{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406516600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459241297537","title":"On the Statistical Analysis of Experiments With Manipulation Checks","display_name":"On the Statistical Analysis of Experiments With Manipulation Checks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406516600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459241297537"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/25152459241297537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459241297537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459241297537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173062","display_name":"Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science","issn_l":"2515-2459","issn":["2515-2459","2515-2467"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459241297537","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021906307","display_name":"Maya B. Mathur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6698-2607","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6698-2607"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maya B. Mathur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quantitative Sciences Unit and Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6698-2607","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quantitative Sciences Unit and Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021906307"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2000},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2000},"fwci":1.0327,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71144498,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10243","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference","score":0.00419999985024333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manipulation-checks","display_name":"manipulation checks","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ego-depletion","display_name":"ego depletion","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/average-treatment-effect","display_name":"average treatment effect","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-bias","display_name":"estimation bias","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instrumental-variables","display_name":"instrumental variables","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replication-study","display_name":"replication study","score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reanalysis","display_name":"reanalysis","score":0.42399999499320984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5386121273040771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.5079990029335022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2523142397403717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17887040972709656}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/25152459241297537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459241297537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459241297537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173062","display_name":"Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science","issn_l":"2515-2459","issn":["2515-2459","2515-2467"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.31219/osf.io/9y8re","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/9y8re","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/9y8re","pdf_url":"https://osf.io/9y8re/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401127","display_name":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:387a4d0c496a4fc0aa965d43df6b2611","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/387a4d0c496a4fc0aa965d43df6b2611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, Vol 8 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:099d0a4c-0054-4b5f-ba95-e6d4cfe697ea","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://osf.io/9y8re","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401127","display_name":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:9058b67c-3807-4607-9e2f-8edb3a610fdd","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://osf.io/k4uy7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401127","display_name":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Project"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/25152459241297537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459241297537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459241297537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173062","display_name":"Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science","issn_l":"2515-2459","issn":["2515-2459","2515-2467"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3859415523","display_name":"Statistical Methods for Modern Evidence Syntheses with Multiple Biases","funder_award_id":"R01LM013866","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337372","funder_display_name":"U.S. National Library of Medicine"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337372","display_name":"U.S. National Library of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/0060t0j89"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406516600.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406516600.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1143597782","https://openalex.org/W1200752817","https://openalex.org/W1566920486","https://openalex.org/W1963232440","https://openalex.org/W1971918017","https://openalex.org/W1980412904","https://openalex.org/W2036756589","https://openalex.org/W2060763381","https://openalex.org/W2089320851","https://openalex.org/W2113322251","https://openalex.org/W2114647004","https://openalex.org/W2116927325","https://openalex.org/W2118051501","https://openalex.org/W2123817056","https://openalex.org/W2131517946","https://openalex.org/W2136833093","https://openalex.org/W2138290169","https://openalex.org/W2141024165","https://openalex.org/W2143891888","https://openalex.org/W2146050890","https://openalex.org/W2146569853","https://openalex.org/W2152427206","https://openalex.org/W2161788906","https://openalex.org/W2321122112","https://openalex.org/W2344734883","https://openalex.org/W2484225033","https://openalex.org/W2499154041","https://openalex.org/W2506924923","https://openalex.org/W2591911202","https://openalex.org/W2604804505","https://openalex.org/W2760799729","https://openalex.org/W2794592087","https://openalex.org/W2806284750","https://openalex.org/W2807279683","https://openalex.org/W2899501248","https://openalex.org/W2906060854","https://openalex.org/W2951303341","https://openalex.org/W2994978757","https://openalex.org/W3118373570","https://openalex.org/W3213730751","https://openalex.org/W4231876316","https://openalex.org/W4252152209","https://openalex.org/W4288766776","https://openalex.org/W4318450495","https://openalex.org/W4395073383","https://openalex.org/W4399888485","https://openalex.org/W4406794238"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7171754859","https://openalex.org/W4414533962","https://openalex.org/W2899612432","https://openalex.org/W2986926076","https://openalex.org/W4415250348","https://openalex.org/W2783207206","https://openalex.org/W2751243320","https://openalex.org/W4377088382","https://openalex.org/W2085140893","https://openalex.org/W3160098854"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Psychologists":[0],"are":[1,56],"often":[2],"interested":[3,58],"in":[4,20,53,59,212],"the":[5,41,60,66,74,79,82,86,98,101,105,111,117,121,136,141,145,148,166,179,182,193,209,214,237,243],"effect":[6,63,146,180],"of":[7,65,73,81,100,139,147,155,165,181,196],"an":[8,21],"internal":[9,68],"state,":[10,103],"such":[11],"as":[12,144],"ego":[13],"depletion,":[14],"that":[15,72,224],"cannot":[16],"be":[17,108],"directly":[18,177,191,234],"assigned":[19],"experiment.":[22],"Instead,":[23],"they":[24],"assign":[25],"participants":[26],"to":[27,31,39,176,219,233],"a":[28,161,199,204],"manipulation":[29,37,83],"intended":[30],"produce":[32],"this":[33,45,90,127,241],"state":[34,69,150],"and":[35,104,221],"use":[36,172,230],"checks":[38],"assess":[40],"manipulation\u2019s":[42,215,238],"effectiveness.":[43],"In":[44],"article,":[46],"I":[47,119,133,202,229],"discuss":[48,120],"statistical":[49],"analyses":[50],"for":[51,97,236],"experiments":[52],"which":[54,126,213],"researchers":[55,77],"primarily":[57],"average":[61],"treatment":[62],"(ATE)":[64],"target":[67,102,149,183],"rather":[70],"than":[71],"manipulation.":[75],"Often,":[76],"estimate":[78,143,178],"association":[80],"itself":[84],"with":[85],"dependent":[87],"variable,":[88],"but":[89],"intention-to-treat":[91],"(ITT)":[92],"estimator":[93,128],"is":[94,129],"typically":[95],"biased":[96],"ATE":[99],"bias":[106],"could":[107],"either":[109],"toward":[110],"null":[112,247],"(conservative)":[113],"or":[114],"away":[115],"from":[116],"null.":[118],"fairly":[122],"stringent":[123],"assumptions":[124,158],"under":[125],"conservative.":[130],"Given":[131],"this,":[132],"argue":[134],"against":[135],"status-quo":[137],"practice":[138],"interpreting":[140],"ITT":[142,188],"without":[151],"any":[152],"explicit":[153],"discussion":[154],"whether":[156],"these":[157],"hold.":[159],"Under":[160],"somewhat":[162],"weaker":[163],"version":[164],"same":[167],"assumptions,":[168],"one":[169],"can":[170],"alternatively":[171],"instrumental-variables":[173],"(IVs)":[174],"analysis":[175,186,189,232],"state.":[184],"IVs":[185,231],"complements":[187],"by":[190],"addressing":[192],"central":[194],"question":[195],"interest.":[197],"As":[198],"running":[200],"example,":[201],"consider":[203],"multisite":[205],"replication":[206,244],"study":[207],"on":[208],"ego-depletion":[210],"effect,":[211],"partial":[216,239],"effectiveness":[217],"led":[218],"criticism":[220],"several":[222],"reanalyses":[223],"arrived":[225],"at":[226],"varying":[227],"conclusions.":[228],"account":[235],"effectiveness;":[240],"corroborated":[242],"authors\u2019":[245],"reported":[246],"results.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2025-01-18T00:00:00"}