{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408990119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1536174","title":"A scoping review of empirical research on executive functions and game intelligence in soccer","display_name":"A scoping review of empirical research on executive functions and game intelligence in soccer","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408990119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1536174","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40230991","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11994698"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1536174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1536174","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1536174","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1536174","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001232623","display_name":"Jan Arvid Haugan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5758-7813","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5758-7813"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jan Arvid Haugan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Teacher Education, Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Teacher Education, Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108173188","display_name":"Kathrine Lervold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5936-8098","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5936-8098"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathrine Lervold","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Teacher Education, Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Teacher Education, Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116852451","display_name":"Hilde Kaalvik","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155565","display_name":"Statped","ror":"https://ror.org/05t76y454","country_code":"NO","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155565"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hilde Kaalvik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Statped, Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Statped, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155565"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071087310","display_name":"Frode Moen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6290-5070","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6290-5070"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frode Moen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Elite Sports Research, Department of Education and Lifelong Learning, Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Elite Sports Research, Department of Education and Lifelong Learning, Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001232623"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":3.5748,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93665158,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":null,"first_page":"1536174","last_page":"1536174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10813","display_name":"Sport Psychology and Performance","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10813","display_name":"Sport Psychology and Performance","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.00570000009611249,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14229","display_name":"Physical education and sports games research","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executive-function","display_name":"executive function","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-intelligence","display_name":"game intelligence","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elite-football","display_name":"elite football","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-memory","display_name":"working memory","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-flexibility","display_name":"cognitive flexibility","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inhibitory-control","display_name":"inhibitory control","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-decision-making","display_name":"strategic decision-making","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/playing-position","display_name":"playing position","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceptual-cognitive-training","display_name":"perceptual-cognitive training","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-training","display_name":"cognitive training","score":0.34700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soccer-performance","display_name":"soccer performance","score":0.3240000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7864900827407837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779549880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5542226","display_name":"PsycINFO","level":3,"score":0.7073221802711487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.6242877244949341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27158222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532422","display_name":"Generalizability theory","level":2,"score":0.6103754639625549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83867959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371467","display_name":"Scopus","level":3,"score":0.5877989530563354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.5718473792076111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775968953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q783092","display_name":"Executive functions","level":3,"score":0.4872116446495056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.486272931098938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4807124435901642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.4740811586380005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197947376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5155608","display_name":"Comparability","level":2,"score":0.45779258012771606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66102695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141208","display_name":"Cognitive flexibility","level":3,"score":0.44146299362182617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.276179701089859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.15791064500808716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1536174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1536174","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1536174","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:10807133","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11994698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:40230991","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40230991","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in psychology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11994698","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11994698/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Psychol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f4eeafdde68946159388b0611040fd29","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f4eeafdde68946159388b0611040fd29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology, Vol 16 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1536174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1536174","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1536174","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5683000087738037,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W857692259","https://openalex.org/W1553300189","https://openalex.org/W2006653902","https://openalex.org/W2007872832","https://openalex.org/W2008352585","https://openalex.org/W2021881532","https://openalex.org/W2034471378","https://openalex.org/W2046346369","https://openalex.org/W2050201661","https://openalex.org/W2062728631","https://openalex.org/W2075950485","https://openalex.org/W2099829076","https://openalex.org/W2106848425","https://openalex.org/W2119486501","https://openalex.org/W2122168703","https://openalex.org/W2144344477","https://openalex.org/W2148564471","https://openalex.org/W2148920334","https://openalex.org/W2190255709","https://openalex.org/W2282807361","https://openalex.org/W2291366587","https://openalex.org/W2514517103","https://openalex.org/W2567445045","https://openalex.org/W2606912288","https://openalex.org/W2771116719","https://openalex.org/W2794014169","https://openalex.org/W2827951800","https://openalex.org/W2888292739","https://openalex.org/W2896408720","https://openalex.org/W2898163764","https://openalex.org/W2899764532","https://openalex.org/W2902515863","https://openalex.org/W2911509440","https://openalex.org/W2915645291","https://openalex.org/W2918638404","https://openalex.org/W2971483578","https://openalex.org/W2994268806","https://openalex.org/W3010449354","https://openalex.org/W3016028081","https://openalex.org/W3033209299","https://openalex.org/W3037366954","https://openalex.org/W3037762904","https://openalex.org/W3087170876","https://openalex.org/W3091804263","https://openalex.org/W3091862071","https://openalex.org/W3120138308","https://openalex.org/W3152927413","https://openalex.org/W3156092136","https://openalex.org/W3174517052","https://openalex.org/W3198914706","https://openalex.org/W3215947207","https://openalex.org/W4211081781","https://openalex.org/W4226330243","https://openalex.org/W4291415335","https://openalex.org/W4292708354","https://openalex.org/W4302397094","https://openalex.org/W4308869297","https://openalex.org/W4309263543","https://openalex.org/W4312951768","https://openalex.org/W4317823576","https://openalex.org/W4377245775","https://openalex.org/W4378602961","https://openalex.org/W4385251407","https://openalex.org/W4388655174","https://openalex.org/W4396798708","https://openalex.org/W4405263773","https://openalex.org/W4406357613"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3037366954","https://openalex.org/W3156092136","https://openalex.org/W2888292739","https://openalex.org/W2581738546","https://openalex.org/W7116697337","https://openalex.org/W2587377311","https://openalex.org/W7213920118","https://openalex.org/W3045153501","https://openalex.org/W3207597432","https://openalex.org/W7073608779"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Executive":[1],"functions":[2],"(EFs)-including":[3],"working":[4],"memory,":[5],"cognitive":[6,175],"flexibility,":[7],"inhibitory":[8],"control,":[9],"and":[10,30,55,64,68,81,92,144,152,168,176],"planning-are":[11],"essential":[12],"for":[13,70,161,173],"adaptive":[14],"decision-making":[15],"in":[16,33,104,138],"dynamic":[17],"environments":[18],"like":[19],"elite":[20,35,182],"soccer.":[21],"This":[22,147],"scoping":[23],"review":[24,74,157],"explores":[25],"the":[26,131,139,150,159],"relationship":[27],"between":[28,62,79],"EFs":[29,80,115,143],"game":[31,87,145],"intelligence":[32],"adult":[34],"soccer":[36,183],"players.":[37],"Methods:":[38],"A":[39],"systematic":[40],"search":[41],"was":[42],"conducted":[43],"across":[44,107],"six":[45],"major":[46],"databases:":[47],"Scopus,":[48],"Web":[49],"of":[50,141,154],"Science,":[51],"SportDiscus,":[52],"PubMed,":[53],"PsycInfo,":[54],"ERIC.":[56],"Fifteen":[57],"peer-reviewed":[58],"empirical":[59],"studies":[60,112,132],"published":[61],"2000":[63],"2023":[65],"were":[66],"identified":[67],"analyzed":[69],"inclusion.":[71],"Results:":[72],"The":[73,156],"reveals":[75],"a":[76],"strong":[77],"association":[78],"players'":[82],"ability":[83],"to":[84,101,179],"process":[85],"complex":[86],"situations,":[88],"anticipate":[89],"opponents'":[90],"actions,":[91],"make":[93],"strategic":[94],"decisions":[95],"under":[96],"pressure.":[97],"Evidence":[98],"also":[99],"points":[100],"possible":[102],"variations":[103],"EF":[105],"demands":[106],"playing":[108],"positions.":[109],"Additionally,":[110],"several":[111],"suggest":[113],"that":[114,171],"may":[116],"be":[117],"trainable":[118],"through":[119],"perceptual-cognitive":[120],"interventions,":[121],"although":[122],"this":[123],"area":[124],"remains":[125],"underexplored.":[126],"Discussion:":[127],"Despite":[128],"promising":[129],"findings,":[130],"exhibit":[133],"substantial":[134],"methodological":[135],"heterogeneity,":[136],"particularly":[137],"operationalization":[140],"both":[142,174],"intelligence.":[146],"variability":[148],"limits":[149],"comparability":[151],"generalizability":[153],"results.":[155],"underscores":[158],"need":[160],"more":[162],"standardized":[163],"methodologies,":[164],"longitudinal":[165],"research":[166],"designs,":[167],"integrative":[169],"approaches":[170],"account":[172],"personality":[177],"factors":[178],"better":[180],"understand":[181],"performance.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2025-03-31T00:00:00"}