{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407175331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400522","title":"Solely Light\u2010Induced Integrate\u2010and\u2010Fire 1T\u2010Neuron Operation and Implementation of the McGurk Effect","display_name":"Solely Light\u2010Induced Integrate\u2010and\u2010Fire 1T\u2010Neuron Operation and Implementation of the McGurk Effect","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407175331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400522"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/sstr.202400522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224134","display_name":"Small Structures","issn_l":"2688-4062","issn":["2688-4062"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Small Structures","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400522","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047329044","display_name":"Jaehee Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7086-1453","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7086-1453"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88761825","display_name":"Korea University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/000qzf213","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88761825"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaehee Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Semiconductor and Advanced Device Engineering University of Science and Technology (UST)  217 Gajeong\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea","Next\u2010Generation Semiconductor Device Research Section Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI)  218 Gajeong\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon 34129 Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7086-1453","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Semiconductor and Advanced Device Engineering University of Science and Technology (UST)  217 Gajeong\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88761825"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Next\u2010Generation Semiconductor Device Research Section Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI)  218 Gajeong\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon 34129 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035198343","display_name":"Jung Wook Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3083-2791","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3083-2791"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88761825","display_name":"Korea University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/000qzf213","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88761825"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jung Wook Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Semiconductor and Advanced Device Engineering University of Science and Technology (UST)  217 Gajeong\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea","Next\u2010Generation Semiconductor Device Research Section Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI)  218 Gajeong\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon 34129 Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3083-2791","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Semiconductor and Advanced Device Engineering University of Science and Technology (UST)  217 Gajeong\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88761825"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Next\u2010Generation Semiconductor Device Research Section Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI)  218 Gajeong\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon 34129 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068502100","display_name":"Chohyeon Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6459-2744","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6459-2744"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88761825","display_name":"Korea University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/000qzf213","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88761825"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chohyeon Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Semiconductor and Advanced Device Engineering University of Science and Technology (UST)  217 Gajeong\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea","Next\u2010Generation Semiconductor Device Research Section Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI)  218 Gajeong\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon 34129 Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Semiconductor and Advanced Device Engineering University of Science and Technology (UST)  217 Gajeong\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88761825"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Next\u2010Generation Semiconductor Device Research Section Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI)  218 Gajeong\u2010ro, Yuseong\u2010gu Daejeon 34129 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035198343"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I88761825"],"apc_list":{"value":4110,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4110},"apc_paid":{"value":4110,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4110},"fwci":0.452,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51517853,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"6","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10275","display_name":"2D Materials and Applications","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrate-and-fire-neurons","display_name":"integrate-and-fire neurons","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-hardware","display_name":"neuromorphic hardware","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mcgurk-effect","display_name":"McGurk effect","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxide-semiconductors","display_name":"oxide semiconductors","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audiovisual-integration","display_name":"audiovisual integration","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-computing","display_name":"neuromorphic computing","score":0.47999998927116394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.383733332157135}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/sstr.202400522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224134","display_name":"Small Structures","issn_l":"2688-4062","issn":["2688-4062"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Small Structures","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bb110f6329004169b59fe1d6d708af37","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bb110f6329004169b59fe1d6d708af37","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Small Structures, Vol 6, Iss 6, Pp n/a-n/a (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/sstr.202400522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224134","display_name":"Small Structures","issn_l":"2688-4062","issn":["2688-4062"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Small Structures","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2841219559","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"25ZB1330","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322093","funder_display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322093","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963926913","https://openalex.org/W1988878611","https://openalex.org/W2067709814","https://openalex.org/W2109596721","https://openalex.org/W2155934075","https://openalex.org/W2613411459","https://openalex.org/W2750933427","https://openalex.org/W2771420577","https://openalex.org/W2889674928","https://openalex.org/W2895935142","https://openalex.org/W2896586022","https://openalex.org/W2901017430","https://openalex.org/W2903006652","https://openalex.org/W2921350825","https://openalex.org/W2939145700","https://openalex.org/W2965830490","https://openalex.org/W2968992554","https://openalex.org/W2996276847","https://openalex.org/W3009377984","https://openalex.org/W3017303774","https://openalex.org/W3107838469","https://openalex.org/W3138702000","https://openalex.org/W4200514963","https://openalex.org/W4205446138","https://openalex.org/W4212877228","https://openalex.org/W4226151636","https://openalex.org/W4281628293","https://openalex.org/W4283021856","https://openalex.org/W4284991977","https://openalex.org/W4304175553","https://openalex.org/W4307574283","https://openalex.org/W4309471959","https://openalex.org/W4313454024","https://openalex.org/W4317602975","https://openalex.org/W4386565550","https://openalex.org/W4388419323","https://openalex.org/W4391582720","https://openalex.org/W4391849839","https://openalex.org/W4392231035"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,62],"increase":[1],"in":[2,105],"global":[3],"data":[4],"processing":[5,15],"demands":[6],"cannot":[7],"be":[8],"addressed":[9],"with":[10],"the":[11,26,29,68,84,98,117,127,134,137,151,159,167],"limited":[12],"architecture":[13],"and":[14,70,76,150,163,172],"speeds":[16],"of":[17,28,88,136,161,170],"existing":[18],"technologies.":[19],"Therefore,":[20],"neuromorphic":[21,60],"systems":[22],"designed":[23],"to":[24,38,54,97,101,119,145],"emulate":[25],"functionalities":[27],"human":[30,147],"brain":[31,148],"have":[32],"emerged":[33],"as":[34,67,83],"a":[35,51,56,106],"potential":[36],"solution":[37],"address":[39],"this":[40,43],"issue.":[41],"In":[42],"study,":[44],"integrate\u2010and\u2010fire":[45],"characteristics":[46],"are":[47,95],"successfully":[48,155],"implemented":[49],"using":[50,122],"single":[52],"transistor":[53],"create":[55],"neuron\u2010like":[57],"device":[58,63],"within":[59],"systems.":[61],"employs":[64],"oxide":[65],"semiconductors":[66],"channel":[69,85,118],"dielectric":[71],"materials,":[72],"ensuring":[73],"structural":[74],"stability":[75],"complementary":[77],"metal\u2010oxide\u2010semiconductor":[78],"compatibility.":[79],"TiO2":[80],"is":[81,112,140,154],"used":[82],"material":[86],"because":[87],"its":[89],"high":[90],"photoresponsiveness.":[91],"Further,":[92],"voltage":[93,139],"pulses":[94],"applied":[96],"bottom":[99],"gate":[100],"simulate":[102],"electrical":[103,171],"firing":[104,111],"biological":[107],"neuron":[108],"model.":[109],"Optical":[110],"achieved":[113],"by":[114,157],"directly":[115],"exposing":[116],"ultraviolet":[120],"light":[121],"only":[123],"optical":[124,173],"stimuli.":[125],"Moreover,":[126],"neuron\u2010to\u2010synapse":[128],"transition":[129],"behavior":[130],"that":[131],"depends":[132],"on":[133],"modulation":[135],"read":[138],"observed.":[141],"This":[142],"study":[143],"aims":[144],"mimic":[146],"activity":[149],"McGurk":[152],"effect":[153],"replicated":[156],"simulating":[158],"integration":[160],"auditory":[162],"visual":[164],"stimuli":[165],"through":[166],"combined":[168],"action":[169],"inputs.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}