{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409671069","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132568","title":"Optimization of synergistic microwave and zero\u2013valent iron co\u2013pretreatment for anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge","display_name":"Optimization of synergistic microwave and zero\u2013valent iron co\u2013pretreatment for anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409671069","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132568","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40273956"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132568","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132568","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S21442059","display_name":"Bioresource Technology","issn_l":"0960-8524","issn":["0960-8524","1873-2976"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioresource Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Seung\u2013han Ha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165507594","display_name":"Kangwon National University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mh5ph17","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165507594"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seung\u2013han Ha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrated Energy and Infra System, College of engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon State 24341, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrated Energy and Infra System, College of engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon State 24341, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165507594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010981626","display_name":"Seung Gu Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-9576","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-9576"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189442560","display_name":"Gyeongsang National University","ror":"https://ror.org/00saywf64","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189442560"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seung Gu Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Energy System Engineering, College of engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52828, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Energy System Engineering, College of engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52828, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189442560"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010808931","display_name":"Johng\u2010Hwa Ahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5745-5338","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5745-5338"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165507594","display_name":"Kangwon National University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mh5ph17","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165507594"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Johng\u2013Hwa Ahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrated Energy and Infra System, College of engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon State 24341, Korea; Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon State 24341, Korea. Electronic address: johnghwa@kangwon.ac.kr"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrated Energy and Infra System, College of engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon State 24341, Korea; Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon State 24341, Korea. Electronic address: johnghwa@kangwon.ac.kr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165507594"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010808931"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165507594"],"apc_list":{"value":4880,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4880},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1272,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85218073,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"430","issue":null,"first_page":"132568","last_page":"132568"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10284","display_name":"Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10284","display_name":"Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11231","display_name":"Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10564","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-activated-sludge","display_name":"waste activated sludge","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anaerobic-digestion","display_name":"anaerobic digestion","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-pretreatment","display_name":"microwave pretreatment","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-valent-iron","display_name":"zero-valent iron","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-pretreatment","display_name":"CO pretreatment","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemical-methane-potential","display_name":"biochemical methane potential","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methane-yield","display_name":"methane yield","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-sulfide-removal","display_name":"hydrogen sulfide removal","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lignin-fragmentation","display_name":"lignin fragmentation","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphate-removal","display_name":"phosphate removal","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volatile-solids-removal","display_name":"volatile solids removal","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acetoclastic-methanogens","display_name":"acetoclastic methanogens","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogenotrophic-methanogens","display_name":"hydrogenotrophic methanogens","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sludge-biodegradability","display_name":"sludge biodegradability","score":0.8730000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C499616599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555853","display_name":"Anaerobic digestion","level":3,"score":0.8260458707809448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777730692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815353","display_name":"Activated sludge","level":3,"score":0.7867814302444458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40472508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8069649","display_name":"Zerovalent iron","level":3,"score":0.6708437204360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.6451065540313721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5433188080787659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781357212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275608","display_name":"Digestion (alchemy)","level":2,"score":0.4780588448047638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75212476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171076","display_name":"Biogas","level":2,"score":0.43610742688179016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.42803260684013367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5140985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483866","display_name":"Anaerobic exercise","level":2,"score":0.42273712158203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3909907639026642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C516920438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37129","display_name":"Methane","level":2,"score":0.2786408066749573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57442070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221275","display_name":"Sewage treatment","level":2,"score":0.23646357655525208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.13439589738845825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.12252667546272278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10635730624198914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150394285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180254","display_name":"Adsorption","level":2,"score":0.08181574940681458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000693","descriptor_name":"Anaerobiosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000693","descriptor_name":"Anaerobiosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001673","descriptor_name":"Biodegradation, Environmental","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001673","descriptor_name":"Biodegradation, Environmental","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007501","descriptor_name":"Iron","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007501","descriptor_name":"Iron","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007501","descriptor_name":"Iron","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007501","descriptor_name":"Iron","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008697","descriptor_name":"Methane","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008697","descriptor_name":"Methane","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008872","descriptor_name":"Microwaves","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008872","descriptor_name":"Microwaves","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012722","descriptor_name":"Sewage","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012722","descriptor_name":"Sewage","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012722","descriptor_name":"Sewage","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012722","descriptor_name":"Sewage","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013696","descriptor_name":"Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013696","descriptor_name":"Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132568","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132568","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S21442059","display_name":"Bioresource Technology","issn_l":"0960-8524","issn":["0960-8524","1873-2976"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioresource Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40273956","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40273956","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioresource technology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5690000057220459}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4271051039","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022RIS\\u2013005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321408","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321408","display_name":"Ministry of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/01p262204"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964807994","https://openalex.org/W1975682808","https://openalex.org/W1989905549","https://openalex.org/W2026942906","https://openalex.org/W2041911040","https://openalex.org/W2072686263","https://openalex.org/W2080947407","https://openalex.org/W2089274821","https://openalex.org/W2280916189","https://openalex.org/W2609737180","https://openalex.org/W2733870310","https://openalex.org/W2745151155","https://openalex.org/W2793217319","https://openalex.org/W2802081514","https://openalex.org/W2900802228","https://openalex.org/W2901842483","https://openalex.org/W2948059447","https://openalex.org/W2963811698","https://openalex.org/W2967619121","https://openalex.org/W3040844992","https://openalex.org/W3130216167","https://openalex.org/W3135903694","https://openalex.org/W3168256506","https://openalex.org/W3186496163","https://openalex.org/W3199287589","https://openalex.org/W4200420673","https://openalex.org/W4210467718","https://openalex.org/W4213277022","https://openalex.org/W4283522579","https://openalex.org/W4306386029","https://openalex.org/W4312083013","https://openalex.org/W4312142159","https://openalex.org/W4312182175","https://openalex.org/W4379467443","https://openalex.org/W4384997424","https://openalex.org/W4386323102","https://openalex.org/W4387824479","https://openalex.org/W4389568447","https://openalex.org/W4391027707","https://openalex.org/W4391606451","https://openalex.org/W4392446100","https://openalex.org/W4392920198","https://openalex.org/W4402566347","https://openalex.org/W4403912887","https://openalex.org/W4406746974"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3167351850","https://openalex.org/W3035615750","https://openalex.org/W4213101037","https://openalex.org/W2969860187","https://openalex.org/W2941388267","https://openalex.org/W3124339437","https://openalex.org/W2089274821","https://openalex.org/W2973055965","https://openalex.org/W4233803399","https://openalex.org/W2910229230"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
