{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407230698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51173/eetj.v2i1.13","title":"A Survey on Steganography and Image Encryption Techniques","display_name":"A Survey on Steganography and Image Encryption Techniques","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407230698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51173/eetj.v2i1.13"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.51173/eetj.v2i1.13","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51173/eetj.v2i1.13","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.51173/eetj.v2i1.13","pdf_url":"https://eetj.mtu.edu.iq/eetj/index.php/home/article/download/13/7","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404674834","display_name":"Electrical engineering technical journal.","issn_l":"3007-9772","issn":["3007-9772"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318272","host_organization_name":"Middle East Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Middle East Technical University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electrical Engineering Technical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://eetj.mtu.edu.iq/eetj/index.php/home/article/download/13/7","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109025073","display_name":"Noor Dheyaa Majeed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115078","display_name":"Middle Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fvkg758","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115078"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noor D. Majeed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115078"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018487529","display_name":"Ali Jaber Al-Askery","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5245-4640","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5245-4640"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali J. Al-Askery","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086053293","display_name":"Fadhil Sahib Hasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1550-6974","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1550-6974"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15873915","display_name":"Mustansiriyah University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s04wy35","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fadhil Sahib Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076643811","display_name":"Samir I. Abood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8976-8221","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8976-8221"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I250520410","display_name":"Prairie View A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/0449kf092","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I250520410"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samir Abood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Prairie View A&M University, Texas, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Prairie View A&M University, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I250520410"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.419,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80330212,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"1","first_page":"11","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.004900000058114529,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13674","display_name":"Computer Science and Engineering","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"steganography","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-encryption","display_name":"image encryption","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-encryption","display_name":"hybrid encryption","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-hiding","display_name":"information hiding","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-security","display_name":"image security","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cover-media","display_name":"cover media","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilevel-security","display_name":"multilevel security","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evaluation-indicators","display_name":"evaluation metrics","score":0.6110000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.7610127925872803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.7500134706497192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13179402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7606662","display_name":"Steganography tools","level":4,"score":0.6341772079467773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5715909600257874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.37344682216644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.35673439502716064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35417914390563965}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.51173/eetj.v2i1.13","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51173/eetj.v2i1.13","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.51173/eetj.v2i1.13","pdf_url":"https://eetj.mtu.edu.iq/eetj/index.php/home/article/download/13/7","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404674834","display_name":"Electrical engineering technical journal.","issn_l":"3007-9772","issn":["3007-9772"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318272","host_organization_name":"Middle East Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Middle East Technical University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electrical Engineering Technical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.51173/eetj.v2i1.13","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51173/eetj.v2i1.13","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.51173/eetj.v2i1.13","pdf_url":"https://eetj.mtu.edu.iq/eetj/index.php/home/article/download/13/7","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404674834","display_name":"Electrical engineering technical journal.","issn_l":"3007-9772","issn":["3007-9772"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318272","host_organization_name":"Middle East Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Middle East Technical University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electrical Engineering Technical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407230698.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407230698.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":89,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2803908664","https://openalex.org/W2805013403","https://openalex.org/W2809140755","https://openalex.org/W2901602009","https://openalex.org/W2908542906","https://openalex.org/W2909037315","https://openalex.org/W2917710863","https://openalex.org/W2939827179","https://openalex.org/W2944785541","https://openalex.org/W2948067424","https://openalex.org/W2953473266","https://openalex.org/W2963703931","https://openalex.org/W2974187932","https://openalex.org/W2979742012","https://openalex.org/W2993167928","https://openalex.org/W2995366209","https://openalex.org/W2998481527","https://openalex.org/W3000117283","https://openalex.org/W3003709589","https://openalex.org/W3003721113","https://openalex.org/W3004257937","https://openalex.org/W3010144383","https://openalex.org/W3010845618","https://openalex.org/W3016790649","https://openalex.org/W3023298866","https://openalex.org/W3037588371","https://openalex.org/W3041996169","https://openalex.org/W3044067685","https://openalex.org/W3055851871","https://openalex.org/W3082261099","https://openalex.org/W3082457501","https://openalex.org/W3082896939","https://openalex.org/W3083035629","https://openalex.org/W3093657066","https://openalex.org/W3094970337","https://openalex.org/W3109797377","https://openalex.org/W3110303856","https://openalex.org/W3112285284","https://openalex.org/W3120002928","https://openalex.org/W3121277100","https://openalex.org/W3122311785","https://openalex.org/W3126604885","https://openalex.org/W3135664886","https://openalex.org/W3137871252","https://openalex.org/W3139411438","https://openalex.org/W3144091070","https://openalex.org/W3161577134","https://openalex.org/W3164695144","https://openalex.org/W3183680798","https://openalex.org/W3193654764","https://openalex.org/W3194478349","https://openalex.org/W4200256588","https://openalex.org/W4206253007","https://openalex.org/W4210663935","https://openalex.org/W4220860940","https://openalex.org/W4282978043","https://openalex.org/W4283170694","https://openalex.org/W4296617599","https://openalex.org/W4306247504","https://openalex.org/W4308446391","https://openalex.org/W4313017509","https://openalex.org/W4313573233","https://openalex.org/W4321241339","https://openalex.org/W4322503668","https://openalex.org/W4328103222","https://openalex.org/W4362553511","https://openalex.org/W4362731127","https://openalex.org/W4379532158","https://openalex.org/W4380990124","https://openalex.org/W4385840071","https://openalex.org/W4386518202","https://openalex.org/W4386906199","https://openalex.org/W4387184842","https://openalex.org/W4387436618","https://openalex.org/W4389639071","https://openalex.org/W4390830964","https://openalex.org/W4391432150","https://openalex.org/W4391713895","https://openalex.org/W4391880641","https://openalex.org/W4392449528","https://openalex.org/W4394674310","https://openalex.org/W4394862869","https://openalex.org/W4396681875","https://openalex.org/W4399707882","https://openalex.org/W4400810011","https://openalex.org/W4401031216","https://openalex.org/W4401046799","https://openalex.org/W4401518346","https://openalex.org/W4401585990"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2943424596","https://openalex.org/W2533960945","https://openalex.org/W2738954612","https://openalex.org/W3205859035","https://openalex.org/W7171194909","https://openalex.org/W3168681689","https://openalex.org/W1766159190","https://openalex.org/W4316660898","https://openalex.org/W4413640103","https://openalex.org/W7171109329"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"Internet":[1],"technologies":[2,156],"have":[3,111],"led":[4],"to":[5,30,59,116,152],"an":[6],"increase":[7,31],"in":[8,79,88,147,150],"the":[9,16,42,55,66,70,80,89,141,154,160],"transmission":[10,43],"and":[11,49,101,113,125],"receiving":[12],"of":[13,38,73,122,163],"information":[14,40],"across":[15],"network,":[17],"especially":[18],"images":[19,100],"that":[20,143],"may":[21,144],"contain":[22],"confidential":[23],"information,":[24],"so":[25],"it":[26,78],"has":[27],"become":[28,60],"necessary":[29],"protection":[32],"for":[33,62],"these":[34,164],"images.":[35],"The":[36,120],"processes":[37],"protecting":[39],"during":[41],"are":[44,103,166],"scientifically":[45],"divided":[46],"into":[47],"encryption":[48,124],"hiding":[50],"techniques.":[51],"Encryption":[52],"techniques":[53,165],"change":[54,87],"secret":[56,74],"data":[57,75],"content":[58,72],"unclear":[61],"professional":[63],"hackers.":[64],"On":[65],"contrary,":[67],"steganography":[68,126],"saves":[69],"same":[71],"but":[76],"inserts":[77],"medium":[81],"cover":[82],"without":[83],"clearly":[84],"showing":[85],"any":[86],"medium.":[90],"These":[91],"covers,":[92],"such":[93],"as":[94],"text,":[95],"images,":[96],"or":[97],"video,":[98],"whereas":[99],"video":[102],"more":[104,118,128],"efficient":[105],"than":[106],"other":[107],"covers":[108],"because":[109],"they":[110],"powerful":[112],"complex":[114],"structures":[115],"achieve":[117],"security.":[119],"combination":[121],"hybrid":[123],"gives":[127],"multi-leveled":[129],"security":[130],"protection,":[131],"which":[132],"is":[133],"hardly":[134],"predictable":[135],"against":[136],"intruders.":[137],"This":[138],"work":[139],"analyzes":[140],"challenges":[142],"face":[145],"researchers":[146],"this":[148],"field,":[149],"addition":[151],"discussing":[153],"latest":[155],"proposed.":[157],"Besides":[158],"that,":[159],"evaluation":[161],"parameters":[162],"summarized.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2025-02-07T00:00:00"}
