{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409480554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21128/2226-2059-2024-4-69-84","title":"The paradox of the persistent objector rule in the law of international customs","display_name":"The paradox of the persistent objector rule in the law of international customs","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409480554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21128/2226-2059-2024-4-69-84"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21128/2226-2059-2024-4-69-84","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21128/2226-2059-2024-4-69-84","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21128/2226-2059-2024-4-69-84","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202378","display_name":"Me\u017edunarodnoe pravosudie","issn_l":"2226-2059","issn":["2226-2059","2541-8548"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Me\u017edunarodnoe pravosudie","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036190458","display_name":"\u0410.\u0421. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2515-1011","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2515-1011"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexey Ispolinov","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036190458"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6409,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83777133,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"4","first_page":"69","last_page":"84"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10749","display_name":"International Law and Human Rights","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10749","display_name":"International Law and Human Rights","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14012","display_name":"Comparative and International Law Studies","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12767","display_name":"Conflict of Laws and Jurisdiction","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/customary-international-law","display_name":"customary international law","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-law-commission","display_name":"International Law Commission","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-practice","display_name":"state practice","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opinio-juris","display_name":"opinio juris","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-responsibility","display_name":"international responsibility","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/de-lege-ferenda","display_name":"de lege ferenda","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification-of-customary-law","display_name":"identification of customary law","score":0.41999998688697815}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.5684471726417542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.42513132095336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99216807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2930613","display_name":"Conscientious objector","level":3,"score":0.42126208543777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.35625725984573364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.29209238290786743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81631423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10859","display_name":"Spanish Civil War","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21128/2226-2059-2024-4-69-84","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21128/2226-2059-2024-4-69-84","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21128/2226-2059-2024-4-69-84","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202378","display_name":"Me\u017edunarodnoe pravosudie","issn_l":"2226-2059","issn":["2226-2059","2541-8548"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Me\u017edunarodnoe pravosudie","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4404492853","https://openalex.org/W2918576954","https://openalex.org/W2346015804","https://openalex.org/W4402160988","https://openalex.org/W6968247155","https://openalex.org/W1520984543","https://openalex.org/W1737658672","https://openalex.org/W1969857369","https://openalex.org/W2896420262","https://openalex.org/W4247915163"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,42,96,201,305],"article":[1,97,306],"critically":[2],"evaluates":[3],"the":[4,7,10,15,36,48,53,57,61,76,88,99,102,106,130,142,153,159,197,208,211,232,246,267,295,319],"importance":[5],"of":[6,9,18,39,44,56,63,79,87,90,101,132,152,155,162,187,203,210,235,242,248,254,258,278,284,298,317,321,325],"rule":[8,23,46,81,113,157,214,222,241,283,301,312],"persistently":[11],"objecting":[12],"State":[13,91,177,205],"in":[14,35,52,85,93,105,119,127,138,158,172,192,231],"modern":[16],"law":[17],"inter-national":[19],"customs,":[20],"considering":[21],"this":[22,45,80,112,139,156,221,265,300,311],"as":[24,275,288],"primarily":[25],"an":[26,279],"academic":[27],"fiction,":[28],"which":[29],"has":[30,69,178,223,313],"not":[31,224,274],"yet":[32,225],"been":[33,169],"reflected":[34],"treaty":[37],"norms":[38],"international":[40,121,133,173,182,188,285,326],"law.":[41,327],"inclusion":[43],"by":[47,141,190,308],"International":[49,65],"Law":[50,66],"Commission":[51],"final":[54],"text":[55],"Draft":[58],"Conclusions":[59],"on":[60,75],"Identification":[62],"Customary":[64],"(Conclusion":[67],"15)":[68],"given":[70,104],"new":[71],"impetus":[72],"to":[73,108,148,180,196,218],"discussions":[74],"legal":[77],"significance":[78],"and":[82,117,122,134,228,251,260],"its":[83,94,185,193,236],"effectiveness":[84],"terms":[86],"sufficiency":[89],"practice":[92,174,206,253],"application.":[95],"questions":[98],"statement":[100],"ILC,":[103],"comments":[107],"Conclusion":[109,269],"15,":[110],"that":[111,220,293,310],"is":[114,229],"\u201coften":[115],"used":[116],"recognized":[118],"both":[120,245],"domestic":[123],"judicial":[124],"practice\u201d,":[125],"since":[126],"almost":[128],"all":[129],"decisions":[131],"national":[135],"courts":[136,145],"cited":[137],"respect":[140],"ILC":[143,296],"those":[144],"limited":[146],"themselves":[147],"a":[149,176,239,249,255,276,289,314,322],"brief":[150],"indication":[151],"existence":[154],"reasoning":[160],"part":[161],"their":[163,261],"decision.":[164],"In":[165,264],"addition,":[166],"there":[167],"have":[168],"no":[170],"cases":[171],"where":[175],"managed":[179],"avoid":[181],"responsibility":[183],"for":[184],"violation":[186],"custom":[189],"referring":[191],"justifi-cation":[194],"only":[195],"persistant":[198,212],"objector":[199,213],"rule.":[200],"lack":[202],"relevant":[204],"regarding":[207],"application":[209],"gives":[215],"sufficient":[216],"grounds":[217],"assert":[219],"become":[226],"binding":[227,323],"still":[230],"initial":[233],"stage":[234],"transformation":[237],"into":[238],"customary":[240,282],"law,":[243,286],"awaiting":[244],"creation":[247],"stable":[250],"widespread":[252],"sig-nificant":[256],"number":[257],"States":[259],"opinio":[262],"juris.":[263],"regard,":[266],"ILC\u2019s":[268],"15":[270],"can":[271],"be":[272],"considered":[273],"reflec-tion":[277],"already":[280],"existing":[281],"but":[287],"de":[290],"lege":[291],"ferenda,":[292],"is,":[294],"vision":[297],"what":[299],"should":[302],"look":[303],"like.":[304],"concludes":[307],"admitting":[309],"low":[315],"probability":[316],"obtaining":[318],"status":[320],"norm":[324]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2025-04-16T00:00:00"}