{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409440960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083493","title":"Analyzing Wheat Production in Jordan: The Role of Population Dynamics, Climate Variability, and GIS-Based Projections","display_name":"Analyzing Wheat Production in Jordan: The Role of Population Dynamics, Climate Variability, and GIS-Based Projections","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409440960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083493"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su17083493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083493","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083493","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/8/3493/pdf?version=1744623734","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/8/3493/pdf?version=1744623734","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075310067","display_name":"Ibrahim Farhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9401-7038","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9401-7038"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114972647","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Farhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, School of Arts, The University of Jordan, P.O. Box 13437, Amman 11942, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9401-7038","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, School of Arts, The University of Jordan, P.O. Box 13437, Amman 11942, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093904010","display_name":"Hind Sarayrah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9424-4943","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9424-4943"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114972647","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hind Sarayrah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, School of Arts, The University of Jordan, P.O. Box 13437, Amman 11942, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9424-4943","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, School of Arts, The University of Jordan, P.O. Box 13437, Amman 11942, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074278315","display_name":"Wissam Hayek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5592-5209","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5592-5209"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114972647","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wissam Hayek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, School of Arts, The University of Jordan, P.O. Box 13437, Amman 11942, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5592-5209","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, School of Arts, The University of Jordan, P.O. Box 13437, Amman 11942, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042022963","display_name":"Hebah Alkhasoneh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6690-9047","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6690-9047"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114972647","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hebah Alkhasoneh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, School of Arts, The University of Jordan, P.O. Box 13437, Amman 11942, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6690-9047","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, School of Arts, The University of Jordan, P.O. Box 13437, Amman 11942, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005358619","display_name":"Faisal Almayouf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-4059","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-4059"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31079310","display_name":"Al al-Bayt University","ror":"https://ror.org/028jh2126","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31079310"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faisal Almayouf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Geography, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Al al-Bayt University, P.O. Box 130040, Al-Mafraq 25113, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-4059","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Geography, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Al al-Bayt University, P.O. Box 130040, Al-Mafraq 25113, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31079310"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075310067","https://openalex.org/A5093904010"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"fwci":3.7268,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92142915,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"8","first_page":"3493","last_page":"3493"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10439","display_name":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10439","display_name":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13508","display_name":"Agricultural Economics and Practices","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11805","display_name":"Agricultural economics and policies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheat-production","display_name":"wheat production","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-growth","display_name":"population growth","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-variability","display_name":"climate variability","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainfall","display_name":"rainfall","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature","display_name":"temperature","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-security","display_name":"food security","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jordan","display_name":"Jordan","score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographically-weighted-regression","display_name":"geographically weighted regression","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-heterogeneity","display_name":"spatial heterogeneity","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-decline","display_name":"agricultural decline","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change-impacts-on-agriculture","display_name":"climate change impacts on agriculture","score":0.6380000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6863230466842651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5134276151657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.494069367647171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3980807662010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.35066306591033936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.34278377890586853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09239828586578369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.07568016648292542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su17083493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083493","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083493","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/8/3493/pdf?version=1744623734","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:8:p:3493-:d:1634247","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/8/3493/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su17083493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083493","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083493","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/8/3493/pdf?version=1744623734","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.9208999872207642}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409440960.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409440960.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W206640196","https://openalex.org/W1525110553","https://openalex.org/W1560368237","https://openalex.org/W1984670478","https://openalex.org/W1991151564","https://openalex.org/W2002399918","https://openalex.org/W2102417376","https://openalex.org/W2103849701","https://openalex.org/W2109741211","https://openalex.org/W2122054896","https://openalex.org/W2287734955","https://openalex.org/W2744232326","https://openalex.org/W2791239997","https://openalex.org/W2808331426","https://openalex.org/W2889467997","https://openalex.org/W2889743206","https://openalex.org/W2967484989","https://openalex.org/W2994659677","https://openalex.org/W2995957813","https://openalex.org/W2998529144","https://openalex.org/W3089643505","https://openalex.org/W3115151357","https://openalex.org/W3122928643","https://openalex.org/W3169274746","https://openalex.org/W3171044676","https://openalex.org/W3174857629","https://openalex.org/W3213095378","https://openalex.org/W4280492863","https://openalex.org/W4283649818","https://openalex.org/W4289317883","https://openalex.org/W4307840877","https://openalex.org/W4312235517","https://openalex.org/W4316363426","https://openalex.org/W4366265304","https://openalex.org/W4378193146","https://openalex.org/W4386222113","https://openalex.org/W4389397846","https://openalex.org/W4390347483","https://openalex.org/W4391717713","https://openalex.org/W4391849435","https://openalex.org/W4401052765","https://openalex.org/W4401419286","https://openalex.org/W4404912116"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4311780513","https://openalex.org/W4404554151","https://openalex.org/W3011091342","https://openalex.org/W4238368916","https://openalex.org/W4214952091","https://openalex.org/W2006864913","https://openalex.org/W2496438781","https://openalex.org/W4248092634","https://openalex.org/W2372702148","https://openalex.org/W2185135594"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wheat,":[0],"a":[1],"cornerstone":[2],"of":[3,23,54,60,111,113,129,149,162,176,214,231],"Jordan\u2019s":[4],"food":[5,269],"security":[6,270],"and":[7,19,57,62,64,81,100,120,126,138,140,154,250,267],"agricultural":[8,251],"economy,":[9],"has":[10],"experienced":[11],"fluctuating":[12],"production":[13,45,69,99,137,206,222,266],"dynamics.":[14],"Population":[15],"growth,":[16,247],"climate":[17],"variability,":[18],"the":[20,31,34,52,95,123,146,163,169,183,201,217,243,254,262],"gradual":[21],"integration":[22],"advanced":[24],"farming":[25],"technologies":[26],"drive":[27],"these":[28,189],"fluctuations.":[29],"As":[30],"population":[32,101,246],"expands,":[33],"demand":[35],"for":[36,122,160,256],"wheat":[37,68,98,136,166,198,205,221,265],"naturally":[38],"escalates,":[39],"placing":[40],"increased":[41],"pressure":[42],"on":[43,67,197],"local":[44],"capabilities.":[46],"This":[47,233],"study":[48,106,234],"aimed":[49],"to":[50,74,93,209,227,239,260],"analyze":[51,94],"impact":[53,196],"demographic":[55],"(population)":[56],"climatic":[58,190,248],"parameters":[59],"rainfall":[61,139,158],"maximum":[63,177],"minimum":[65,170],"temperature":[66,141,171,178],"in":[70,145,165,204,220,264,271],"Jordan":[71,150],"from":[72,207,225],"1995":[73,208,226],"2022.":[75],"Geographic":[76],"Information":[77],"Systems":[78],"(GIS)":[79],"techniques":[80],"statistical":[82],"analysis":[83],"methods,":[84],"specifically":[85],"utilizing":[86],"Geographically":[87],"Weighted":[88],"Regression":[89],"(GWR),":[90],"were":[91],"used":[92],"relationship":[96,110,134],"between":[97,135,245],"within":[102],"specific":[103],"periods;":[104],"this":[105],"revealed":[107],"an":[108],"inverse":[109],"coefficient":[112],"determination":[114],"with":[115],"(R2":[116,151],"=":[117,152],"\u22120.56,":[118],"\u22120.78":[119],"\u22120.89)":[121],"north,":[124],"middle,":[125],"south":[127],"regions":[128],"Jordan,":[130],"respectively.":[131,156],"A":[132],"direct":[133,195],"is":[142,223],"explored,":[143],"especially":[144],"southern":[147],"areas":[148],"0.63":[153],"0.81),":[155],"Generally,":[157],"accounted":[159],"(32.26%)":[161],"variations":[164,184],"production,":[167],"while":[168],"contributed":[172],"(30.74%).":[173],"The":[174],"effect":[175],"was":[179],"less":[180],"significant,":[181],"explaining":[182],"(13.24%).":[185],"GWR":[186],"tests":[187],"confirmed":[188],"factors\u2019":[191],"independence,":[192],"indicating":[193],"each\u2019s":[194],"production.":[199,215,232],"However,":[200,216],"total":[202,218],"decrease":[203],"2022":[210],"comprised":[211],"approximately":[212,229],"34.19%":[213,230],"reduction":[219],"shown":[224],"2022,":[228],"recommends":[235],"conducting":[236],"further":[237],"research":[238],"delve":[240],"deeper":[241],"into":[242],"interplay":[244],"changes,":[249],"practices,":[252],"exploring":[253],"potential":[255],"developing":[257],"sustainable":[258],"strategies":[259],"mitigate":[261],"decline":[263],"ensure":[268],"Jordan.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}