{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408840271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1439325","title":"Urinary metal levels and their association with Parkinson\u2019s disease risk: insights from NHANES 2013\u20132020","display_name":"Urinary metal levels and their association with Parkinson\u2019s disease risk: insights from NHANES 2013\u20132020","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408840271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1439325","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40206165","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11979115"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1439325","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1439325","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1439325","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595931848","display_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","issn_l":"2296-2565","issn":["2296-2565"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1439325","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109753913","display_name":"Jia-jie Lv","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097066","display_name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/010826a91","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097066"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia-jie Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I4210097066"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100406128","display_name":"Xinyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4030-4394","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4030-4394"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097066","display_name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/010826a91","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097066"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin-yu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China","Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I4210097066"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067438263","display_name":"Chenghao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3424-6004","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3424-6004"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097066","display_name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/010826a91","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097066"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cheng-hao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I4210097066"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067438263"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780","https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I4210097066"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":2.5033,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87897432,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"1439325","last_page":"1439325"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10790","display_name":"Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10790","display_name":"Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.016300000250339508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10139","display_name":"Heavy metals in environment","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urinary-metals","display_name":"urinary metals","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metal-exposure","display_name":"metal exposure","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molybdenum","display_name":"molybdenum","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cadmium","display_name":"cadmium","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thallium","display_name":"thallium","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cobalt","display_name":"cobalt","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barium","display_name":"barium","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uranium","display_name":"uranium","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimony","display_name":"antimony","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cesium","display_name":"cesium","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead","display_name":"lead","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-risk-factors","display_name":"environmental risk factors","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-metal-exposure","display_name":"combined metal exposure","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-dose-response-relationship","display_name":"nonlinear dose-response relationship","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nhanes","display_name":"NHANES","score":0.7490000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779874844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1967281","display_name":"National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","level":3,"score":0.7056170701980591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.598426103591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.5315157175064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.47372952103614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77411442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181100","display_name":"Urinary system","level":2,"score":0.4599084258079529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.45400404930114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.39870157837867737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.36437591910362244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.19320270419120789}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004781","descriptor_name":"Environmental Exposure","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004781","descriptor_name":"Environmental Exposure","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008670","descriptor_name":"Metals","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009749","descriptor_name":"Nutrition Surveys","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010300","descriptor_name":"Parkinson Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010300","descriptor_name":"Parkinson Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1439325","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1439325","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1439325","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595931848","display_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","issn_l":"2296-2565","issn":["2296-2565"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11979115","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11979115/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11979115/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Public Health","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:40206165","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40206165","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in public health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ac98c4f2a5c940fab6cecad1c1f40e8c","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ac98c4f2a5c940fab6cecad1c1f40e8c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health, Vol 13 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1439325","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1439325","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1439325","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595931848","display_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","issn_l":"2296-2565","issn":["2296-2565"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408840271.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408840271.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964969723","https://openalex.org/W1979720163","https://openalex.org/W1985855275","https://openalex.org/W1993790483","https://openalex.org/W1998100748","https://openalex.org/W2009881648","https://openalex.org/W2011865613","https://openalex.org/W2022434891","https://openalex.org/W2025081536","https://openalex.org/W2027620627","https://openalex.org/W2082613021","https://openalex.org/W2084579388","https://openalex.org/W2093977564","https://openalex.org/W2143717335","https://openalex.org/W2267907650","https://openalex.org/W2531872507","https://openalex.org/W2558952532","https://openalex.org/W2613929178","https://openalex.org/W2748986733","https://openalex.org/W2775528199","https://openalex.org/W2899197098","https://openalex.org/W2911879026","https://openalex.org/W2971821347","https://openalex.org/W3020512321","https://openalex.org/W3144028834","https://openalex.org/W3172058623","https://openalex.org/W4211151576","https://openalex.org/W4295753421","https://openalex.org/W4319763457","https://openalex.org/W4324138245","https://openalex.org/W4362658143","https://openalex.org/W4384933773","https://openalex.org/W4385760267","https://openalex.org/W4387845426","https://openalex.org/W4389793963"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4362658143","https://openalex.org/W4409680938","https://openalex.org/W4316924857","https://openalex.org/W3210848592","https://openalex.org/W4400058764","https://openalex.org/W4394599372","https://openalex.org/W4386501597","https://openalex.org/W4416775657","https://openalex.org/W2109778062","https://openalex.org/W2806439482"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Parkinson's":[1,106],"disease":[2,107],"(PD)":[3,108],"poses":[4],"a":[5,95,185,289],"significant":[6],"public":[7],"health":[8],"challenge":[9],"worldwide,":[10],"with":[11,105,197,230,270],"both":[12,125],"genetic":[13],"predispositions":[14],"and":[15,22,52,65,90,118,127,154,176,212,224,266],"behavioral":[16],"factors":[17],"contributing":[18],"to":[19,123,139,167,193,280],"its":[20],"onset":[21],"progression.":[23],"While":[24],"the":[25,46,53,62,141,149,158,169,198,202,235,243],"precise":[26],"mechanisms":[27],"underlying":[28],"PD":[29,177,231,274,286],"remain":[30],"uncertain,":[31],"environmental":[32],"influences":[33],"are":[34,268],"increasingly":[35],"acknowledged":[36],"as":[37],"critical":[38],"risk":[39,287],"factors.":[40],"This":[41],"research":[42],"focused":[43],"on":[44],"investigating":[45],"relationship":[47],"between":[48,172],"urinary":[49,70,173,259],"metal":[50,129,174,239],"levels":[51,71],"likelihood":[54],"of":[55,72,97,144,151,245,253,261,273],"developing":[56],"PD.":[57,246],"Methods:":[58],"Using":[59],"data":[60,255],"from":[61],"National":[63],"Health":[64],"Nutrition":[66],"Examination":[67],"Survey":[68],"(NHANES),":[69],"nine":[73],"metals-barium":[74],"(Ba),":[75],"cadmium":[76],"(Cd),":[77],"cobalt":[78],"(Co),":[79],"cesium":[80],"(Cs),":[81],"molybdenum":[82],"(Mo),":[83],"lead":[84],"(Pb),":[85],"antimony":[86],"(Sb),":[87],"thallium":[88],"(Tl),":[89],"uranium":[91],"(Tu)-were":[92],"measured":[93],"in":[94,201,288],"cohort":[96],"3,148":[98],"US":[99,276],"adults.":[100,277],"To":[101],"examine":[102],"their":[103],"association":[104,187],"risk,":[109],"multivariate":[110],"logistic":[111],"regression,":[112,117],"weighted":[113],"quantile":[114,119],"sum":[115],"(WQS)":[116],"regression":[120,135],"were":[121,205,227],"employed":[122],"evaluate":[124],"single":[126,223],"combined":[128],"exposures.":[130],"Additionally,":[131],"Bayesian":[132],"kernel":[133],"machine":[134],"(BKMR)":[136],"was":[137,164],"utilized":[138],"explore":[140],"joint":[142],"effects":[143],"these":[145],"metals,":[146],"allowing":[147],"for":[148],"assessment":[150],"potential":[152],"nonlinear":[153,170],"non-additive":[155],"interactions":[156],"(using":[157],"\"BKMR\"":[159],"package).":[160],"Smooth":[161],"curve":[162],"fitting":[163],"further":[165],"applied":[166],"visualize":[168],"relationships":[171],"concentrations":[175,240,260],"risk.":[178,232],"Results:":[179],"<":[180],"0.05).":[181],"Mixed-exposure":[182],"analyses":[183],"showed":[184,220],"consistent":[186],"(OR":[188],"1.48,":[189],"95%":[190],"CI":[191],"1.06":[192],"2.06).":[194],"The":[195],"metals":[196,226,262,282],"highest":[199],"weight":[200],"WQS":[203],"model":[204,218],"Mo":[206],"(56.79%),":[207],"Co":[208],"(34.20%),":[209],"Ba":[210],"(3.33%),":[211],"Tu":[213,267],"(3.27%).":[214],"In":[215,248],"addition,":[216],"BKMR":[217],"analysis":[219,252],"that":[221,238,257],"most":[222],"mixed":[225],"positively":[228],"associated":[229,269],"Taken":[233],"together,":[234],"results":[236],"suggest":[237],"can":[241],"increase":[242],"prevalence":[244],"Conclusion:":[247],"conclusion,":[249],"this":[250],"cross-sectional":[251],"NHANES":[254],"indicates":[256],"higher":[258],"including":[263],"Mo,":[264],"Cd,":[265],"increased":[271],"odds":[272],"among":[275],"Mixed":[278],"exposures":[279],"several":[281],"may":[283],"jointly":[284],"elevate":[285],"dose-dependent":[290],"manner.":[291]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2025-03-26T00:00:00"}
