{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406509296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85735-3","title":"A comparative study of polydopamine vs. glass ionomer cement for adhesion mechanisms on enamel and dentin using SEM and shear bond strength evaluation","display_name":"A comparative study of polydopamine vs. glass ionomer cement for adhesion mechanisms on enamel and dentin using SEM and shear bond strength evaluation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406509296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85735-3","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39825001","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11742451"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-025-85735-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85735-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85735-3","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-85735-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-85735-3.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012072747","display_name":"Lakshmi Nidhi Rao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7861-098X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7861-098X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333540553","display_name":"Nitte University","ror":"https://ror.org/029nydt37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lakshmi Nidhi Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE Deemed to be University, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE Deemed to be University, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Soumyajit Sarkar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333540553","display_name":"Nitte University","ror":"https://ror.org/029nydt37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soumyajit Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE Deemed to be University, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE Deemed to be University, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047904251","display_name":"Aditya Shetty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8170-3845","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8170-3845"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333540553","display_name":"Nitte University","ror":"https://ror.org/029nydt37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aditya Shetty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE Deemed to be University, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE Deemed to be University, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016032196","display_name":"Heeresh Shetty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5487-4083","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5487-4083"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heeresh Shetty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400008, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400008, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shraddha Shetty","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333540553","display_name":"Nitte University","ror":"https://ror.org/029nydt37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60324483","display_name":"K S Hegde Medical Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/02p74z057","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60324483"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shraddha Shetty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Medicine, KSHEMA, NITTE Deemed to be University, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Medicine, KSHEMA, NITTE Deemed to be University, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553","https://openalex.org/I60324483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055352469","display_name":"Roshan Noor Mohamed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9722-6740","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9722-6740"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roshan Noor Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087663887","display_name":"Sakeenabi Basha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sakeenabi Basha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Preventive Dentistry Department (Community Dentistry Division), Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Preventive Dentistry Department (Community Dentistry Division), Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029417325","display_name":"Ajinkya Mansing Pawar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3985-5674","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3985-5674"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ajinkya Pawar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400008, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400008, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023462796","display_name":"Mohmed Isaqali Karobari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0313-9695","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0313-9695"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129984471","display_name":"University of Puthisastra","ror":"https://ror.org/00ztyd753","country_code":"KH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129984471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I85461943","display_name":"Saveetha University","ror":"https://ror.org/0034me914","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]}],"countries":["IN","KH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohmed Isaqali Karobari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India. dr.isaq@gmail.com","Department of Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. dr.isaq@gmail.com","Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India","Department of Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India. dr.isaq@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. dr.isaq@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129984471"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129984471"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023462796"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129984471","https://openalex.org/I85461943"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":2.5665,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8606073,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"2243","last_page":"2243"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10113","display_name":"Dental materials and restorations","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10113","display_name":"Dental materials and restorations","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10859","display_name":"Polymer Surface Interaction Studies","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13129","display_name":"Material Properties and Applications","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2500","display_name":"General Materials Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polydopamine","display_name":"polydopamine","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glass-ionomer-cement","display_name":"glass ionomer cement","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dental-bonding","display_name":"dental adhesion","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enamel-bonding","display_name":"enamel bonding","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dentin-bonding","display_name":"dentin bonding","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shear-bond-strength","display_name":"shear bond strength","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcracks","display_name":"microcracks","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adhesive-interface","display_name":"adhesive interface","score":0.40700000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mussel-inspired-adhesion","display_name":"mussel-inspired adhesion","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-polymerization","display_name":"self-polymerization","score":0.6309999823570251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156887251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2386424","display_name":"Enamel paint","level":2,"score":0.9007523655891418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51936186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418843","display_name":"Glass ionomer cement","level":2,"score":0.893358051776886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779263046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189637","display_name":"Dentin","level":2,"score":0.8834514617919922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68928338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131790","display_name":"Adhesive","level":3,"score":0.8331366777420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159096172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914535","display_name":"Bond strength","level":4,"score":0.7234373092651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6920124292373657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.6104952096939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.563510000705719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84416704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188666","display_name":"Adhesion","level":2,"score":0.5450804233551025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.5059410929679871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127893833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7492185","display_name":"Shear strength (soil)","level":3,"score":0.4824119806289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523993062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cement","level":2,"score":0.4719977378845215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180478085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1973366","display_name":"Universal testing machine","level":3,"score":0.4255008101463318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112950240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76005","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","level":2,"score":0.2581575810909271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.07902553677558899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000268","descriptor_name":"Adhesiveness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000269","descriptor_name":"Adhesives","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001840","descriptor_name":"Dental Bonding","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003743","descriptor_name":"Dental Enamel","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003743","descriptor_name":"Dental Enamel","qualifier_ui":"Q000648","qualifier_name":"ultrastructure","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003743","descriptor_name":"Dental Enamel","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003804","descriptor_name":"Dentin","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003804","descriptor_name":"Dentin","qualifier_ui":"Q000648","qualifier_name":"ultrastructure","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003804","descriptor_name":"Dentin","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005899","descriptor_name":"Glass Ionomer Cements","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007211","descriptor_name":"Indoles","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008422","descriptor_name":"Materials Testing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008855","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Electron, Scanning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011108","descriptor_name":"Polymers","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D033081","descriptor_name":"Shear Strength","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-025-85735-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85735-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85735-3","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-85735-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11742451","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11742451","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11742451/pdf/41598_2025_Article_85735.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sci Rep","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:39825001","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39825001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8dc7449d3aa64a1f973425a1b008594f","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8dc7449d3aa64a1f973425a1b008594f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-025-85735-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85735-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85735-3","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-85735-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323722","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406509296.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406509296.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W51325520","https://openalex.org/W432140106","https://openalex.org/W1965785478","https://openalex.org/W2011205130","https://openalex.org/W2021689907","https://openalex.org/W2035453050","https://openalex.org/W2055538602","https://openalex.org/W2062668732","https://openalex.org/W2063261010","https://openalex.org/W2085683442","https://openalex.org/W2092858957","https://openalex.org/W2107775999","https://openalex.org/W2196752032","https://openalex.org/W2322562148","https://openalex.org/W2396154222","https://openalex.org/W2747645752","https://openalex.org/W2767390274","https://openalex.org/W2886447278","https://openalex.org/W2895512690","https://openalex.org/W2911694210","https://openalex.org/W2913694973","https://openalex.org/W2964585156","https://openalex.org/W3082926812","https://openalex.org/W3099114353","https://openalex.org/W3115384633","https://openalex.org/W3125029846","https://openalex.org/W3127798595","https://openalex.org/W3162784292","https://openalex.org/W3169593969","https://openalex.org/W3170376919","https://openalex.org/W3176526747","https://openalex.org/W3185878587","https://openalex.org/W4381436142","https://openalex.org/W4391882587"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3082926812","https://openalex.org/W2024625312","https://openalex.org/W3121478843","https://openalex.org/W7026628692","https://openalex.org/W2072231864","https://openalex.org/W2563195276","https://openalex.org/W2653300","https://openalex.org/W2106632971","https://openalex.org/W3115384633","https://openalex.org/W802601792"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Polydopamine":[0],"(PD),":[1],"inspired":[2],"by":[3,198],"the":[4,27,96,103,121,144,148,156,172,180,193,208],"wet":[5],"adhesion":[6],"mechanism":[7],"of":[8,30,54],"mussel":[9],"foot":[10],"proteins,":[11],"has":[12],"emerged":[13],"as":[14,45],"a":[15,235],"promising":[16],"adhesive":[17,28,48,97,116],"material":[18],"with":[19,60,143,207],"wide-ranging":[20],"applications.":[21],"This":[22,229],"study":[23,230],"aimed":[24],"to":[25,138,141,171,190,217,238,249],"compare":[26],"properties":[29],"PD":[31,132,188,213,233],"and":[32,39,70,102,131,201,219,226,244],"Glass":[33],"Ionomer":[34],"Cement":[35],"(GIC)":[36],"on":[37,95],"enamel":[38,191,218,242],"dentin":[40,139],"substrates,":[41],"evaluating":[42],"PD's":[43],"potential":[44],"an":[46],"alternative":[47,237],"in":[49,222],"dental":[50],"practice.":[51],"A":[52],"total":[53],"120":[55],"human":[56],"premolars":[57],"were":[58,84,111,160,205],"prepared,":[59],"80":[61,80],"teeth":[62,72,81,159],"allocated":[63],"for":[64,74,82,241],"Scanning":[65],"Electron":[66],"Microscopy":[67],"(SEM)":[68],"analysis":[69,119],"40":[71,157],"reserved":[73],"shear":[75,152],"bond":[76,109,153,195,224],"strength":[77,154,225],"testing.":[78],"The":[79,108,176],"SEM":[83,114,209],"divided":[85,161],"into":[86,162],"four":[87,163],"groups":[88,164],"(n":[89,165],"=":[90,166],"20":[91],"per":[92,168],"group)":[93,169],"based":[94],"used":[98],"(PD":[99],"or":[100,106],"GIC)":[101],"substrate":[104],"(enamel":[105],"dentin).":[107],"interfaces":[110],"analysed":[112,178],"under":[113],"following":[115],"self-polymerization.":[117],"Statistical":[118],"using":[120,179],"Mann-Whitney":[122],"U":[123],"test":[124,182],"(p":[125,183],"<":[126,184],"0.05)":[127],"revealed":[128],"that":[129,187,212,232],"GIC":[130,221],"showed":[133],"more":[134],"microcracks":[135],"when":[136],"bonded":[137,189],"compared":[140],"enamel,":[142],"PD-enamel":[145],"group":[146],"showing":[147],"fewest":[149],"microcracks.":[150],"For":[151],"testing,":[155],"remaining":[158],"10":[167],"according":[170],"same":[173],"adhesive-substrate":[174],"combinations.":[175],"results":[177],"Kruskal-Wallis":[181],"0.001),":[185],"indicated":[186],"exhibited":[192],"highest":[194],"strength,":[196],"followed":[197],"PD-dentin,":[199],"GIC-enamel,":[200],"GIC-dentin.":[202],"These":[203],"findings":[204],"consistent":[206],"analysis,":[210],"demonstrating":[211],"provides":[214],"superior":[215],"bonding":[216],"outperforms":[220],"both":[223],"interface":[227],"quality.":[228],"suggests":[231],"is":[234,247],"viable":[236],"GIC,":[239],"particularly":[240],"bonding,":[243],"further":[245],"research":[246],"recommended":[248],"assess":[250],"its":[251],"long-term":[252],"clinical":[253],"performance.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2025-01-18T00:00:00"}