{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409201899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5465/amproc.2026.22251abstract","title":"Organizational Technology Ladders: Remote Work and Generative AI Adoption","display_name":"Organizational Technology Ladders: Remote Work and Generative AI Adoption","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409201899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5465/amproc.2026.22251abstract"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5465/amproc.2026.22251abstract","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5465/amproc.2026.22251abstract","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5465/amproc.2026.22251abstract","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210223487","display_name":"Academy of Management Proceedings","issn_l":"0065-0668","issn":["0065-0668","2151-6561","2376-7197"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316266","host_organization_name":"Academy of Management","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316266"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Management"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academy of Management Proceedings","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-abstract","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5094265","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088498667","display_name":"Gregor Schubert","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gregor Schubert","raw_affiliation_strings":["UCLA Anderson School of Management, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1481, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCLA Anderson School of Management, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1481, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088498667"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2026","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.44749999046325684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.44749999046325684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10722","display_name":"Work-Family Balance Challenges","score":0.11159999668598175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12501","display_name":"Digital Economy and Work Transformation","score":0.09929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-work","display_name":"remote work","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-ai-adoption","display_name":"generative AI adoption","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-advertisements","display_name":"job advertisements","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-hiring","display_name":"remote hiring","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chatgpt","display_name":"ChatGPT","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technological-competence","display_name":"technological competence","score":0.32100000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-making-tasks","display_name":"decision-making tasks","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-market-pressure","display_name":"labor market pressure","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-companies","display_name":"technology companies","score":0.36500000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-based-model","display_name":"task-based model","score":0.550000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.705274224281311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.692462682723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.49199149012565613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4595751464366913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.31769001483917236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.29917338490486145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2107999324798584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.07927727699279785}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5465/amproc.2026.22251abstract","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5465/amproc.2026.22251abstract","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5465/amproc.2026.22251abstract","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210223487","display_name":"Academy of Management Proceedings","issn_l":"0065-0668","issn":["0065-0668","2151-6561","2376-7197"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316266","host_organization_name":"Academy of Management","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316266"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Management"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academy of Management Proceedings","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.5094265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5094265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5094265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2608.11626","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.11626","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.11626","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2608.11626","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.11626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.11626","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.5094265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5094265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5094265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.9211000204086304,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409201899.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409201899.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1581743372","https://openalex.org/W1884571572","https://openalex.org/W2129643610","https://openalex.org/W2151169308","https://openalex.org/W2159549133","https://openalex.org/W2890782667","https://openalex.org/W2897697024","https://openalex.org/W2952814763","https://openalex.org/W2999099995","https://openalex.org/W3015183602","https://openalex.org/W3031254793","https://openalex.org/W3045635324","https://openalex.org/W3111727486","https://openalex.org/W3120397944","https://openalex.org/W3159425002","https://openalex.org/W3167033856","https://openalex.org/W4289449379","https://openalex.org/W4289464906","https://openalex.org/W4296212654","https://openalex.org/W4320855218","https://openalex.org/W4323309118","https://openalex.org/W4366817968","https://openalex.org/W4375852308","https://openalex.org/W4384154918","https://openalex.org/W4385749916","https://openalex.org/W4388291555","https://openalex.org/W4388628063","https://openalex.org/W4394730069","https://openalex.org/W4399567465","https://openalex.org/W4399848789","https://openalex.org/W4402864109","https://openalex.org/W4404033890","https://openalex.org/W4405896613","https://openalex.org/W4408373502","https://openalex.org/W7160399888"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7161775322","https://openalex.org/W7161754689","https://openalex.org/W7164046417","https://openalex.org/W7222988708","https://openalex.org/W7171656031","https://openalex.org/W4414051678","https://openalex.org/W4416840375","https://openalex.org/W7110484943","https://openalex.org/W7171651421","https://openalex.org/W7172536451"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,249],"study,":[2],"I":[3,31,70,162,247],"propose":[4],"that":[5,72,130,171,182,225,264],"firms":[6,102,131,157],"move":[7],"along":[8],"an":[9,56,87],"\"organizational":[10],"technology":[11,15,42,178,250],"ladder'':":[12],"adopting":[13,27],"one":[14],"transforms":[16],"hiring":[17,141,176,245],"and":[18,55,103,169,179],"work":[19,41,79,173,212],"processes,":[20],"which":[21,205],"then":[22,183],"changes":[23,114],"the":[24,28,34,44,82,125,164,202,208,266],"costs":[25],"of":[26,36,39,46,98,117,127,257,268],"next":[29],"technology.":[30],"focus":[32],"on":[33,43,60],"impact":[35],"firms'":[37,115],"adoption":[38,112,174,192],"remote":[40,68,78,118,140,172,211,228],"proliferation":[45],"generative":[47,93,136,187,242],"AI":[48,94,111,137,188,191,243],"technology:":[49],"using":[50,253],"detailed":[51],"job":[52,90],"posting":[53],"data":[54],"IV":[57],"approach":[58],"based":[59],"differences":[61],"in":[62,77,84,89,201,210,213,261],"labor":[63],"market":[64],"pressure":[65],"to":[66,135,145,240],"allow":[67],"work,":[69],"show":[71,170],"a":[73,120,146,151,234,254],"10":[74],"pp":[75,100,105],"rise":[76],"induced":[80],"by":[81,96,142,232],"instrument":[83],"2021-2022":[85],"causes":[86],"increase":[88],"postings":[91],"mentioning":[92],"skill":[95],"2024":[97],"0.4":[99],"across":[101,106],"1.1":[104],"occupations":[107],"within":[108],"firms.":[109,161],"Generative":[110,190],"also":[113],"use":[116],"work:":[119],"synthetic":[121],"difference-in-differences":[122],"estimation":[123],"around":[124],"release":[126],"ChatGPT":[128],"shows":[129],"with":[132,150],"greater":[133],"exposure":[134],"reduced":[138],"their":[139],"13%":[143],"relative":[144],"matched":[147],"control":[148],"group,":[149],"more":[152,185,199,238],"negative":[153],"effect":[154],"for":[155,159,166],"tech":[156,203],"than":[158],"non-tech":[160],"explore":[163],"mechanism":[165,252],"these":[167],"effects":[168],"shifts":[175],"towards":[177,197],"management":[180],"skills":[181],"enable":[184],"rapid":[186],"adoption.":[189],"skews":[193],"remaining":[194],"human":[195],"tasks":[196,217],"requiring":[198],"decision-making":[200],"sector,":[204],"can":[206],"explain":[207],"decline":[209],"tech,":[214],"if":[215],"decision-intensive":[216],"are":[218,237],"less":[219],"productive":[220],"while":[221],"working":[222],"remotely.":[223,246],"Firms":[224],"have":[226],"low":[227],"productivity,":[229],"as":[230],"evidenced":[231],"having":[233],"return-to-office":[235],"mandate,":[236],"likely":[239],"adopt":[241],"after":[244],"formalize":[248],"ladder":[251],"task-based":[255],"model":[256],"sequential":[258],"firm":[259],"investments":[260],"new":[262],"technologies":[263],"change":[265],"importance":[267],"in-person":[269],"coordination.":[270]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2025-04-06T00:00:00"}