{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409475786","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","title":"The Relationship Between Alkaline Phosphatase and Periodontitis: The Mediating Role of Cranial Bone Mineral Density","display_name":"The Relationship Between Alkaline Phosphatase and Periodontitis: The Mediating Role of Cranial Bone Mineral Density","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409475786","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40233622"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143937555","display_name":"International Dental Journal","issn_l":"0020-6539","issn":["0020-6539","1875-595X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Dental Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qiuling Tang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113795","display_name":"Hubei University of Arts and Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0212jcf64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113795"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119234","display_name":"Xiangyang Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02dx2xm20","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119234"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiuling Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Stomatology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Xiangyang, Hubei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Stomatology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Xiangyang, Hubei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113795","https://openalex.org/I4210119234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Miao Yang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113795","display_name":"Hubei University of Arts and Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0212jcf64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113795"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119234","display_name":"Xiangyang Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02dx2xm20","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119234"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Stomatology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Xiangyang, Hubei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Stomatology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Xiangyang, Hubei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113795","https://openalex.org/I4210119234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111777213","display_name":"Qingfeng Xiao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113795","display_name":"Hubei University of Arts and Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0212jcf64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113795"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119234","display_name":"Xiangyang Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02dx2xm20","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119234"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qingfeng Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Stomatology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Xiangyang, Hubei, China. Electronic address: qingfengxiaoqfx@163.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Stomatology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Xiangyang, Hubei, China. Electronic address: qingfengxiaoqfx@163.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113795","https://openalex.org/I4210119234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chaojie Cheng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113795","display_name":"Hubei University of Arts and Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0212jcf64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113795"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119234","display_name":"Xiangyang Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02dx2xm20","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119234"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chaojie Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Stomatology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Xiangyang, Hubei, China. Electronic address: ChaojieCheng1004@163.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Stomatology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Xiangyang, Hubei, China. Electronic address: ChaojieCheng1004@163.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113795","https://openalex.org/I4210119234"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111777213"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113795","https://openalex.org/I4210119234"],"apc_list":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"apc_paid":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"fwci":6.3111,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9648691,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"75","issue":"3","first_page":"1771","last_page":"1780"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10257","display_name":"Oral microbiology and periodontitis research","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10257","display_name":"Oral microbiology and periodontitis research","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13453","display_name":"Alkaline Phosphatase Research Studies","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11219","display_name":"Bone Metabolism and Diseases","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/periodontitis","display_name":"periodontitis","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkaline-phosphatase","display_name":"alkaline phosphatase","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-metabolism","display_name":"bone metabolism","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediation-analysis","display_name":"mediation analysis","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-relationship","display_name":"nonlinear relationship","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nhanes","display_name":"NHANES","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alcohol-consumption","display_name":"alcohol consumption","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-inactivity","display_name":"physical inactivity","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/periodontal-disease-risk-factors","display_name":"periodontal risk factors","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-resorption","display_name":"bone resorption","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences-in-alcohol-consumption","display_name":"sex differences in alcohol consumption","score":0.3700000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160160445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24769688","display_name":"Alkaline phosphatase","level":3,"score":0.8073428869247437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776886416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4941567","display_name":"Bone mineral","level":3,"score":0.6432321071624756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q520127","display_name":"Periodontitis","level":2,"score":0.5472450256347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.53568434715271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4277288615703583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3694908320903778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.30026668310165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776541429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165328","display_name":"Osteoporosis","level":2,"score":0.20392373204231262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.1736447811126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.1371203362941742}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000469","descriptor_name":"Alkaline Phosphatase","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000469","descriptor_name":"Alkaline Phosphatase","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009749","descriptor_name":"Nutrition Surveys","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009749","descriptor_name":"Nutrition Surveys","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010518","descriptor_name":"Periodontitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010518","descriptor_name":"Periodontitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012886","descriptor_name":"Skull","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012886","descriptor_name":"Skull","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015519","descriptor_name":"Bone Density","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015519","descriptor_name":"Bone Density","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143937555","display_name":"International Dental Journal","issn_l":"0020-6539","issn":["0020-6539","1875-595X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Dental Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40233622","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40233622","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International dental journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12043010","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12043010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Int Dent J","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e0d3ea218c7840bf95756e4aa4755309","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e0d3ea218c7840bf95756e4aa4755309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Dental Journal, Vol 75, Iss 3, Pp 1771-1780 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143937555","display_name":"International Dental Journal","issn_l":"0020-6539","issn":["0020-6539","1875-595X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Dental Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1512146749","https://openalex.org/W1891700372","https://openalex.org/W1964835867","https://openalex.org/W1984375370","https://openalex.org/W2015866062","https://openalex.org/W2026333180","https://openalex.org/W2028358997","https://openalex.org/W2033835546","https://openalex.org/W2048186787","https://openalex.org/W2084069329","https://openalex.org/W2097981516","https://openalex.org/W2110356699","https://openalex.org/W2135352079","https://openalex.org/W2138377196","https://openalex.org/W2312988023","https://openalex.org/W2314439242","https://openalex.org/W2525941243","https://openalex.org/W2741223751","https://openalex.org/W2801165943","https://openalex.org/W2892195131","https://openalex.org/W2897700151","https://openalex.org/W2908843625","https://openalex.org/W2922556159","https://openalex.org/W2963153344","https://openalex.org/W2995750123","https://openalex.org/W3000184151","https://openalex.org/W3011964974","https://openalex.org/W3031593921","https://openalex.org/W3033932089","https://openalex.org/W3158611847","https://openalex.org/W3171431492","https://openalex.org/W4211223324","https://openalex.org/W4214845354","https://openalex.org/W4280590795","https://openalex.org/W4311631252","https://openalex.org/W4313307858","https://openalex.org/W4320723880","https://openalex.org/W4367693746","https://openalex.org/W4378952882","https://openalex.org/W4385144648","https://openalex.org/W4385226637","https://openalex.org/W4388688409","https://openalex.org/W4389210030","https://openalex.org/W4390739864","https://openalex.org/W4394880781","https://openalex.org/W4395677599","https://openalex.org/W4398155717","https://openalex.org/W4404442912","https://openalex.org/W4404856661"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966504330","https://openalex.org/W1979139803","https://openalex.org/W4394765566","https://openalex.org/W2037631372","https://openalex.org/W4252436151","https://openalex.org/W2030889776","https://openalex.org/W2320124730","https://openalex.org/W2159000141","https://openalex.org/W2070142958","https://openalex.org/W4400474999"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Periodontitis":[1],"is":[2,39,62],"a":[3,33,245,279,290,304,380],"common":[4],"chronic":[5],"disease":[6],"characterized":[7],"by":[8],"the":[9,15,23,42,47,60,78,95,101,108,119,126,140,157,162,169,180,193,210,214,223,231,310,366,384],"destruction":[10],"of":[11,17,25,27,36,59,103,112,121,128,227,293,307,351,371,386],"periodontal":[12],"tissues":[13],"and":[14,70,82,100,105,130,143,165,184,186,197,235,271,284,314,353,369],"resorption":[16],"alveolar":[18],"bone,":[19],"which":[20],"severely":[21],"impacts":[22],"quality":[24],"life":[26],"patients.":[28],"Alkaline":[29],"phosphatase":[30],"(ALP),":[31],"as":[32,156,161,168],"crucial":[34],"marker":[35],"bone":[37,43,67,71,375],"metabolism,":[38],"involved":[40],"in":[41,77,115,199,268,309],"formation":[44],"process.":[45],"However,":[46],"mechanisms":[48],"linking":[49],"ALP":[50,81,99,155,183,196,234,243,283,313,320,342,361],"to":[51,93,106,150,178,191,208,221,334,365],"periodontitis":[52,83,104,129,137,160,198,250,285,315],"remain":[53],"unclear.":[54],"Bone":[55],"mineral":[56,68],"density":[57],"(BMD)":[58],"skull":[61],"an":[63,348],"important":[64],"indicator":[65],"reflecting":[66],"content":[69],"strength,":[72],"yet":[73],"its":[74],"mediating":[75,110,170,225,305],"role":[76,111,226,306],"relationship":[79,181,212,281,311],"between":[80,97,182,195,213,233,282,312],"has":[84],"not":[85],"been":[86],"thoroughly":[87],"investigated.":[88],"OBJECTIVE:":[89],"This":[90],"study":[91,222],"aimed":[92],"explore":[94,192,209],"association":[96,194,232,248,264],"serum":[98,341],"risk":[102,350],"evaluate":[107],"potential":[109,224],"cranial":[113,166,228,301,326,354],"BMD":[114,167,229,302,327,355],"this":[116,263,358],"relationship,":[117],"with":[118,154,249,289,325,347],"goal":[120],"providing":[122],"new":[123],"insights":[124],"into":[125],"etiology":[127],"informing":[131],"treatment":[132,385],"strategies.":[133],"METHODS:":[134],"Data":[135],"from":[136,139,148],"patients":[138],"National":[141],"Health":[142],"Nutrition":[144],"Examination":[145],"Survey":[146],"(NHANES)":[147],"2011":[149],"2014":[151],"were":[152,189,206,344],"utilized":[153],"independent":[158],"variable,":[159,164],"dependent":[163],"variable.":[171],"A":[172],"logistic":[173],"regression":[174],"model":[175],"was":[176,219,265,321],"used":[177,207],"analyse":[179],"periodontitis,":[185,352,372],"subgroup":[187],"analyses":[188,260],"conducted":[190],"different":[200],"subgroups.":[201],"Restricted":[202],"cubic":[203],"splines":[204],"(RCS)":[205],"nonlinear":[211,280],"two.":[215],"Additionally,":[216],"mediation":[217,297],"analysis":[218,277,298],"employed":[220],"on":[230],"periodontitis.":[236,387],"RESULTS:":[237],"After":[238],"adjusting":[239],"for":[240,383],"confounding":[241],"variables,":[242],"showed":[244,261],"significant":[246],"positive":[247],"(OR:":[251],"1.006,":[252],"95%":[253,331],"CI:":[254,332],"1.002-1.011,":[255],"P":[256,336],"<":[257,337],".05).":[258],"Subgroup":[259],"that":[262,300],"particularly":[266],"pronounced":[267],"males,":[269],"drinkers,":[270],"individuals":[272],"lacking":[273],"physical":[274],"activities.":[275],"RCS":[276],"revealed":[278,299],"(P-non-linear":[286],"=":[287,317,329],"0.0006),":[288],"threshold":[291],"level":[292],"68":[294],"U/L.":[295],"The":[296],"played":[303],"2.71%":[308],"(P":[316],".006).":[318],"Furthermore,":[319],"significantly":[322],"negatively":[323],"correlated":[324],"(\u03b2":[328],"-0.0016,":[330],"-0.0024":[333],"-0.0007,":[335],".001).":[338],"CONCLUSION:":[339],"Elevated":[340],"levels":[343,362],"positively":[345],"associated":[346],"increased":[349],"partially":[356],"mediated":[357],"association.":[359],"Monitoring":[360],"may":[363],"contribute":[364],"early":[367],"diagnosis":[368],"intervention":[370],"while":[373],"targeting":[374],"metabolism":[376],"regulation":[377],"could":[378],"offer":[379],"novel":[381],"direction":[382]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}