{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406370813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14509","title":"Response to the letter titled \u201cAnalysis of semaglutide's effect on Alzheimer's disease risk\u201d","display_name":"Response to the letter titled \u201cAnalysis of semaglutide's effect on Alzheimer's disease risk\u201d","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406370813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14509","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39807703","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11848204"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/alz.14509","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14509","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14509","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/alz.14509","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108427512","display_name":"Alzheimer s & Dementia","issn_l":"1552-5260","issn":["1552-5260","1552-5279"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/alz.14509","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050134236","display_name":"Rong Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3127-4795","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3127-4795"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rong Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050134236"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"],"apc_list":{"value":4200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4200},"apc_paid":{"value":4200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4200},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00614659,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":"e14509","last_page":"e14509"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.7401999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.7401999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.21459999680519104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10086","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease research and treatments","score":0.02979999966919422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semaglutide","display_name":"semaglutide","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alzheimer-s-disease-risk","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease risk","score":0.9200000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909862629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27261089","display_name":"Semaglutide","level":5,"score":0.9616929292678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.6645209789276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6353715658187866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.6338220238685608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17923572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7250160","display_name":"Propensity score matching","level":2,"score":0.5419545769691467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.44967156648635864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.43852829933166504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.418337881565094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.4170588552951813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.36016374826431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.3505607843399048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.26113361120224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.21201163530349731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781308992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2526479","display_name":"Liraglutide","level":4,"score":0.16237199306488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.08253884315490723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/alz.14509","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14509","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14509","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/alz.14509","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108427512","display_name":"Alzheimer s & Dementia","issn_l":"1552-5260","issn":["1552-5260","1552-5279"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11848204","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11848204","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11848204/pdf/ALZ-21-e14509.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alzheimers Dement","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:39807703","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39807703","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association","raw_type":"Letter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/alz.14509","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14509","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14509","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/alz.14509","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108427512","display_name":"Alzheimer s & Dementia","issn_l":"1552-5260","issn":["1552-5260","1552-5279"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406370813.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406370813.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4403703331"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4403703331","https://openalex.org/W4407584372","https://openalex.org/W4410333757","https://openalex.org/W4411577608","https://openalex.org/W4410333755","https://openalex.org/W4411687402","https://openalex.org/W4405930759","https://openalex.org/W7164011188","https://openalex.org/W7117232992","https://openalex.org/W7202394573"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"the":[1,5,10,22,39,74,114,119,154,244,267,368,394,405,415,427,431],"Editor,":[2],"We":[3,30,68,167,298],"appreciate":[4],"opportunity":[6],"to":[7,9,37,101,113,135,242,252,366,380,426],"respond":[8],"comments":[11,116],"by":[12,118,147,414],"Hsu":[13],"et":[14],"al.":[15],"regarding":[16],"our":[17,28,71,111,270,286,357],"study.1":[18],"In":[19,122,285,338],"their":[20,141],"comments,":[21],"authors":[23],"discussed":[24],"several":[25],"limitations":[26,75,343],"in":[27,54,77,104,172,255,345,356,393],"study.":[29],"used":[31],"a":[32,281],"target":[33],"trial":[34],"emulation":[35],"framework":[36],"examine":[38],"associations":[40],"of":[41,46,66,158,160,178,195,214,266,387,409],"semaglutide":[42,125,161,179,184,196,245,372],"with":[43,56,128,140,276],"first-time":[44],"diagnosis":[45,65],"Alzheimer's":[47],"disease":[48],"(AD)":[49],"and":[50,88,92,144,156,192,219,222,229,246,294,359,373],"related":[51],"medication":[52],"prescriptions":[53],"patients":[55,182],"type":[57],"2":[58],"diabetes":[59],"(T2D)":[60],"who":[61],"had":[62],"no":[63,351,385],"prior":[64],"AD.":[67],"acknowledged":[69,341],"that":[70,94,169,239,300,350],"study":[72],"has":[73,378],"inherent":[76,344],"observational":[78,347],"studies":[79],"using":[80],"patient":[81],"electronic":[82],"health":[83],"records":[84],"(EHRs)":[85],"including":[86,208],"uncontrolled":[87],"unmeasured":[89],"confounding":[90,282],"factors":[91,207],"bias":[93],"preclude":[95],"causal":[96,352,369],"inferences,":[97],"which":[98,262,278],"will":[99],"need":[100],"be":[102,253,264,306,330,354,424],"examined":[103],"randomized":[105,363],"clinical":[106,364],"trials.":[107],"The":[108,201,376,382,399],"following":[109],"are":[110,391],"responses":[112],"specific":[115],"raised":[117],"authors.":[120,416],"(1)":[121],"this":[123,136],"study,":[124,287,358],"was":[126,235,240],"compared":[127],"other":[129,223,259],"anti-diabetic":[130,260],"medications.":[131],"Individuals":[132],"were":[133,162,203,289,295,321],"assigned":[134],"treatment":[137],"strategy":[138],"compatible":[139],"first":[142],"prescription":[143],"assumed":[145],"randomization":[146],"propensity-score":[148],"matching":[149,301,309],"for":[150,205,291,302,310,324,361,404,430],"baseline":[151],"covariates.":[152],"Therefore,":[153],"dosage":[155],"duration":[157],"use":[159,180],"not":[163,280,402],"accounted":[164],"as":[165,226],"confounders.":[166],"acknowledge":[168],"future":[170,362],"analyses":[171],"comparing":[173],"different":[174],"dose":[175],"or":[176,407],"durations":[177],"among":[181],"prescribed":[183],"could":[185,263,305],"provide":[186],"additional":[187],"insights":[188],"into":[189],"dose\u2013response":[190],"relationships":[191,370],"temporal":[193],"effects":[194],"on":[197,333],"AD":[198,273,374],"incidence.":[199],"(2)":[200],"groups":[202,288,320],"matched":[204,290],"lifestyle":[206],"tobacco":[209],"use,":[210],"alcohol":[211],"drinking,":[212],"lack":[213],"physical":[215],"exercise,":[216],"inappropriate":[217],"diet":[218],"eating":[220],"habits,":[221],"problems":[224],"such":[225],"antisocial":[227],"behavior":[228],"sleep":[230],"deprivation.":[231],"(3)":[232,284],"A1c":[233,256],"\u22658.5%":[234],"an":[236,334],"inclusion":[237],"criterion":[238],"applied":[241],"both":[243],"comparison":[247],"groups.":[248],"Semaglutide":[249],"is":[250,279,401],"known":[251],"better":[254,307],"control":[257],"than":[258,308,420],"medications,":[261],"one":[265,311],"mechanisms":[268],"underlying":[269],"observed":[271],"reduced":[272],"incidence":[274],"associated":[275],"semaglutide,":[277],"factor.":[283],"individual":[292,303],"comorbidities":[293,304],"well":[296,322],"balanced.":[297],"believe":[299],"single":[312],"aggregated":[313,335],"comorbidity":[314,336],"index.":[315,337],"For":[316],"example,":[317],"if":[318],"two":[319],"balanced":[323,331],"each":[325],"comorbidity,":[326],"they":[327],"would":[328],"automatically":[329],"based":[332],"summary,":[339],"we":[340],"many":[342],"EHR-based":[346],"studies,":[348],"emphasized":[349],"can":[353],"drawn":[355],"called":[360],"trials":[365],"assess":[367],"between":[371],"prevention.":[375],"author":[377,383,429],"nothing":[379],"report.":[381],"declares":[384],"conflicts":[386],"interest.":[388],"Author":[389],"disclosures":[390],"available":[392],"supporting":[395,411],"information.":[396],"Please":[397],"note:":[398],"publisher":[400],"responsible":[403],"content":[406],"functionality":[408],"any":[410],"information":[412],"supplied":[413],"Any":[417],"queries":[418],"(other":[419],"missing":[421],"content)":[422],"should":[423],"directed":[425],"corresponding":[428],"article.":[432]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2025-01-15T00:00:00"}