{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409418339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70246","title":"One\u2010stage spatial mark\u2013resight analysis reveals an increasing grizzly bear population with declining density near roads","display_name":"One\u2010stage spatial mark\u2013resight analysis reveals an increasing grizzly bear population with declining density near roads","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409418339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70246"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/ecs2.70246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70246","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ecs2.70246","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98723585","display_name":"Ecosphere","issn_l":"2150-8925","issn":["2150-8925"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecosphere","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ecs2.70246","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043371295","display_name":"Jesse Whittington","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4129-7491","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4129-7491"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125932930","display_name":"Parks Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/008sy4716","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125932930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154797","display_name":"Banff National Park","ror":"https://ror.org/0271njn83","country_code":"CA","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125932930","https://openalex.org/I4387154797"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jesse Whittington","raw_affiliation_strings":["Parks Canada Agency, Banff National Park Resource Conservation  Banff Alberta Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4129-7491","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Parks Canada Agency, Banff National Park Resource Conservation  Banff Alberta Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125932930","https://openalex.org/I4387154797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037314876","display_name":"Mark Hebblewhite","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5382-1361","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5382-1361"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6750721","display_name":"University of Montana","ror":"https://ror.org/0078xmk34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6750721"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Hebblewhite","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, College of Forestry and Conservation University of Montana  Missoula Montana USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5382-1361","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, College of Forestry and Conservation University of Montana  Missoula Montana USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6750721"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103025148","display_name":"Connor J. Meyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-1286","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-1286"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6750721","display_name":"University of Montana","ror":"https://ror.org/0078xmk34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6750721"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Connor Meyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, College of Forestry and Conservation University of Montana  Missoula Montana USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-1286","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, College of Forestry and Conservation University of Montana  Missoula Montana USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6750721"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044119266","display_name":"Barb Johnston","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125932930","display_name":"Parks Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/008sy4716","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125932930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154797","display_name":"Banff National Park","ror":"https://ror.org/0271njn83","country_code":"CA","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125932930","https://openalex.org/I4387154797"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barb Johnston","raw_affiliation_strings":["Parks Canada Agency, Banff National Park Resource Conservation  Banff Alberta Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Parks Canada Agency, Banff National Park Resource Conservation  Banff Alberta Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125932930","https://openalex.org/I4387154797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025717486","display_name":"Anne Forshner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1887-3443","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1887-3443"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125932930","display_name":"Parks Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/008sy4716","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125932930"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne Forshner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Parks Canada Agency, Lake Louise, Kootenay and Yoho Resource Conservation  Lake Louise Alberta Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1887-3443","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Parks Canada Agency, Lake Louise, Kootenay and Yoho Resource Conservation  Lake Louise Alberta Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125932930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011228668","display_name":"Bryan J. Macbeth","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125932930","display_name":"Parks Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/008sy4716","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125932930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154797","display_name":"Banff National Park","ror":"https://ror.org/0271njn83","country_code":"CA","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125932930","https://openalex.org/I4387154797"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryan J. Macbeth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Parks Canada Agency, Banff National Park Resource Conservation  Banff Alberta Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Parks Canada Agency, Banff National Park Resource Conservation  Banff Alberta Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125932930","https://openalex.org/I4387154797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075222809","display_name":"Anthony L. Einfeldt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4588-3479","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4588-3479"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125932930","display_name":"Parks Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/008sy4716","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125932930"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony L. Einfeldt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Parks Canada Agency, Lake Louise Kootenay and Yoho Resource Conservation  Radium Hot Springs British Columbia Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4588-3479","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Parks Canada Agency, Lake Louise Kootenay and Yoho Resource Conservation  Radium Hot Springs British Columbia Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125932930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018897231","display_name":"Seth G. Cherry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4242-3629","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4242-3629"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125932930","display_name":"Parks Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/008sy4716","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125932930"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seth G. Cherry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Parks Canada Agency, Lake Louise Kootenay and Yoho Resource Conservation  Radium Hot Springs British Columbia Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4242-3629","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Parks Canada Agency, Lake Louise Kootenay and Yoho Resource Conservation  Radium Hot Springs British Columbia Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125932930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043371295"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125932930","https://openalex.org/I4387154797"],"apc_list":{"value":2430,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2430},"apc_paid":{"value":2430,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2430},"fwci":1.5932,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79403725,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13546","display_name":"Census and Population Estimation","score":0.05770000070333481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11913","display_name":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grizzly-bear","display_name":"grizzly bear","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brown-bear","display_name":"brown bear","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-abundance-estimation","display_name":"population abundance estimation","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-density","display_name":"population density","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproductive-females","display_name":"reproductive females","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activity-centers","display_name":"activity centers","score":0.628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/road-impacts","display_name":"road effects","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protected-areas","display_name":"protected areas","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthropogenic-disturbance","display_name":"human disturbance","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telemetry","display_name":"telemetry","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canadian-rocky-mountains","display_name":"Canadian Rocky Mountains","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carnivore-conservation","display_name":"carnivore conservation","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abundance-trends","display_name":"abundance trends","score":0.546999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.6272419691085815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908882067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171004","display_name":"Grizzly Bears","level":4,"score":0.5732060074806213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.5627059936523438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199733313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22856","display_name":"Population density","level":3,"score":0.48919251561164856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.485566109418869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.3538280129432678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.321991503238678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.14902150630950928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.13542971014976501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776653109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243359","display_name":"Ursus","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/ecs2.70246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70246","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ecs2.70246","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98723585","display_name":"Ecosphere","issn_l":"2150-8925","issn":["2150-8925"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecosphere","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:efe7d49007a8435299b83f8e74725445","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/efe7d49007a8435299b83f8e74725445","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ecosphere, Vol 16, Iss 4, Pp n/a-n/a (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/ecs2.70246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70246","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ecs2.70246","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98723585","display_name":"Ecosphere","issn_l":"2150-8925","issn":["2150-8925"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecosphere","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7605999708175659,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1606705733","display_name":"LTREB Renewal: Mechanisms driving facultative switching in a partially migratory large-herbivore population","funder_award_id":"2038704","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310589","display_name":"University of Montana","ror":"https://ror.org/0078xmk34"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315156","display_name":"Parks Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/008sy4716"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319946","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409418339.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409418339.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1568780066","https://openalex.org/W1970146667","https://openalex.org/W2005690259","https://openalex.org/W2033934263","https://openalex.org/W2057438322","https://openalex.org/W2087311707","https://openalex.org/W2096971206","https://openalex.org/W2103908718","https://openalex.org/W2149752458","https://openalex.org/W2150009594","https://openalex.org/W2156080010","https://openalex.org/W2157787224","https://openalex.org/W2168456527","https://openalex.org/W2172256660","https://openalex.org/W2173621825","https://openalex.org/W2177506769","https://openalex.org/W2273597220","https://openalex.org/W2482939527","https://openalex.org/W2523806673","https://openalex.org/W2552685466","https://openalex.org/W2563540059","https://openalex.org/W2582743722","https://openalex.org/W2626267939","https://openalex.org/W2708941183","https://openalex.org/W2765179244","https://openalex.org/W2785825193","https://openalex.org/W2791287189","https://openalex.org/W2794836531","https://openalex.org/W2811322191","https://openalex.org/W2919129189","https://openalex.org/W2922090127","https://openalex.org/W2923281780","https://openalex.org/W2935276756","https://openalex.org/W2951650028","https://openalex.org/W2966116032","https://openalex.org/W2973113544","https://openalex.org/W2984608256","https://openalex.org/W2992135859","https://openalex.org/W3000888119","https://openalex.org/W3039701999","https://openalex.org/W3081318093","https://openalex.org/W3090399016","https://openalex.org/W3095427140","https://openalex.org/W3098896458","https://openalex.org/W3100646958","https://openalex.org/W3130876593","https://openalex.org/W3178190948","https://openalex.org/W3207563448","https://openalex.org/W4210622999","https://openalex.org/W4210642342","https://openalex.org/W4210759325","https://openalex.org/W4213050903","https://openalex.org/W4213255085","https://openalex.org/W4224062021","https://openalex.org/W4226137929","https://openalex.org/W4292241384","https://openalex.org/W4299797199","https://openalex.org/W4306775937","https://openalex.org/W4307285429","https://openalex.org/W4310598605","https://openalex.org/W4315498849","https://openalex.org/W4386020044","https://openalex.org/W4386047016","https://openalex.org/W4386892138","https://openalex.org/W4392388855","https://openalex.org/W4401573360","https://openalex.org/W4404656173","https://openalex.org/W4409418339"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2626267939","https://openalex.org/W6929625304","https://openalex.org/W7134168481","https://openalex.org/W4210642342","https://openalex.org/W2794836531","https://openalex.org/W3178190948","https://openalex.org/W2984608256","https://openalex.org/W2796562136","https://openalex.org/W2923281780","https://openalex.org/W2157787224"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Wildlife":[1],"ecologists":[2],"throughout":[3],"the":[4,27,59,104,115,136,145,154,198,204,304,313,325],"world":[5],"strive":[6],"to":[7,13,38,45,61,102,124,133,217,237,255,297],"monitor":[8],"trends":[9,143,338],"in":[10,68,95,223,339],"population":[11,60,146,229],"abundance":[12,130,142,209,248],"help":[14],"manage":[15],"wildlife":[16],"populations":[17],"and":[18,64,92,108,120,147,160,194,206,211,253,269,293,312,331],"conserve":[19],"species":[20],"at":[21],"risk.":[22],"Spatial":[23,50],"capture\u2013recapture":[24],"studies":[25],"are":[26,168],"gold":[28],"standard":[29],"for":[30,144,183,318,335],"monitoring":[31,336],"density,":[32],"yet":[33],"they":[34,172],"can":[35],"be":[36,43,62],"difficult":[37],"apply":[39],"because":[40],"researchers":[41],"must":[42],"able":[44],"distinguish":[46],"all":[47],"detected":[48],"individuals.":[49],"mark\u2013resight":[51],"(SMR)":[52],"models":[53,70,162,167,178,334],"only":[54],"require":[55],"a":[56,75,80,96,238],"subset":[57],"of":[58,90,106,153,200,208,220,241,276,286,306,315,328],"marked":[63,91,201,213],"identifiable.":[65],"Recent":[66],"advances":[67],"SMR":[69,83,333],"with":[71,118,151],"radio\u2010collared":[72],"animals":[73,94,202,214],"required":[74,216],"two\u2010staged":[76],"analysis.":[77,98],"We":[78,99,112,140],"developed":[79],"one\u2010stage":[81,116],"generalized":[82],"(gSMR)":[84],"model":[85],"that":[86,158],"used":[87,100],"detection":[88],"histories":[89],"unmarked":[93],"single":[97],"simulations":[101],"assess":[103],"performance":[105],"one\u2010":[107,159],"two\u2010stage":[109,161,177],"gSMR":[110,117],"models.":[111],"then":[113],"applied":[114],"telemetry":[119],"remote":[121,329],"camera":[122,330],"data":[123,185],"estimate":[125],"grizzly":[126,227,243],"bear":[127,228],"(Ursus":[128],"arctos)":[129],"from":[131,271],"2012":[132],"2023":[134,239],"within":[135,263,266],"Canadian":[137],"Rocky":[138],"Mountains.":[139],"estimated":[141],"reproductive":[148],"females":[149],"(females":[150],"cubs":[152],"year).":[155],"Simulations":[156],"suggest":[157],"performed":[163],"equally":[164],"well.":[165],"One\u2010stage":[166],"more":[169],"dependable":[170],"as":[171],"use":[173],"exact":[174],"likelihoods,":[175],"whereas":[176],"have":[179,289],"shorter":[180],"computation":[181],"times":[182],"large":[184],"sets.":[186],"Both":[187],"methods":[188],"had":[189,249],">95%":[190],"credible":[191],"interval":[192],"coverage":[193],"minimal":[195],"bias.":[196],"Increasing":[197],"number":[199],"increased":[203,230,254],"accuracy":[205],"precision":[207],"estimates,":[210],"\u226510":[212],"were":[215],"obtain":[218],"coefficients":[219],"variation":[221],"<20%":[222],"most":[224],"scenarios.":[225],"The":[226,274],"slightly":[231],"(growth":[232],"rate":[233],"\u03bbmean":[234],"=":[235],"1.02)":[236],"density":[240,260,275,311],"10.4":[242],"bears/1000":[244,257],"km2.":[245,258],"Reproductive":[246],"female":[247],"high":[250],"interannual":[251],"variability":[252],"1.0":[256],"Population":[259],"was":[261],"highest":[262],"protected":[264,316],"areas,":[265],"high\u2010quality":[267],"habitat":[268],"far":[270],"paved":[272,281],"roads.":[273],"activity":[277,295,308],"centers":[278,296],"declined":[279],"near":[280],"roads":[282],"over":[283],"time.":[284],"Mechanisms":[285],"decline":[287],"may":[288],"included":[290],"direct":[291],"mortality":[292],"shifting":[294],"avoid":[298],"human":[299,307],"activity.":[300],"Our":[301],"study":[302,323],"demonstrates":[303],"influence":[305],"on":[309],"localized":[310],"importance":[314],"areas":[317],"carnivore":[319],"conservation.":[320],"Finally,":[321],"our":[322],"highlights":[324],"widespread":[326],"utility":[327],"telemetry\u2010based":[332],"spatiotemporal":[337],"abundance.":[340]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2025-04-15T00:00:00"}
