{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405825035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44371-024-00076-w","title":"Exploring the antimicrobial and anti-HIV-1 properties of Anthocleista djalonensis, Vernonia cinerea, and Pycnanthus angolensis extracts","display_name":"Exploring the antimicrobial and anti-HIV-1 properties of Anthocleista djalonensis, Vernonia cinerea, and Pycnanthus angolensis extracts","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405825035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44371-024-00076-w"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44371-024-00076-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44371-024-00076-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44371-024-00076-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44371-024-00076-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404664029","display_name":"Discover Chemistry.","issn_l":"3005-1193","issn":["3005-1193"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404664013","host_organization_name":"Springer, Singapore","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404664013"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer, Singapore"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44371-024-00076-w.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010358455","display_name":"Ijeoma S. Okoro","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203238179","display_name":"Rhodes University","ror":"https://ror.org/016sewp10","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203238179"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44738892","display_name":"Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi","ror":"https://ror.org/05hgtp764","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44738892"]}],"countries":["NG","ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ijeoma S. Okoro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Nigeria","Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, P. O. Box 94, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44738892"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, P. O. Box 94, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203238179"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043816291","display_name":"Sampson Dominic Umoh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4781-0054","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4781-0054"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44738892","display_name":"Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi","ror":"https://ror.org/05hgtp764","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44738892"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sampson D. Umoh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44738892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049372990","display_name":"Anita Kelechi Asekunowo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197610006","display_name":"University of Lagos","ror":"https://ror.org/05rk03822","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197610006"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anita K. Asekunowo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197610006"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059837674","display_name":"Emmanuel Edet Etim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8304-9771","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8304-9771","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0979-564X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4400600929","display_name":"Federal University Wukari","ror":"https://ror.org/04t8bw757","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4400600929"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emmanuel E. Etim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Taraba, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Taraba, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4400600929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089569746","display_name":"Iniobong E. Ante","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44738892","display_name":"Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi","ror":"https://ror.org/05hgtp764","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44738892"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iniobong E. Ante","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44738892"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075826804","display_name":"Nahandoo Ich\u00f4ron","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7889-0427","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7889-0427"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44738892","display_name":"Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi","ror":"https://ror.org/05hgtp764","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44738892"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nahandoo Ichoron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44738892"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043816291"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44738892"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20988636,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14521","display_name":"Medicinal Plant Research","score":0.6830999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14521","display_name":"Medicinal Plant Research","score":0.6830999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10526","display_name":"HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","score":0.23659999668598175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.011500000022351742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthocleista-djalonensis","display_name":"Anthocleista djalonensis","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vernonia-cinerea","display_name":"Vernonia cinerea","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pycnanthus-angolensis","display_name":"Pycnanthus angolensis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1-integrase-inhibition","display_name":"HIV-1 integrase inhibition","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1-protease-inhibition","display_name":"HIV-1 protease inhibition","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-activity","display_name":"antimicrobial activity","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-extracts","display_name":"plant extracts","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-traditional-medicine","display_name":"African traditional medicine","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnopharmacology","display_name":"ethnopharmacology","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chicoric-acid","display_name":"chicoric acid","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-inhibitory-concentration","display_name":"minimum inhibitory concentration","score":0.8019999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4937899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68541106","display_name":"Antimicrobial","level":2,"score":0.665357232093811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.5968912243843079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.46524178981781006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.44912058115005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.227535218000412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.21983876824378967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.17874902486801147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44371-024-00076-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44371-024-00076-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44371-024-00076-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44371-024-00076-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404664029","display_name":"Discover Chemistry.","issn_l":"3005-1193","issn":["3005-1193"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404664013","host_organization_name":"Springer, Singapore","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404664013"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer, Singapore"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44371-024-00076-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44371-024-00076-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44371-024-00076-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44371-024-00076-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404664029","display_name":"Discover Chemistry.","issn_l":"3005-1193","issn":["3005-1193"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404664013","host_organization_name":"Springer, Singapore","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404664013"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer, Singapore"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8999999761581421}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5699999928474426}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320683","display_name":"Rhodes University","ror":"https://ror.org/016sewp10"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405825035.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405825035.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1793373338","https://openalex.org/W1851303894","https://openalex.org/W1878404532","https://openalex.org/W1964951360","https://openalex.org/W1993800351","https://openalex.org/W1994545472","https://openalex.org/W1996040048","https://openalex.org/W1998813367","https://openalex.org/W2001900320","https://openalex.org/W2007383218","https://openalex.org/W2009372347","https://openalex.org/W2047682827","https://openalex.org/W2051061316","https://openalex.org/W2067699310","https://openalex.org/W2072055355","https://openalex.org/W2077091666","https://openalex.org/W2077286975","https://openalex.org/W2077647603","https://openalex.org/W2090534961","https://openalex.org/W2104493016","https://openalex.org/W2117959947","https://openalex.org/W2144495358","https://openalex.org/W2178054549","https://openalex.org/W2325218113","https://openalex.org/W2336000508","https://openalex.org/W2491372739","https://openalex.org/W2606796326","https://openalex.org/W2621014915","https://openalex.org/W2773626070","https://openalex.org/W2800748294","https://openalex.org/W3049251222","https://openalex.org/W3144056893","https://openalex.org/W3212357354","https://openalex.org/W4211179183","https://openalex.org/W4281617743","https://openalex.org/W4388764856","https://openalex.org/W4389742051","https://openalex.org/W4396667349","https://openalex.org/W7212173409"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2082860237","https://openalex.org/W2119695867","https://openalex.org/W2130076355","https://openalex.org/W1990804418","https://openalex.org/W1993764875","https://openalex.org/W2046158694","https://openalex.org/W2788277189","https://openalex.org/W2013243191","https://openalex.org/W1971568933"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,113,168],"study":[1,228],"examined":[2],"the":[3,35,106,118,130,153,164,174,216,230,253],"anti-HIV-1":[4,110,245],"integrase,":[5],"protease,":[6],"and":[7,25,47,80,89,126,141,183,205,224],"antimicrobial":[8,52],"properties":[9],"of":[10,38,77,96,152,160,232,255],"crude":[11,39,65,119,132],"extracts":[12,40,67,120,154,186,208,234],"from":[13,121,134],"three":[14,64],"traditional":[15,257],"Nigerian":[16],"medicinal":[17],"plants:":[18],"Anthocleista":[19],"djalonensis":[20,136,178],",":[21,24,88,137,140,179,182,204],"Vernonia":[22],"cinerea":[23,87,139,181,203],"Pycnanthus":[26],"angolensis":[27,91,143,185,207],".":[28],"Fluorometric":[29],"assays":[30],"were":[31],"utilized":[32],"to":[33],"assess":[34],"inhibitory":[36,218],"effects":[37],"produced":[41],"through":[42],"maceration":[43],"on":[44,173],"HIV-1":[45,48,70,165,188,239],"integrase":[46,71,111,189,246],"protease.":[49],"The":[50,59,227,248],"samples'":[51],"activity":[53,72],"was":[54,99],"measured":[55],"using":[56],"microdilution":[57],"methods.":[58],"results":[60],"showed":[61],"that":[62],"all":[63,213],"plant":[66,233],"significantly":[68],"inhibited":[69],"with":[73,117,215],"IC":[74,93],"50":[75,94],"values":[76],"0.01891,":[78],"0.709,":[79],"5.21":[81],"\u03bcg/mL":[82],"for":[83,101,109,115,176,238],"A.":[84,127,135,177,200],"djalonensis,":[85,201],"V.":[86,122,138,180,202],"P.":[90,124,142,184,206],"respectively.":[92],"value":[95],"0.006992":[97],"\u03bcM":[98],"recorded":[100],"chicoric":[102],"acid":[103],"used":[104],"as":[105,235,241],"reference":[107],"medication":[108],"activity.":[112],"allowed":[114],"comparison":[116],"cinerea,":[123],"angolensis,":[125],"djalonensis.":[128],"Conversely,":[129],"methanol":[131],"extract":[133],"did":[144],"not":[145],"show":[146],"a":[147,157],"dose":[148],"response":[149],"since":[150],"none":[151],"could":[155],"reduce":[156],"specific":[158],"percentage":[159],"viable":[161],"cells":[162],"in":[163],"protease":[166,192],"assay.":[167],"data":[169],"provides":[170],"vital":[171],"information":[172],"preference":[175],"towards":[187],"rather":[190],"than":[191],"even":[193],"though":[194],"it":[195],"may":[196],"initially":[197],"seem":[198],"unexpected.":[199],"exhibited":[209],"antibacterial":[210],"activities":[211],"against":[212],"pathogens":[214],"minimum":[217],"concentrations":[219],"(MIC)":[220],"ranging":[221],"between":[222],"8":[223],"67":[225],"\u03bcg/mL.":[226],"underscores":[229],"potential":[231],"innovative":[236],"treatments":[237],"infection,":[240],"they":[242],"can":[243],"provide":[244],"inhibitors.":[247],"ethnopharmacological":[249],"perspective":[250],"thus":[251],"confirms":[252],"significance":[254],"African":[256],"medicines.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
