{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406133380","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77038","title":"Diagnostic Dilemma of a Soft Tissue Mass in the Medial Gastrocnemius: A Case Report","display_name":"Diagnostic Dilemma of a Soft Tissue Mass in the Medial Gastrocnemius: A Case Report","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406133380","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77038","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39917150","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11799364"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.77038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77038","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77038","pdf_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/case_report/pdf/327375/20250107-625050-bcvzs5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/case_report/pdf/327375/20250107-625050-bcvzs5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092843967","display_name":"Fadia Fakhre","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fadia Fakhre","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Surgery, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA",". Pathology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA",". Surgery, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Surgery, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Pathology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Surgery, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114538698","display_name":"Yelena Piazza","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yelena Piazza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pathology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA",". General Surgery, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA",". Surgery, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". General Surgery, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Surgery, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003828453","display_name":"Vladimir Kostadinov Neychev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0982-4984","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0982-4984"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vladimir Neychev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surgery, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA",". General Surgery, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA",". Pathology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surgery, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". General Surgery, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Pathology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5092843967"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6586,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62103469,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"e77038","last_page":"e77038"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13363","display_name":"Soft tissue tumors and treatment","score":0.6714000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13363","display_name":"Soft tissue tumors and treatment","score":0.6714000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12800","display_name":"Musculoskeletal synovial abnormalities and treatments","score":0.13699999451637268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10253","display_name":"Sarcoma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.11779999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-tissue-mass","display_name":"soft tissue mass","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastrocnemius-muscle","display_name":"gastrocnemius","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intramuscular-myxoma","display_name":"intramuscular myxoma","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-diagnosis","display_name":"differential diagnosis","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-excision","display_name":"surgical excision","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histopathology","display_name":"histopathology","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benign-versus-malignant-tumors","display_name":"benign versus malignant tumors","score":0.40299999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9346346855163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775836562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144367","display_name":"Ganglion cyst","level":3,"score":0.751117467880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781447767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369148","display_name":"Schwannoma","level":2,"score":0.6505724191665649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136948725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458306","display_name":"Soft tissue","level":2,"score":0.6260898113250732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775872116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q943203","display_name":"Gastrocnemius muscle","level":3,"score":0.5495454668998718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.5208157300949097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837512","display_name":"Differential diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.47772642970085144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781156865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827023","display_name":"Lesion","level":2,"score":0.43355634808540344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780597408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193211","display_name":"Cyst","level":2,"score":0.4196254312992096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.415931761264801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.3640826344490051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.3017868995666504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779959927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048687","display_name":"Skeletal muscle","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.77038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77038","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77038","pdf_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/case_report/pdf/327375/20250107-625050-bcvzs5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11799364","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11799364","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11799364/pdf/cureus-0017-00000077038.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:39917150","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39917150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Case Reports"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.77038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77038","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77038","pdf_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/case_report/pdf/327375/20250107-625050-bcvzs5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report","display_name":"Case Report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406133380.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406133380.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2048485596","https://openalex.org/W2110402133","https://openalex.org/W2272011797","https://openalex.org/W2766014285","https://openalex.org/W2945248352","https://openalex.org/W3003904725","https://openalex.org/W4210681192","https://openalex.org/W4406455100","https://openalex.org/W6703523006"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7170786901","https://openalex.org/W4403044236","https://openalex.org/W4400101883","https://openalex.org/W7147664358","https://openalex.org/W2384485254","https://openalex.org/W2119851696","https://openalex.org/W3117096627","https://openalex.org/W2780011473","https://openalex.org/W2063373785","https://openalex.org/W1980070192"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Soft":[0],"tissue":[1,115,192],"masses":[2,193],"in":[3,43,189,194],"the":[4,13,30,61,80,85,98,128,137,141,155,163,170,174,186,195],"lower":[5,63,196],"extremities":[6],"present":[7],"significant":[8],"diagnostic":[9],"challenges":[10],"due":[11],"to":[12,22,29,136],"broad":[14],"spectrum":[15],"of":[16,32,60,84,127,140,157,169,173],"potential":[17,208],"etiologies,":[18],"ranging":[19],"from":[20],"benign":[21,103,171],"malignant":[23,105],"tumors.":[24],"A":[25,55],"69-year-old":[26],"woman":[27],"presented":[28],"University":[31],"Central":[33],"Florida-Health":[34],"Surgical":[35,125],"Clinic":[36],"with":[37,88,93,148,162],"an":[38,94],"enlarging,":[39],"firm,":[40],"ovoid":[41,77],"mass":[42,78,129],"her":[44],"left":[45,62,142],"gastrocnemius":[46,86,144],"muscle":[47,87,145],"causing":[48],"increasing":[49],"mostly":[50],"emotional":[51],"and":[52,67,104,122,166,179],"psychological":[53],"distress.":[54],"magnetic":[56],"resonance":[57],"imaging":[58,89,201],"(MRI)":[59],"extremity":[64],"was":[65],"ordered,":[66],"findings":[68,165,202],"suggested":[69],"a":[70,131,158],"1.8":[71,73],"\u00d7":[72,74],"3.1":[75],"cm":[76],"at":[79],"proximal":[81],"medial":[82,143],"head":[83],"features":[90],"most":[91],"consistent":[92],"intramuscular":[95,138],"myxoma.":[96],"However,":[97],"differential":[99],"diagnosis":[100,156],"included":[101],"other":[102],"entities,":[106],"such":[107],"as":[108],"schwannoma,":[109],"ganglion":[110,159],"cyst,":[111,118,160],"neurofibroma,":[112],"lipoma,":[113],"soft":[114,191],"sarcoma,":[116],"Baker's":[117],"bursitis,":[119],"tenosynovitis,":[120],"abscesses,":[121],"vascular":[123],"lesions.":[124],"excision":[126],"revealed":[130],"cystic":[132],"lesion":[133],"intimately":[134],"related":[135],"portion":[139],"tendon":[146],"filled":[147],"transparent,":[149],"gel-like":[150],"fluid.":[151],"Histopathological":[152],"examination":[153],"confirmed":[154],"aligning":[161],"intraoperative":[164],"providing":[167],"reassurance":[168],"nature":[172],"lesion.":[175],"The":[176],"patient's":[177],"recovery":[178],"follow-up":[180],"were":[181],"uneventful.":[182],"This":[183],"case":[184],"underscores":[185],"complexities":[187],"involved":[188],"diagnosing":[190],"extremities,":[197],"particularly":[198],"when":[199],"initial":[200],"are":[203],"not":[204],"straightforward,":[205],"suggesting":[206],"multiple":[207],"etiologies.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2025-01-08T00:00:00"}
