{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407658250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2025-338-27","title":"\u0412\u0418\u041a\u041e\u0420\u0418\u0421\u0422\u0410\u041d\u041d\u042f \u0421\u0418\u0421\u0422\u0415\u041c\u0418 \u00ab\u0425\u0410\u0412\u0410\u041b\u0410\u00bb \u041f\u0420\u0418 \u0417\u0414\u0406\u0419\u0421\u041d\u0415\u041d\u041d\u0406 \u041d\u0415\u0424\u041e\u0420\u041c\u0410\u041b\u042c\u041d\u0418\u0425 \u041c\u0406\u0416\u041d\u0410\u0420\u041e\u0414\u041d\u0418\u0425 \u0413\u0420\u041e\u0428\u041e\u0412\u0418\u0425 \u041f\u0415\u0420\u0415\u041a\u0410\u0417\u0406\u0412","display_name":"\u0412\u0418\u041a\u041e\u0420\u0418\u0421\u0422\u0410\u041d\u041d\u042f \u0421\u0418\u0421\u0422\u0415\u041c\u0418 \u00ab\u0425\u0410\u0412\u0410\u041b\u0410\u00bb \u041f\u0420\u0418 \u0417\u0414\u0406\u0419\u0421\u041d\u0415\u041d\u041d\u0406 \u041d\u0415\u0424\u041e\u0420\u041c\u0410\u041b\u042c\u041d\u0418\u0425 \u041c\u0406\u0416\u041d\u0410\u0420\u041e\u0414\u041d\u0418\u0425 \u0413\u0420\u041e\u0428\u041e\u0412\u0418\u0425 \u041f\u0415\u0420\u0415\u041a\u0410\u0417\u0406\u0412","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407658250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2025-338-27"},"language":"uk","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31891/2307-5740-2025-338-27","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2025-338-27","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2025-338-27","pdf_url":"https://heraldes.khmnu.edu.ua/index.php/heraldes/article/download/1452/1481","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210237324","display_name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University Economic sciences","issn_l":"2226-9150","issn":["2226-9150","2307-5740"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I164756455","host_organization_name":"Khmelnytskyi National University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164756455"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://heraldes.khmnu.edu.ua/index.php/heraldes/article/download/1452/1481","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019552729","display_name":"\u041e. \u0410. \u0424\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9093-5026","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9093-5026"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164756455","display_name":"Khmelnytskyi National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04r8a1r80","country_code":"UA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164756455"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u041e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u0424\u0420\u0410\u0414\u0418\u041d\u0421\u042c\u041a\u0418\u0419","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u0425\u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9093-5026","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u0425\u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164756455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019552729"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164756455"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"338","issue":"1","first_page":"186","last_page":"190"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10349","display_name":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","score":0.2587999999523163,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10349","display_name":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","score":0.2587999999523163,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10987","display_name":"Microfinance and Financial Inclusion","score":0.21250000596046448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11365","display_name":"Islamic Finance and Banking Studies","score":0.18440000712871552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hawala","display_name":"hawala","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informal-money-transfer","display_name":"informal money transfer","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-money-transfers","display_name":"international money transfers","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remittances","display_name":"remittances","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidentiality","display_name":"confidentiality","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/money-laundering","display_name":"money laundering","score":0.4020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muslim-world","display_name":"Islamic world","score":0.3400000035762787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2948514521121979}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31891/2307-5740-2025-338-27","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2025-338-27","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2025-338-27","pdf_url":"https://heraldes.khmnu.edu.ua/index.php/heraldes/article/download/1452/1481","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210237324","display_name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University Economic sciences","issn_l":"2226-9150","issn":["2226-9150","2307-5740"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I164756455","host_organization_name":"Khmelnytskyi National University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164756455"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31891/2307-5740-2025-338-27","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2025-338-27","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2025-338-27","pdf_url":"https://heraldes.khmnu.edu.ua/index.php/heraldes/article/download/1452/1481","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210237324","display_name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University Economic sciences","issn_l":"2226-9150","issn":["2226-9150","2307-5740"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I164756455","host_organization_name":"Khmelnytskyi National University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164756455"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8999999761581421}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407658250.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407658250.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W747782055","https://openalex.org/W2053650348","https://openalex.org/W2617486062","https://openalex.org/W4408869192","https://openalex.org/W1496705656","https://openalex.org/W7204877995","https://openalex.org/W2001319103","https://openalex.org/W6911565722","https://openalex.org/W603276453","https://openalex.org/W3111433251"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,33,133],"article":[1],"examines":[2],"the":[3,9,20,42,54,87,110,113,116,145,158,162,173,193,205,215,222,229,240,243,252,268,277],"evolution":[4],"and":[5,72,105,235,280],"institutional":[6],"basis":[7],"of":[8,11,35,44,53,57,112,115,128,136,147,151,160,164,167,183,190,207,231,251,271,289],"system":[10,38,59],"international":[12,46,76,129],"money":[13,212],"payments":[14],"\"hawala\",":[15],"which":[16,143,282],"was":[17,84],"formed":[18],"in":[19,27,139,157,172,286],"Islamic":[21],"world.":[22],"Similar":[23],"payment":[24],"systems":[25],"exist":[26],"Asian":[28],"countries":[29],"(India,":[30],"Thailand,":[31],"Philippines).":[32],"existence":[34,146,163,201],"such":[36],"a":[37,67,80,148,178,181,186,236],"is":[39,66,79,197,202,247,256],"determined":[40],"by":[41,118,204,249],"functioning":[43],"informal":[45,96],"channels":[47],"for":[48,75,155,192,239],"making":[49],"monetary":[50,269],"payments.":[51],"Analysis":[52],"functional":[55],"principles":[56],"this":[58],"allows":[60],"us":[61],"to":[62,108,210,221],"assert":[63],"that":[64,83,99,199,245,273],"it":[65,255,265],"highly":[68],"effective,":[69],"extremely":[70],"reliable":[71],"stable":[73],"scheme":[74],"transactions.":[77],"It":[78,196],"financial":[81],"institution":[82],"created":[85],"outside":[86],"official":[88,278],"legal":[89],"field.":[90],"Hawala":[91],"can":[92],"be":[93],"considered":[94],"as":[95],"oral":[97],"agreements":[98],"are":[100,106,141,219],"based":[101],"on":[102,123],"complete":[103,153],"trust":[104,166],"able":[107],"ensure":[109],"fulfillment":[111],"terms":[114],"agreement":[117],"its":[119,169,200,261],"participants,":[120],"without":[121],"relying":[122],"compliance":[124],"with":[125],"existing":[126],"requirements":[127],"or":[130],"national":[131],"legislation.":[132],"main":[134],"advantages":[135],"using":[137],"hawala":[138,246],"practice":[140],"summarized,":[142],"include":[144],"wide":[149],"network":[150],"intermediaries;":[152],"confidentiality":[154],"participants":[156],"transaction":[159],"funds;":[161],"absolute":[165],"all":[168],"participants;":[170],"operation":[171],"\"24":[174],"hours,":[175],"7":[176],"days":[177],"week\"":[179],"mode,":[180],"minimum":[182],"bureaucratic":[184],"procedures,":[185],"fairly":[187],"low":[188],"level":[189],"commission":[191],"service":[194],"provided.":[195],"concluded":[198],"ensured":[203],"needs":[206],"migrant":[208],"workers":[209],"make":[211],"transfers":[213],"from":[214,281],"country":[216,223,288],"where":[217,224],"they":[218],"received":[220,275],"their":[225,287],"families":[226],"live":[227],"under":[228],"conditions":[230],"confidentiality,":[232],"speed,":[233],"reliability":[234],"small":[237],"fee":[238],"service.":[241],"Despite":[242],"fact":[244],"used":[248],"representatives":[250],"criminal":[253],"world,":[254],"not":[257],"worth":[258],"talking":[259],"about":[260],"illegal":[262],"nature,":[263],"because":[264],"mainly":[266],"serves":[267],"turnover":[270],"funds":[272],"were":[274,284],"within":[276],"economy":[279],"taxes":[283],"paid":[285],"origin.":[290]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2025-02-18T00:00:00"}