{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407301903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.2.14","title":"New Method of Early RRMS Diagnosis Using OCT-Assessed Structural Retinal Data and Explainable Artificial Intelligence","display_name":"New Method of Early RRMS Diagnosis Using OCT-Assessed Structural Retinal Data and Explainable Artificial Intelligence","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407301903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.2.14","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39928305","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11812612"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1167/tvst.14.2.14","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.2.14","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.2.14","pdf_url":"https://tvst.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/tvst/938704/i2164-2591-14-2-14_1738927633.21742.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764591444","display_name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","issn_l":"2164-2591","issn":["2164-2591"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Translational Vision Science &amp; Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://tvst.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/tvst/938704/i2164-2591-14-2-14_1738927633.21742.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011693953","display_name":"Miguel Ortiz del Castillo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8431-3765","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8431-3765"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel Ortiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020488369","display_name":"Ana Pueyo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0314-2947","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0314-2947"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114530","display_name":"Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet","ror":"https://ror.org/01r13mt55","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136512","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Arag\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/03njn4610","country_code":"ES","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Pueyo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain","Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318","https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088322845","display_name":"Francisco J. Dongil-Moreno","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189268942","display_name":"Universidad de Alcal\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04pmn0e78","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco J. Dongil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083414265","display_name":"Luciano Boquete","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8591-6103","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8591-6103"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189268942","display_name":"Universidad de Alcal\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04pmn0e78","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luciano Boquete","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023449772","display_name":"Eva Mar\u00eda S\u00e1nchez\u2010Morla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9438-2307","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9438-2307"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121748325","display_name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/02p0gd045","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2960094004","display_name":"Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/0111es613","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2960094004","https://openalex.org/I4210139293"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090703","display_name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental","ror":"https://ror.org/009byq155","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801357902","https://openalex.org/I4210090703","https://openalex.org/I4387152914"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eva M. S\u00e1nchez-Morla","raw_affiliation_strings":["CIBERSAM: Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health, Madrid, Spain","Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain","Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n University Hospital, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CIBERSAM: Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090703"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n University Hospital, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2960094004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069067193","display_name":"Rafael Barea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4179-6100","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4179-6100"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189268942","display_name":"Universidad de Alcal\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04pmn0e78","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Barea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111659219","display_name":"Juan Manuel Miguel-Jim\u00e9nez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189268942","display_name":"Universidad de Alcal\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04pmn0e78","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan M. Miguel-Jimenez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051730477","display_name":"Almudena L\u00f3pez-Dorado","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189268942","display_name":"Universidad de Alcal\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04pmn0e78","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Almudena L\u00f3pez-Dorado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcal\u00e1, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189268942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048765094","display_name":"Elisa Vilad\u00e9s","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9411-5834","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9411-5834"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114530","display_name":"Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet","ror":"https://ror.org/01r13mt55","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136512","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Arag\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/03njn4610","country_code":"ES","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elisa Vilades","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain","Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318","https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069261832","display_name":"Mar\u00eda Jes\u00fas Rodrigo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4009-3075","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4009-3075"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114530","display_name":"Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet","ror":"https://ror.org/01r13mt55","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136512","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Arag\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/03njn4610","country_code":"ES","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mar\u00eda J. Rodrigo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain","Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318","https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053634322","display_name":"Beatriz Cord\u00f3n Ciord\u00eda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5470-8977","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5470-8977"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114530","display_name":"Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet","ror":"https://ror.org/01r13mt55","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136512","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Arag\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/03njn4610","country_code":"ES","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beatriz Cordon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain","Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318","https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077352921","display_name":"Elena Garc\u00eda\u2010Mart\u00edn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8094-046X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8094-046X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114530","display_name":"Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet","ror":"https://ror.org/01r13mt55","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136512","display_name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Arag\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/03njn4610","country_code":"ES","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elena Garcia-Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain","Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318","https://openalex.org/I4210136512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114530"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077352921"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318","https://openalex.org/I4210114530","https://openalex.org/I4210136512"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.4884,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87783401,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"14","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.7519999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.7519999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.11869999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.07460000365972519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relapsing-remitting-multiple-sclerosis","display_name":"relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-diagnosis","display_name":"early diagnosis","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-coherence-tomography","display_name":"optical coherence tomography","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-nerve-fiber-layer-thickness","display_name":"retinal nerve fiber layer thickness","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macular-ganglion-cell-layer","display_name":"macular ganglion cell layer","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inner-plexiform-layer","display_name":"inner plexiform layer","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/explainable-ai","display_name":"explainable AI","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shap","display_name":"SHAP","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"support vector machine","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-invasive-diagnosis","display_name":"non-invasive diagnosis","score":0.6299999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899552","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","level":2,"score":0.7068710327148438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.6766019463539124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780592520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4423908","display_name":"Nerve fiber layer","level":3,"score":0.5888364911079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5306179523468018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.5270253419876099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5172996520996094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4567493200302124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3732900023460388}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009412","descriptor_name":"Nerve Fibers","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020529","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020529","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D041623","descriptor_name":"Tomography, Optical Coherence","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D042241","descriptor_name":"Early Diagnosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1167/tvst.14.2.14","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.2.14","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.2.14","pdf_url":"https://tvst.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/tvst/938704/i2164-2591-14-2-14_1738927633.21742.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764591444","display_name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","issn_l":"2164-2591","issn":["2164-2591"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Translational Vision Science &amp; Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11812612","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11812612","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11812612/pdf/tvst-14-2-14.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transl Vis Sci Technol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:39928305","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39928305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Translational vision science & technology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ebuah.uah.es:10017/64930","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10017/64930","pdf_url":"https://ebuah.uah.es/dspace/bitstream/10017/64930/3/New_method_Ortiz_TVST_2025.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055200","display_name":"e_Buah","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zaguan.unizar.es:152982","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/152982","pdf_url":"https://zaguan.unizar.es/record/152982/files/texto_completo.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401812","display_name":"Zaguan (University of Zaragoza Repository)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","host_organization_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:jupiter.its.unimelb.edu.au:11343/367416","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11343/367416","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196259","display_name":"Minerva Access (University of Melbourne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","host_organization_name":"The University of Melbourne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1167/tvst.14.2.14","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.2.14","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.2.14","pdf_url":"https://tvst.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/tvst/938704/i2164-2591-14-2-14_1738927633.21742.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764591444","display_name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","issn_l":"2164-2591","issn":["2164-2591"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Translational Vision Science &amp; Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4579199718","display_name":"Evaluaci\u00f3n de las alteraciones axonales y de la microvasculatura en pacientes con COVID persistente mediante estudio neuro-oftalmol\u00f3gico con tomograf\u00eda de coherencia \u00f3ptica (OCT) y angiograf\u00eda por OCT","funder_award_id":"PI23/00935","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334923","funder_display_name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5632859239","display_name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n Miguel Servet Oftalmolog\u00eda","funder_award_id":"B23_23R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326208","funder_display_name":"Gobierno de Arag\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8431884170","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PROY_B50_24","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326208","funder_display_name":"Gobierno de Arag\u00f3n"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326208","display_name":"Gobierno de Arag\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/0425pg203"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334923","display_name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","ror":"https://ror.org/00ca2c886"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407301903.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407301903.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057911576","https://openalex.org/W2075584671","https://openalex.org/W2093709150","https://openalex.org/W2143426320","https://openalex.org/W2345156418","https://openalex.org/W2401147790","https://openalex.org/W2618851150","https://openalex.org/W2755106885","https://openalex.org/W2777074421","https://openalex.org/W2922294220","https://openalex.org/W3023616725","https://openalex.org/W3080211037","https://openalex.org/W3106750174","https://openalex.org/W3110982212","https://openalex.org/W3206321420","https://openalex.org/W3212167677","https://openalex.org/W3212182683","https://openalex.org/W4200318443","https://openalex.org/W4283791631","https://openalex.org/W4284898905","https://openalex.org/W4292466559","https://openalex.org/W4309234243","https://openalex.org/W4366163654","https://openalex.org/W4380739518","https://openalex.org/W4380882519","https://openalex.org/W4382933499","https://openalex.org/W4389697835","https://openalex.org/W4391052789","https://openalex.org/W4391388846"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391388846","https://openalex.org/W4321011523","https://openalex.org/W7169716232","https://openalex.org/W4385625226","https://openalex.org/W2992200549","https://openalex.org/W3106750174","https://openalex.org/W4366163654","https://openalex.org/W4381930281","https://openalex.org/W4392502719","https://openalex.org/W4224230751"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose:":[0],"The":[1,37,156],"purpose":[2],"of":[3,11,25,28,55,80,201,204,226,236],"this":[4],"study":[5],"was":[6,66],"to":[7,14,124],"provide":[8],"the":[9,23,69,81,106,130,142,170,175,181,186,190,198],"development":[10],"a":[12,223],"method":[13,235],"classify":[15],"optical":[16],"coherence":[17],"tomography":[18],"(OCT)-assessed":[19],"retinal":[20,83,101],"data":[21,220],"in":[22,241],"context":[24],"automatic":[26,202],"diagnosis":[27,203],"early-stage":[29,205,228],"multiple":[30,49],"sclerosis":[31,50],"(MS)":[32],"with":[33,45],"decision":[34,210],"explanation.":[35],"Methods:":[36],"database":[38],"used":[39],"contains":[40],"recordings":[41],"from":[42,59],"79":[43],"patients":[44],"recently":[46],"diagnosed":[47],"relapsing-remitting":[48],"(RRMS)":[51],"and":[52,58,73,77,98,117,128,172,179,185,207,233,244],"no":[53],"history":[54],"optic":[56],"neuritis":[57],"69":[60],"age-matched":[61],"healthy":[62],"control":[63],"subjects.":[64],"Analysis":[65],"performed":[67],"on":[68],"thicknesses":[70],"(average":[71],"right":[72],"left":[74],"eye":[75],"value":[76],"inter-eye":[78,167],"difference)":[79],"macular":[82,88,93,99,107],"nerve":[84],"fiber":[85],"layer":[86,91,96,103],"(mRNFL),":[87],"ganglion":[89],"cell":[90],"(mGCL),":[92],"inner":[94,100],"plexiform":[95],"(mIPL),":[97],"complex":[102],"(mIRL),":[104],"dividing":[105],"area":[108],"into":[109],"six":[110],"analysis":[111,237],"zones.":[112],"Recursive":[113],"feature":[114],"extraction":[115],"(RFE)":[116],"Shapley":[118],"additive":[119],"explanations":[120],"(SHAP)":[121],"are":[122,174,189],"combined":[123],"rank":[125],"relevant":[126],"features":[127],"select":[129],"subset":[131],"that":[132,160,169,180],"maximizes":[133],"classifier":[134,151],"(support":[135],"vector":[136],"machine":[137],"[SVM])":[138],"performance.":[139],"Results:":[140],"Of":[141],"initial":[143],"48":[144],"features,":[145],"20":[146],"were":[147],"identified":[148],"as":[149],"maximizing":[150],"accuracy":[152],"(n":[153],"=":[154],"0.9257).":[155],"SHAP":[157],"values":[158],"indicate":[159],"average":[161],"thickness":[162],"has":[163],"greater":[164],"relevance":[165],"than":[166],"difference,":[168],"mGCL":[171],"mRNFL":[173],"most":[176,192,242],"influential":[177],"structures,":[178],"peripheral":[182],"papillomacular":[183],"bundle":[184],"supero-temporal":[187],"quadrant":[188],"zones":[191],"affected.":[193],"Conclusions:":[194],"This":[195,230],"approach":[196],"improves":[197],"success":[199],"rate":[200],"RRMS":[206],"enhances":[208],"clinical":[209],"making":[211],"transparency.":[212],"Translational":[213],"Relevance:":[214],"Retinal":[215],"structure":[216],"assessment":[217],"using":[218],"OCT":[219],"could":[221],"constitute":[222],"noninvasive":[224],"means":[225],"diagnosing":[227],"MS.":[229],"new":[231],"high-accuracy":[232],"high-explainability":[234],"can":[238],"be":[239],"implemented":[240],"hospitals":[243],"healthcare":[245],"centers.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2025-02-10T00:00:00"}
