190],"determined":[196],"using":[197],"TGA":[198],"standard":[201],"test":[202],"distillation.":[205],"Blending":[206],"60:40":[213],"ratio":[214],"produced":[215],"fuel":[216,228],"met":[218],"gasoline":[220],"standards":[221],"distillation":[223],"volume":[224],"fractions.":[225],"resulting":[227],"exhibited":[229],"value":[232],"36":[234],"MJ/kg,":[235],"which":[236],"35":[238],"higher":[240],"than":[241],"E85,":[245],"highlighting":[246],"potential":[248],"high-quality":[253],"biofuel":[254],"its":[256],"contribution":[257],"development.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2025-04-24T00:00:00"}
