{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406789552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62325-5","title":"Dominant end-tunneling effect in two distinct Luttinger liquids coexisting in one quantum wire","display_name":"Dominant end-tunneling effect in two distinct Luttinger liquids coexisting in one quantum wire","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406789552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62325-5","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40739142","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12310979"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41467-025-62325-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62325-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62325-5","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-62325-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64187185","display_name":"Nature Communications","issn_l":"2041-1723","issn":["2041-1723"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-62325-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004846957","display_name":"Henok Weldeyesus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6276-1338","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6276-1338"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1850255","display_name":"University of Basel","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1850255"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henok Weldeyesus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6276-1338","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1850255"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047353786","display_name":"Pedro M. T. Vianez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-6108","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-6108"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343871089","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1343871089","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210120050"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro M. T. Vianez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-6108","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343871089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032346777","display_name":"Omid Sharifi Sedeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5766-8798","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5766-8798"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1850255","display_name":"University of Basel","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1850255"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omid Sharifi Sedeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5766-8798","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1850255"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058310922","display_name":"Wooi Kiat Tan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wooi Kiat Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009475323","display_name":"Yiqing Jin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiqing Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mar\u00eda Moreno","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184999862","display_name":"Universidad de Salamanca","ror":"https://ror.org/02f40zc51","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184999862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["ES","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mar\u00eda Moreno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de F\u00edsica Aplicada, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain","Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de F\u00edsica Aplicada, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184999862"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014608004","display_name":"C. P. Scheller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2500-5807","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2500-5807"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1850255","display_name":"University of Basel","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1850255"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian P. Scheller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2500-5807","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1850255"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065778888","display_name":"Jonathan P. Griffiths","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6933-7707","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6933-7707"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan P. Griffiths","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012026798","display_name":"Ian A. Farrer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3033-4306","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3033-4306"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian Farrer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038426159","display_name":"D. A. Ritchie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9844-8350","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9844-8350"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David A. Ritchie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9844-8350","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047234100","display_name":"Dominik M. Zumb\u00fchl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5831-633X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5831-633X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1850255","display_name":"University of Basel","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1850255"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dominik M. Zumb\u00fchl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. dominik.zumbuhl@unibas.ch"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5831-633X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. dominik.zumbuhl@unibas.ch","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1850255"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086411971","display_name":"Christopher J. B. Ford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3721","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3721"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christopher J. B. Ford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. cjbf@cam.ac.uk"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3721","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. cjbf@cam.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036916934","display_name":"Oleksandr Tsyplyatyev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2081-6547","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2081-6547"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114090438","display_name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","ror":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114090438"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Oleksandr Tsyplyatyev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Theoretische Physik, Universit\u00e4t Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. tsyplyatyev@itp.uni-frankfurt.de"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2081-6547","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Theoretische Physik, Universit\u00e4t Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. tsyplyatyev@itp.uni-frankfurt.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114090438"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036916934","https://openalex.org/A5047234100","https://openalex.org/A5086411971"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114090438","https://openalex.org/I1850255","https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":{"value":6990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":6990},"apc_paid":{"value":6990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":6990},"fwci":0.3634,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43111351,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":"6997","last_page":"6997"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10382","display_name":"Quantum and electron transport phenomena","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10382","display_name":"Quantum and electron transport phenomena","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11804","display_name":"Quantum many-body systems","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10022","display_name":"Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomonaga-luttinger-liquid","display_name":"Luttinger liquid","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-wires","display_name":"quantum wires","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tunneling-spectroscopy","display_name":"tunneling spectroscopy","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-size-effects","display_name":"finite-size effects","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/luttinger-parameter","display_name":"Luttinger parameter","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subband-population","display_name":"subband population","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-dimensional-electron-systems","display_name":"one-dimensional electron systems","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-electron-temperature","display_name":"low electron temperature","score":0.4620000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197334999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430514","display_name":"Luttinger liquid","level":3,"score":0.8832600712776184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120398109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175751","display_name":"Quantum tunnelling","level":2,"score":0.7986696362495422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.6304265260696411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.5997726917266846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151107866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q613814","display_name":"Quantum wire","level":3,"score":0.5394287109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5106309056282043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.44536134600639343}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":9,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41467-025-62325-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62325-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62325-5","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-62325-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64187185","display_name":"Nature Communications","issn_l":"2041-1723","issn":["2041-1723"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11123740","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12310979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12310979","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12310979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nat Commun","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:40739142","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40739142","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature communications","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:230008","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6276-1338>,","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2501.13549","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2501.13549","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.13549","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/387747","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/387747","pdf_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstreams/d5f42e8d-3163-46d3-bb84-65923d6e7390/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401777","display_name":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I241749","host_organization_name":"University of Cambridge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:569aa9404d2742809f2be6d803da946f","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/569aa9404d2742809f2be6d803da946f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2501.13549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2501.13549","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2501.13549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41467-025-62325-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62325-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62325-5","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-62325-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64187185","display_name":"Nature Communications","issn_l":"2041-1723","issn":["2041-1723"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1147893575","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EU H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2071862857","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N509620","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2734151517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"European Microkelvin Platform (Grant No. 824109)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G294380366","display_name":"Beyond Luttinger Liquids-spin-charge separation at high excitation energies","funder_award_id":"EP/J01690X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3129715815","display_name":"DTP 2016-2017 University of Cambridge","funder_award_id":"EP/N509620/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3668222967","display_name":"Beyond Luttinger Liquids-spin-charge separation at high excitation energies","funder_award_id":"EP/J016888/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4509093272","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/J01690X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320240","funder_display_name":"Research Councils UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G495187929","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EU\u2010H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5045220161","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5236729023","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/J016888/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320240","funder_display_name":"Research Councils UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5741057909","display_name":"Entwicklung der Theorie von SpinLadungsTrennung jenseits des linearen Regimes","funder_award_id":"461313466","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6431252215","display_name":"Quantum Coherence in Nanoscale Systems","funder_award_id":"215757","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7625776384","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"862046","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G875201553","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N509620/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320240","funder_display_name":"Research Councils UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8786933421","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"824109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320240","display_name":"Research Councils UK","ror":"https://ror.org/00dq2kk65"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/00yjd3n13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406789552.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406789552.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2048447200","https://openalex.org/W2073058492","https://openalex.org/W2121644225","https://openalex.org/W2028149614","https://openalex.org/W2088578653","https://openalex.org/W2018798207","https://openalex.org/W2079212481","https://openalex.org/W2900340304","https://openalex.org/W4220884487","https://openalex.org/W3127432675","https://openalex.org/W1485771830","https://openalex.org/W1606179079","https://openalex.org/W2004713174","https://openalex.org/W1967443856","https://openalex.org/W2110257285","https://openalex.org/W1980976759","https://openalex.org/W2005640132","https://openalex.org/W2079282842","https://openalex.org/W1965767914","https://openalex.org/W2001664158","https://openalex.org/W2084988817","https://openalex.org/W1984659995","https://openalex.org/W2071192844","https://openalex.org/W2033433860","https://openalex.org/W2759285439","https://openalex.org/W2792505362","https://openalex.org/W2947474896","https://openalex.org/W2596311356","https://openalex.org/W2070978876","https://openalex.org/W2059705392","https://openalex.org/W2062408573","https://openalex.org/W2000708306","https://openalex.org/W2056468455","https://openalex.org/W2002316333","https://openalex.org/W2033572849","https://openalex.org/W2019859023","https://openalex.org/W2012211492","https://openalex.org/W1843223439","https://openalex.org/W2207206387","https://openalex.org/W2227351164","https://openalex.org/W3164464626","https://openalex.org/W1542921455","https://openalex.org/W3211322511","https://openalex.org/W2163959964","https://openalex.org/W2004874710","https://openalex.org/W2043895708","https://openalex.org/W2750726479","https://openalex.org/W2111091444","https://openalex.org/W2013804484","https://openalex.org/W2171569446","https://openalex.org/W2015047911","https://openalex.org/W2171211431"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2809796808","https://openalex.org/W2068954421","https://openalex.org/W2745787055","https://openalex.org/W1642976938","https://openalex.org/W6976799759","https://openalex.org/W2001664158","https://openalex.org/W2091442231","https://openalex.org/W2165060754","https://openalex.org/W2003216788","https://openalex.org/W1485771830"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Luttinger":[0,122,144],"liquids":[1],"occupy":[2],"a":[3,35,148],"notable":[4],"place":[5],"in":[6,29,39,54,66,97,134,140,157],"physics":[7],"as":[8,124,126],"one":[9],"of":[10,15,22,37,64,101,110,119,129,143,153],"the":[11,55,81,87,98,102,107,111,117,121,127,137,141,154],"most":[12],"understood":[13],"classes":[14],"quantum":[16,57,158],"many-body":[17],"systems.":[18],"The":[19],"experimental":[20],"mission":[21],"measuring":[23,120],"its":[24],"main":[25],"prediction,":[26],"power":[27],"laws":[28],"observable":[30],"quantities,":[31],"has":[32],"already":[33],"produced":[34],"body":[36],"exponents":[38,96,155],"different":[40,95],"semiconductor":[41],"and":[42],"metallic":[43],"structures.":[44],"Here,":[45],"we":[46],"combine":[47],"tunneling":[48],"spectroscopy":[49,133],"with":[50,94],"density-dependent":[51],"transport":[52,138],"measurements":[53],"same":[56],"wires":[58],"over":[59],"more":[60],"than":[61],"two":[62,92],"orders":[63],"magnitude":[65],"temperature":[67,88],"to":[68,74,136,150],"very":[69],"low":[70],"electron":[71],"temperatures":[72],"down":[73],"\u223c40":[75],"mK.":[76],"This":[77,114,146],"reveals":[78],"that,":[79],"when":[80],"second":[82],"1D":[83],"subband":[84],"becomes":[85],"populated,":[86],"dependence":[89,100],"splits":[90],"into":[91],"ranges":[93],"power-law":[99],"conductance,":[103],"both":[104],"dominated":[105],"by":[106],"finite-size":[108],"effect":[109],"end-tunneling":[112],"process.":[113],"result":[115],"demonstrates":[116],"importance":[118],"parameters":[123],"well":[125],"number":[128],"modes":[130],"independently":[131],"through":[132],"addition":[135],"exponent":[139],"characterization":[142],"liquids.":[145],"opens":[147],"pathway":[149],"unambiguous":[151],"interpretation":[152],"observed":[156],"wires.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2025-01-25T00:00:00"}