{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406940907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofae631.1999","title":"P-1836. SARS-CoV-2 induces blood-brain barrier and choroid plexus barrier impairments and vascular inflammation in mice","display_name":"P-1836. SARS-CoV-2 induces blood-brain barrier and choroid plexus barrier impairments and vascular inflammation in mice","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406940907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofae631.1999"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ofid/ofae631.1999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofae631.1999","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofae631.1999","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735126445","display_name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"2328-8957","issn":["2328-8957"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofae631.1999","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074009388","display_name":"Haowen Qiao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haowen Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074009388"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"],"apc_list":{"value":4053,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4053},"apc_paid":{"value":4053,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4053},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00956499,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"Supplement_1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11872","display_name":"Barrier Structure and Function Studies","score":0.861299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11872","display_name":"Barrier Structure and Function Studies","score":0.861299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11368","display_name":"Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","score":0.10119999945163727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.025800000876188278,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sars-cov-2","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-brain-barrier","display_name":"blood-brain barrier","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurovascular-unit","display_name":"neurovascular unit","score":0.4740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k18-hace2-mice","display_name":"K18-hACE2 mice","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-microhemorrhages","display_name":"cerebral microhemorrhages","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrocyte-activation","display_name":"astrocyte activation","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroinflammation","display_name":"neuroinflammation","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vascular-inflammation","display_name":"vascular inflammation","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endothelial-activation","display_name":"endothelial activation","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vcam-1","display_name":"VCAM-1","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclooxygenase-2","display_name":"cyclooxygenase-2","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroinvasiveness","display_name":"neuroinvasiveness","score":0.597000002861023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776538271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926250","display_name":"Choroid plexus","level":3,"score":0.8874701261520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8245959281921387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778402981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221694","display_name":"Blood\u2013brain barrier","level":3,"score":0.7637595534324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.715123176574707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.6067007780075073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.5057568550109863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.44156670570373535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.4370347261428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.307578980922699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.20218601822853088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1718488335609436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.07209500670433044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ofid/ofae631.1999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofae631.1999","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofae631.1999","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735126445","display_name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"2328-8957","issn":["2328-8957"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11779216","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11779216","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11779216/pdf/ofae631.1999.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Open Forum Infect Dis","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ofid/ofae631.1999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofae631.1999","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofae631.1999","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735126445","display_name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"2328-8957","issn":["2328-8957"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W189350192","https://openalex.org/W2083105679","https://openalex.org/W176614311","https://openalex.org/W43151199","https://openalex.org/W2030640565","https://openalex.org/W3127156785","https://openalex.org/W3009669391","https://openalex.org/W4200329650","https://openalex.org/W4205215807","https://openalex.org/W3005417802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"The":[2,479,594],"coronavirus":[3],"disease":[4],"of":[5,51,57,75,134,151,178,185,192,197,244,297,308,311,315,333,336,369,379,382,389,405,408,416,437,442,506,528,536,571,596,637,677,685,709,719,727,740,754,765],"2019":[6],"(COVID-19)":[7],"pandemic":[8],"has":[9],"led":[10],"to":[11,112,412,484,610,629],"more":[12],"than":[13],"700":[14],"million":[15,21],"confirmed":[16],"cases":[17],"and":[18,45,53,188,194,200,221,231,238,246,251,321,343,394,422,440,458,466,501,520,525,543,560,567,602,645,651,669,675,687,695,711,717,729,737,763],"nearly":[19],"7":[20,137],"deaths.":[22],"Although":[23],"Severe":[24],"Acute":[25],"Respiratory":[26],"Syndrome":[27],"Coronavirus-2":[28],"(SARS-CoV-2)":[29],"virus":[30,72],"mainly":[31],"infects":[32],"the":[33,49,68,71,77,80,87,132,149,163,171,176,224,280,291,295,309,318,334,337,340,354,358,372,380,406,413,429,443,486,504,523,540,563,581,611,641,672,692,714,734,760],"respiratory":[34],"system,":[35],"neurological":[36,612],"complications":[37,613],"are":[38,160,277],"widely":[39],"reported":[40,781],"in":[41,86,119,202,223,254,265,294,317,339,357,391,419,473,503,522,539,562,580,615,656,671,691,713,733,759],"both":[42,198,236,649],"acute":[43,179],"infection":[44,85,181,364,431,449],"long-COVID":[46],"cases.":[47],"Despite":[48],"success":[50],"vaccines":[52],"antiviral":[54],"treatments,":[55],"neuroinvasiveness":[56],"SARS-CoV-2":[58,125,140,152,180,206,255,273,301,363,448,474,490,619,657],"remains":[59],"an":[60],"important":[61],"question,":[62],"which":[63,461],"is":[64,73],"also":[65],"centered":[66],"on":[67,162,182,640],"mystery":[69],"whether":[70],"capable":[74],"breaching":[76],"barriers":[78,644],"into":[79],"central":[81],"nervous":[82],"system.Figure":[83],"1:SARS-CoV-2":[84],"K18-hACE2":[88,94,120,172,203,257,266,298,360,430,476,480,507,529,572,659,678,720,741,766],"model.(A)":[89,258],"Experimental":[90],"diagram:":[91],"Eight":[92],"weeks-old":[93],"mice":[95,121,204,299,361,481],"were":[96,482],"intranasally":[97,122],"infected":[98,123,256,475,658],"with":[99,124,270,288,300,362,600],"SARS-CoV-2,":[100],"monitored":[101],"daily":[102],"for":[103,351,498,518,558,627,667],"symptoms,":[104],"or":[105,271,606],"euthanized":[106],"at":[107,235,279,353,607,648],"5":[108],"days":[109,138],"post-infection":[110],"(DPI)":[111],"collect":[113],"tissue.":[114],"(B)":[115,282,492],"Daily":[116],"weight":[117],"measurements":[118],"isolate":[126],"USA-WA1/2020.":[127],"(C)The":[128],"survival":[129,135],"curve":[130],"showing":[131,148,261,285,290,348,495,515,555,664,707],"probability":[133],"over":[136],"after":[139,205,489],"infection.":[141,207,274,302,491],"(D)":[142,331,683],"Representative":[143,259,283,346,493,513,553,662,705],"mouse":[144,267],"brain":[145,225,268,646],"hemisphere":[146],"image":[147],"presence":[150],"nucleocapsid":[153],"protein":[154],"by":[155,213,242],"immunohistochemical":[156,263],"staining.":[157],"Boxed":[158,275],"regions":[159,276],"shown":[161,241,278],"right.":[164],"Bar:":[165,303,374,509,531,574,680,722],"500":[166],"\u00b5m.":[167,305,376,511,533,576,682,724],"Methods":[168],"Here":[169],"using":[170],"model,":[173,432],"we":[174,433],"investigated":[175],"impact":[177,595,639],"major":[183,624,642],"parts":[184],"neurovascular":[186],"systems,":[187],"found":[189],"increased":[190],"incidence":[191],"microhemorrhage":[193,292],"significant":[195,367],"disruption":[196],"BBB":[199,237,252,467,469,487],"BCSFB":[201],"Cerebral":[208],"microvascular":[209,438,464],"injury":[210,465],"was":[211],"accompanied":[212],"substantial":[214],"pericyte":[215,451],"damage,":[216,452],"tight":[217,453,470],"junction":[218,454,471],"loss,":[219,455],"astrogliosis,":[220],"neuroinflammation":[222],"parenchyma.":[226],"In":[227],"addition,":[228],"endothelial":[229,456],"activation":[230,457],"vascular":[232,410,459],"inflammation":[233,655],"occurred":[234],"BCSFB,":[239],"as":[240],"upregulation":[243],"VCAM-1":[245],"COX2":[247,710,728,755],"markers.Figure":[248],"2:Vascular":[249],"damage":[250,439],"breakdown":[253,441],"images":[260,284,347,494,514,554,663,706],"IgG":[262,352,370],"staining":[264,287,350,497,517,557,666],"tissues":[269],"without":[272],"bottom.":[281],"immunofluorescent":[286,349,496,516,556,665],"IgG,":[289,499],"site":[293],"cortex":[296,505],"50":[304,375,510,532,575,681,723],"(C)":[306],"Quantification":[307,332,378,404,684,726,753],"number":[310,381],"microhemorrhages":[312,338],"per":[313,387],"field":[314,388],"view":[316,390],"cortex,":[319,341,392,420,541,582,673,693,715,735,761],"thalamus,":[320,342,393,421,542,674,694,716,736,762],"hippocampus":[322,568,676,718,738,764],"(Hipp).":[323],"n=":[324,396,424,545,586,697,743,768],"3;":[325,397,546,587,698,744,769],"***p<":[326,398,547,588,699,745,770],"0.001;":[327,399,548,589,700,746,771],"two-tailed":[328,400,549,590,701,749,774],"Student\u2019s":[329,401,550,591,702,750,775],"t-test.":[330,402,551,592,703,751,776],"diameters":[335],"hippocampus.":[344,395,423,696],"(E)":[345,534],"capillary":[355],"level":[356],"cortex.":[359],"exhibited":[365],"a":[366,623,634],"accumulation":[368],"surrounding":[371],"microvessels.":[373],"(F)":[377],"leaky":[383],"small":[384],"blood":[385,417],"vessels":[386,418],"(G)":[403],"percentage":[407],"leakage":[409],"area":[411,415],"total":[414],"3.":[425],"Results":[426],"By":[427],"studying":[428],"observed":[434],"clear":[435],"evidence":[436],"blood-brain":[444],"barrier":[445],"(BBB).":[446],"Mechanistically,":[447],"caused":[450],"inflammation,":[460],"together":[462,599],"drive":[463,605],"impairment.":[468],"loss":[472],"model.":[477],"(A)":[478],"used":[483],"test":[485],"function":[488],"ZO-1,":[500],"Lectin":[502,521,561,670,712,730],"mice.":[508,530,573,679,721,742,767],"(C-D)":[512],"ZO-1":[519],"thalamus(C)":[524],"hippocampus(D)":[526],"areas":[527,570,739],"Length":[535],"ZO-1-positive":[537],"profiles":[538],"Hipp.":[544,585],"(F-H)":[552],"Claudin5":[559,578],"cortex(F),":[564],"thalamus":[565,583],"(G),":[566],"(H)":[569,725],"(I)":[577,752],"length":[579],"and,":[584],"Conclusion":[593],"such":[597],"changes,":[598],"astrogliosis":[601],"neuroinflammation,":[603],"may":[604],"least":[608],"contribute":[609],"seen":[614],"COVID-19":[616],"patients.":[617],"As":[618],"will":[620],"likely":[621],"remain":[622],"health":[625],"issue":[626],"years":[628],"come,":[630],"our":[631],"findings":[632],"provide":[633],"needed":[635],"understanding":[636],"its":[638],"CNS":[643],"homeostasis":[647],"molecular":[650],"cellular":[652],"levels.":[653],"Vascular":[654],"model":[660],"(A-C)":[661],"VCAM1":[668,686],"lectin":[688],"signal":[689,731],"overlap":[690,732],"(E-G)":[704],"immunostaining":[708],"****p<":[747,772],"0.0001;":[748,773],"relative":[756],"fluorescence":[757],"intensity":[758],"Disclosures":[777],"All":[778],"Authors:":[779],"No":[780],"disclosures":[782]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-04T10:56:28.161419","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
