{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409306325","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.64.4.046102","title":"Experimental investigation on optimal pump wavelength and efficiency thermal drifting in erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber amplifier","display_name":"Experimental investigation on optimal pump wavelength and efficiency thermal drifting in erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber amplifier","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409306325","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.64.4.046102"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/1.oe.64.4.046102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.64.4.046102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.64.4.046102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175543413","display_name":"Optical Engineering","issn_l":"0091-3286","issn":["0091-3286","1560-2303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018233815","display_name":"Xuening Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6182-3559","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6182-3559","https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3680-8596"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2722730","display_name":"Inner Mongolia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0106qb496","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuening Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inner Mongolia Univ","Inner Mongolia University, School of Physical Science and Technology, Hohhot, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3680-8596","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inner Mongolia Univ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inner Mongolia University, School of Physical Science and Technology, Hohhot, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7598-6216","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7598-6216"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2722730","display_name":"Inner Mongolia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0106qb496","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inner Mongolia Univ","Inner Mongolia University, School of Physical Science and Technology, Hohhot, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7598-6216","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inner Mongolia Univ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inner Mongolia University, School of Physical Science and Technology, Hohhot, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091788185","display_name":"Xiaolei Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2871-1712","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2871-1712"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2722730","display_name":"Inner Mongolia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0106qb496","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolei Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inner Mongolia Univ","Inner Mongolia University, School of Physical Science and Technology, Hohhot, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2871-1712","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inner Mongolia Univ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inner Mongolia University, School of Physical Science and Technology, Hohhot, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091788185"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03447847,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"04","first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.5346999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.5346999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10846","display_name":"Photonic Crystal and Fiber Optics","score":0.4171999990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.010900000110268593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pump-wavelength-optimization","display_name":"pump wavelength optimization","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-drift","display_name":"temperature drift","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplified-spontaneous-emission-suppression","display_name":"amplified spontaneous emission suppression","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplification-efficiency","display_name":"amplification efficiency","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-management","display_name":"thermal management","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-power-fiber-amplifiers","display_name":"high-power fiber amplifiers","score":0.7599999904632568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545659032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1855","display_name":"Ytterbium","level":3,"score":0.7818232774734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7086089253425598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513967374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1849","display_name":"Erbium","level":3,"score":0.5949114561080933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984919002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359305","display_name":"Erbium doped fiber amplifier","level":4,"score":0.5944002270698547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.558111310005188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17163034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q390528","display_name":"Fiber laser","level":3,"score":0.5556777715682983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.5210863351821899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986726991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359305","display_name":"Fiber amplifier","level":4,"score":0.5150096416473389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57863236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130571","display_name":"Doping","level":2,"score":0.5131328701972961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5092107057571411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101649071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359305","display_name":"Optical amplifier","level":3,"score":0.4901011884212494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.48834821581840515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160724564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620670","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.47695744037628174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.4564230144023895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.4236920475959778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.23902779817581177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0815025269985199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/1.oe.64.4.046102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.64.4.046102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.64.4.046102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175543413","display_name":"Optical Engineering","issn_l":"0091-3286","issn":["0091-3286","1560-2303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4130187731","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62265013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1911590525","https://openalex.org/W1971388791","https://openalex.org/W1988972099","https://openalex.org/W2006497486","https://openalex.org/W2007811032","https://openalex.org/W2042441447","https://openalex.org/W2043880411","https://openalex.org/W2051722728","https://openalex.org/W2062413580","https://openalex.org/W2134907509","https://openalex.org/W2318864990","https://openalex.org/W2747596440","https://openalex.org/W2891974541","https://openalex.org/W3083079241","https://openalex.org/W3127737084"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162275841","https://openalex.org/W2055428387","https://openalex.org/W1613375309","https://openalex.org/W3150909344","https://openalex.org/W1966295361","https://openalex.org/W2087214620","https://openalex.org/W2047436035","https://openalex.org/W3126658053","https://openalex.org/W2350690843","https://openalex.org/W2114591537"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,15,77,130],"optimization":[1],"selection":[2],"of":[3,17,36,137],"gain":[4],"fiber":[5,13,20,40,75,102,128],"length":[6],"is":[7,43,118],"an":[8],"important":[9],"step":[10],"in":[11,46,162],"designing":[12,153],"amplifiers.":[14],"influence":[16],"pump":[18,63,70,124],"wavelength,":[19],"length,":[21],"and":[22,29,160],"temperature-induced":[23],"wavelength":[24,61,71,125],"drift":[25],"on":[26],"amplification":[27,166],"efficiency":[28,85,107,161],"ytterbium-band":[30],"amplified":[31],"spontaneous":[32],"emission":[33],"(Yb-ASE)":[34],"suppression":[35],"the":[37,60,68,122],"erbium-ytterbium":[38],"co-doped":[39],"amplifiers":[41],"(EYDFAs)":[42],"experimentally":[44],"analyzed":[45],"this":[47],"work.":[48],"Three":[49],"commercial":[50],"laser":[51],"diodes":[52],"(LDs)":[53],"are":[54],"thermal":[55,82,158],"modulated":[56],"to":[57,92,120,139],"use":[58],"as":[59,142],"tunable":[62],"source.":[64],"Results":[65],"reveal":[66],"that":[67],"optimal":[69,123],"blue-shifts":[72],"with":[73,84,156],"increasing":[74],"length.":[76],"940-nm":[78],"LD":[79],"demonstrates":[80],"superior":[81],"stability,":[83],"fluctuations":[86],"\u22640.1%":[87],"under":[88],"temperature":[89],"variations":[90],"(20\u00b0C":[91],"30\u00b0C),":[93],"significantly":[94],"lower":[95],"than":[96],"other":[97],"LDs.":[98],"In":[99],"addition,":[100],"longer":[101],"lengths":[103],"(>6":[104],"m)":[105],"enhance":[106],"for":[108,126,144,152],"940":[109],"nm":[110],"pumping":[111],"while":[112],"suppressing":[113],"Yb-ASE.":[114],"An":[115],"empirical":[116],"formula":[117],"derived":[119],"predict":[121],"varying":[127],"lengths.":[129],"study":[131],"identifies":[132],"a":[133],"total":[134],"absorption":[135],"range":[136],"14":[138],"15":[140],"dB":[141],"critical":[143],"engineering":[145],"optimization.":[146],"These":[147],"results":[148],"provide":[149],"practical":[150],"insights":[151],"high-power":[154],"EYDFAs":[155],"improved":[157],"management":[159],"achieving":[163],"stable,":[164],"high-performance":[165],"systems.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}