{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405820697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.813482417123","title":"PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND DIAGNOSTIC STRATEGIES FOR PARKINSON'S DISEASE: A LITERATURE REVIEW","display_name":"PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND DIAGNOSTIC STRATEGIES FOR PARKINSON'S DISEASE: A LITERATURE REVIEW","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405820697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.813482417123"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22533/at.ed.813482417123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.813482417123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.813482417123","pdf_url":"https://atenaeditora.com.br/catalogo/dowload-post/94166","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210167804","display_name":"International Journal of Biological and Natural Sciences","issn_l":"2764-1813","issn":["2764-1813"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Biological and Natural Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://atenaeditora.com.br/catalogo/dowload-post/94166","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Roberto Mendes J\u00fanior","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I243754102","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/03srtnf24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Mendes J\u00fanior","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Cear\u00e1 (UFC) , Department of Morphology Fortaleza -Cear\u00e1"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Cear\u00e1 (UFC) , Department of Morphology Fortaleza -Cear\u00e1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106488055","display_name":"Larissa Vieira dos Santos","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Larissa Vieira dos Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114845737","display_name":"Maria Beatriz Bezerra de Maria","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35046152","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn09761","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Beatriz Bezerra de Maria","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) , Department of Pharmacy Natal -Rio Grande do Norte https ://lattes. cnpq "],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) , Department of Pharmacy Natal -Rio Grande do Norte https ://lattes. cnpq ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018907850","display_name":"Ruhama Beatriz da Silva","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35046152","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn09761","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruhama Beatriz da Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) , Department of Pharmacy Natal -Rio Grande do Norte http"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) , Department of Pharmacy Natal -Rio Grande do Norte http","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ana Norm\u00e9lia Pereira de Morais","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Norm\u00e9lia Pereira de Morais","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056097369","display_name":"Ana Fl\u00e1via Bezerra da Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0450-6039","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0450-6039"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Fl\u00e1via Bezerra da Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Paula Gabriela Alves de Sousa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paula Gabriela Alves de Sousa","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Jonathan Oliveira da Silva","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102939073","display_name":"Universidade Estadual do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/00sec1m50","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102939073"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I243754102","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/03srtnf24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Jonathan Oliveira da Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Cear\u00e1 (UFC) , Department of Morphology Fortaleza -Cear\u00e1","State University of Cear\u00e1 (UECE) , Department of Physiology Fortaleza -Cear\u00e1 https :// lattes "],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Cear\u00e1 (UFC) , Department of Morphology Fortaleza -Cear\u00e1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of Cear\u00e1 (UECE) , Department of Physiology Fortaleza -Cear\u00e1 https :// lattes ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102939073"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018923407","display_name":"Francisco Thiago Vieira Oliveira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3844-5032","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3844-5032"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Thiago Vieira Oliveira","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027190452","display_name":"Jhenny Ribeiro Lima Leal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jhenny Ribeiro Lima Leal","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101827135","display_name":"Satish Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1969-4431","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1969-4431"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102939073","display_name":"Universidade Estadual do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/00sec1m50","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102939073"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Satish Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pirassununga -S\u00e3o Paulo","State University of Cear\u00e1 (UECE) , Veterinary School Fortaleza -Cear\u00e1"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pirassununga -S\u00e3o Paulo","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of Cear\u00e1 (UECE) , Veterinary School Fortaleza -Cear\u00e1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102939073"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.31452563,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"8","first_page":"1","last_page":"16"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathophysiology","display_name":"pathophysiology","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-diagnosis","display_name":"early diagnosis","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarkers","display_name":"biomarkers","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroimaging","display_name":"neuroimaging","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnosis","display_name":"diagnosis","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopaminergic-neurons","display_name":"dopaminergic neurons","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurodegeneration","display_name":"neurodegeneration","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-biomarkers","display_name":"blood biomarkers","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebrospinal-fluid-biomarkers","display_name":"cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salivary-biomarkers","display_name":"salivary biomarkers","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-function-assessment","display_name":"motor function assessment","score":0.6620000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10162356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135939","display_name":"Pathophysiology","level":2,"score":0.6355147361755371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5463618636131287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.5237155556678772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4909971058368683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.4499368667602539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.33399879932403564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.22655391693115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.22478464245796204}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22533/at.ed.813482417123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.813482417123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.813482417123","pdf_url":"https://atenaeditora.com.br/catalogo/dowload-post/94166","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210167804","display_name":"International Journal of Biological and Natural Sciences","issn_l":"2764-1813","issn":["2764-1813"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Biological and Natural Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.22533/at.ed.813482417123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.813482417123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.813482417123","pdf_url":"https://atenaeditora.com.br/catalogo/dowload-post/94166","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210167804","display_name":"International Journal of Biological and Natural Sciences","issn_l":"2764-1813","issn":["2764-1813"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Biological and Natural Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9940000176429749,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405820697.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405820697.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3207425769","https://openalex.org/W2130918841","https://openalex.org/W4413279435","https://openalex.org/W4404840997","https://openalex.org/W2751735330","https://openalex.org/W4391898121","https://openalex.org/W4205547895","https://openalex.org/W4401994248","https://openalex.org/W2373119123","https://openalex.org/W2171187520"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"Parkinson's":[1,54,156],"disease":[2,15,55,140,187],"(PD)":[3],"is":[4,30,50,126,160],"associated":[5],"with":[6,82,221],"a":[7,119,130,231],"progressive":[8],"neurodegenerative":[9],"disorder":[10],"that":[11,112,149,170,206,228],"compromises":[12],"dopaminergic":[13],"neurons.The":[14],"mainly":[16],"affects":[17],"the":[18,25,42,57,71,91,114,135,139,153,164,186,196,201,217,224],"elderly,":[19],"but":[20],"can":[21,229],"also":[22],"occur":[23],"before":[24],"age":[26],"of":[27,47,108,133,155,166,198,203,219,234],"50.However,":[28],"there":[29],"still":[31],"no":[32],"diagnostic":[33,102],"method":[34],"to":[35,52,128,143,151,162,189,236],"guarantee":[36],"an":[37],"early":[38],"diagnosis,":[39,209],"which":[40,182],"makes":[41],"disease's":[43],"prognosis":[44],"difficult.The":[45],"aim":[46],"this":[48,63,240],"study":[49],"therefore":[51],"describe":[53],"and":[56,76,88,110,146,168,180,193,211],"possibilities":[58,215],"for":[59,105],"diagnosing":[60],"it.METHODS:":[61],"For":[62],"purpose,":[64],"bibliographic":[65],"research":[66,204],"was":[67],"carried":[68],"out":[69],"in":[70,86,175,185,216],"Google":[72],"Scholar,":[73],"Pubmed,":[74],"SciELO,":[75],"Virtual":[77],"Health":[78],"Library":[79],"(VHL)":[80],"databases,":[81],"articles":[83],"dated":[84],"2016-2024,":[85],"English":[87],"Portuguese,":[89],"using":[90],"following":[92],"keywords:":[93],"\"Biomarkers\",":[94],"\"Clinical":[95],"Diagnosis\",":[96],"\"Neuroimaging\",":[97],"\"Pathophysiology\",":[98],"\"Parkinson's":[99],"Disease\".RESULTS:":[100],"The":[101],"methods":[103],"used":[104],"PD":[106],"consist":[107],"criteria":[109],"scales":[111],"assess":[113],"individual's":[115],"motor":[116],"functions":[117],"at":[118],"clinical":[120,208],"level.However,":[121],"through":[122],"neuroimaging":[123,210],"techniques,":[124],"it":[125,159],"possible":[127,161],"perceive":[129],"greater":[131],"correlation":[132],"how":[134],"regions":[136],"affected":[137,238],"by":[138,239],"behave,":[141],"managing":[142],"capture":[144],"structural":[145],"functional":[147],"components":[148],"help":[150],"understand":[152],"progression":[154],"disease.In":[157],"addition,":[158],"see":[163],"prevalence":[165],"genes":[167],"proteins":[169],"function":[171],"as":[172],"biomarkers":[173],"present":[174],"body":[176],"fluids":[177],"(blood,":[178],"CSF":[179],"saliva),":[181],"suggest":[183],"changes":[184],"due":[188],"their":[190],"high":[191],"sensitivity":[192],"specificity":[194],"during":[195],"course":[197],"PD.Conclusion:":[199],"Therefore,":[200],"evolution":[202],"suggests":[205],"correlating":[207],"biomarkers,":[212],"brings":[213],"great":[214],"discovery":[218],"patients":[220],"PD,":[222],"enabling":[223],"best":[225],"therapeutic":[226],"choices":[227],"offer":[230],"better":[232],"quality":[233],"life":[235],"individuals":[237],"disease.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2024-12-27T00:00:00"}
