{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405531007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14121272","title":"The Effect of Processing Techniques on the Classification Accuracy of Brain-Computer Interface Systems","display_name":"The Effect of Processing Techniques on the Classification Accuracy of Brain-Computer Interface Systems","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405531007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14121272","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39766471","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11674661"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/brainsci14121272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14121272","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14121272","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/14/12/1272/pdf?version=1734511982","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122317144","display_name":"Brain Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3425","issn":["2076-3425"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/14/12/1272/pdf?version=1734511982","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017045430","display_name":"Andr\u00e1s Adolf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7855-1492","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7855-1492"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31882830","display_name":"P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9kya57","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31882830"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138738","display_name":"Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q42nz13","country_code":"HU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138738","https://openalex.org/I4387152226","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80251312","display_name":"HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03zwxja46","country_code":"HU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152226","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andr\u00e1s Adolf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent  - affiliation not provided to SSRN","Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University, Pr\u00e1ter utca 50/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary","Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary","Roska Tam\u00e1s Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pr\u00e1ter utca 50/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent  - affiliation not provided to SSRN","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University, Pr\u00e1ter utca 50/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31882830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138738","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Roska Tam\u00e1s Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pr\u00e1ter utca 50/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028142687","display_name":"Csaba M\u00e1rton K\u00f6ll\u0151d","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3817-6709","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3817-6709"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31882830","display_name":"P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9kya57","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31882830"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138738","display_name":"Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q42nz13","country_code":"HU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138738","https://openalex.org/I4387152226","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80251312","display_name":"HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03zwxja46","country_code":"HU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152226","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Csaba  M\u00e1rton K\u00f6ll\u0151d","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent  - affiliation not provided to SSRN","Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University, Pr\u00e1ter utca 50/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary","Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent  - affiliation not provided to SSRN","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University, Pr\u00e1ter utca 50/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31882830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138738","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036485659","display_name":"Gergely M\u00e1rton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4359-0111","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4359-0111"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31882830","display_name":"P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9kya57","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31882830"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138738","display_name":"Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q42nz13","country_code":"HU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138738","https://openalex.org/I4387152226","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80251312","display_name":"HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03zwxja46","country_code":"HU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152226","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gergely M\u00e1rton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent  - affiliation not provided to SSRN","Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University, Pr\u00e1ter utca 50/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary","Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent  - affiliation not provided to SSRN","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University, Pr\u00e1ter utca 50/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31882830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138738","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047584620","display_name":"Ward Fadel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31882830","display_name":"P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9kya57","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31882830"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138738","display_name":"Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q42nz13","country_code":"HU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138738","https://openalex.org/I4387152226","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80251312","display_name":"HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03zwxja46","country_code":"HU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152226","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ward Fadel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent  - affiliation not provided to SSRN","Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University, Pr\u00e1ter utca 50/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary","Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary","Roska Tam\u00e1s Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pr\u00e1ter utca 50/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent  - affiliation not provided to SSRN","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University, Pr\u00e1ter utca 50/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31882830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138738","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Roska Tam\u00e1s Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pr\u00e1ter utca 50/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072499791","display_name":"Istv\u00e1n Ulbert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9941-9159","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9941-9159"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101202996","display_name":"Semmelweis University","ror":"https://ror.org/01g9ty582","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101202996"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31882830","display_name":"P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9kya57","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31882830"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138738","display_name":"Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q42nz13","country_code":"HU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138738","https://openalex.org/I4387152226","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80251312","display_name":"HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03zwxja46","country_code":"HU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152226","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Istv\u00e1n Ulbert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Centre for Natural Sciences - Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology","Research Centre for Natural Sciences - Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungary","Department of Neurosurgery and Neurointervention, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Amerikai \u00fat 57, 1145 Budapest, Hungary","Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University, Pr\u00e1ter utca 50/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary","Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre for Natural Sciences - Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138738","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre for Natural Sciences - Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138738","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery and Neurointervention, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Amerikai \u00fat 57, 1145 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101202996"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P\u00e9ter Catholic University, Pr\u00e1ter utca 50/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31882830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tud\u00f3sok K\u00f6r\u00fatja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138738","https://openalex.org/I80251312"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017045430"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31882830","https://openalex.org/I4210138738","https://openalex.org/I80251312"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2501},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2501},"fwci":1.0684,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70734834,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"12","first_page":"1272","last_page":"1272"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-computer-interface","display_name":"brain-computer interface","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eeg-classification","display_name":"EEG classification","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artifact-rejection","display_name":"artifact rejection","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-filtering","display_name":"frequency filtering","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-learning","display_name":"transfer learning","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-imagery","display_name":"motor imagery","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eegnet","display_name":"EEGNet","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-networks","display_name":"convolutional neural networks","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physionet-dataset","display_name":"PhysioNet dataset","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurorehabilitation","display_name":"neurorehabilitation","score":0.8309999704360962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.7775661945343018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7687387466430664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779010991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2720909","display_name":"Artifact (error)","level":2,"score":0.7252489328384399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6603648662567139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.6069737672805786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5976172685623169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.5913450717926025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.579718291759491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132964779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110223","display_name":"Raw data","level":2,"score":0.4938707947731018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54808283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6918191","display_name":"Motor imagery","level":4,"score":0.4814271628856659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.47842055559158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3673057556152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/brainsci14121272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14121272","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14121272","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/14/12/1272/pdf?version=1734511982","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122317144","display_name":"Brain Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3425","issn":["2076-3425"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4948244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4948244","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4948244","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11674661","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11674661","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11674661/pdf/brainsci-14-01272.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:39766471","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39766471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain sciences","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:real.mtak.hu:217210","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://real.mtak.hu/217210/1/Adolf_et_al_2024_Brain_Sciences.pdf","pdf_url":"https://real.mtak.hu/217210/1/Adolf_et_al_2024_Brain_Sciences.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400081","display_name":"Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210140733","host_organization_name":"Library and Information Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140733"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cbe777126a4e43d6b1bc71b3932d0b13","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cbe777126a4e43d6b1bc71b3932d0b13","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Brain Sciences, Vol 14, Iss 12, p 1272 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/brainsci14121272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14121272","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14121272","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/14/12/1272/pdf?version=1734511982","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122317144","display_name":"Brain Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3425","issn":["2076-3425"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1097417875","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336675","funder_display_name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3010043306","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FK146115","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336675","funder_display_name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4087624693","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FK146115","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322192","funder_display_name":"Magyar Tudom\u00e1nyos Akad\u00e9mia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4120213935","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RRF\u20102.3.1\u201021\u20102022\u201000015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322193","funder_display_name":"Nemzeti Kutat\u00e1si \u00e9s Technol\u00f3giai Hivatal"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4291895964","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KDP-2021-12","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336675","funder_display_name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4537062667","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322192","funder_display_name":"Magyar Tudom\u00e1nyos Akad\u00e9mia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6505858935","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1022428/001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336675","funder_display_name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6987704172","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NAP2022-I-2/2022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322192","funder_display_name":"Magyar Tudom\u00e1nyos Akad\u00e9mia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7071373548","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NAP2022-I-2/2022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322193","funder_display_name":"Nemzeti Kutat\u00e1si \u00e9s Technol\u00f3giai Hivatal"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8075504481","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FK146115","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322193","funder_display_name":"Nemzeti Kutat\u00e1si \u00e9s Technol\u00f3giai Hivatal"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314997","display_name":"Strong","ror":"https://ror.org/041vyzr56"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322192","display_name":"Magyar Tudom\u00e1nyos Akad\u00e9mia","ror":"https://ror.org/02ks8qq67"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322193","display_name":"Nemzeti Kutat\u00e1si \u00e9s Technol\u00f3giai Hivatal","ror":"https://ror.org/03g2am276"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335908","display_name":"Nemzeti Kutat\u00e1si, Fejleszt\u00e9si \u00e9s Innovaci\u00f3s Alap","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336675","display_name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Office","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405531007.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405531007.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W323457753","https://openalex.org/W1547702425","https://openalex.org/W1980381399","https://openalex.org/W1994321338","https://openalex.org/W2005521760","https://openalex.org/W2010371409","https://openalex.org/W2023869733","https://openalex.org/W2030729605","https://openalex.org/W2031990580","https://openalex.org/W2082930519","https://openalex.org/W2106006415","https://openalex.org/W2119163516","https://openalex.org/W2128909182","https://openalex.org/W2138964882","https://openalex.org/W2151669316","https://openalex.org/W2162800060","https://openalex.org/W2214553575","https://openalex.org/W2293981118","https://openalex.org/W2559463885","https://openalex.org/W2601172013","https://openalex.org/W2727377640","https://openalex.org/W2741907166","https://openalex.org/W2789883228","https://openalex.org/W2797723220","https://openalex.org/W2806000515","https://openalex.org/W2810814577","https://openalex.org/W2888355470","https://openalex.org/W2889782437","https://openalex.org/W2912066351","https://openalex.org/W2915196348","https://openalex.org/W2963427114","https://openalex.org/W2969571353","https://openalex.org/W2971075653","https://openalex.org/W2980816529","https://openalex.org/W2991434682","https://openalex.org/W2992989584","https://openalex.org/W3010398693","https://openalex.org/W3083693766","https://openalex.org/W3090425814","https://openalex.org/W3092342532","https://openalex.org/W3101820167","https://openalex.org/W3127347736","https://openalex.org/W3172048090","https://openalex.org/W3175061495","https://openalex.org/W3186576221","https://openalex.org/W4200409924","https://openalex.org/W4323060071","https://openalex.org/W4377047343","https://openalex.org/W4381336006","https://openalex.org/W4391315997","https://openalex.org/W4392807389","https://openalex.org/W6754131571"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4402325444","https://openalex.org/W4381336006","https://openalex.org/W4391669374","https://openalex.org/W7107971909","https://openalex.org/W7203543062","https://openalex.org/W4404339990","https://openalex.org/W7204751899","https://openalex.org/W2366368182","https://openalex.org/W6949168813","https://openalex.org/W4292436408"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background/Objectives:":[0],"Accurately":[1],"classifying":[2],"Electroencephalography":[3],"(EEG)":[4],"signals":[5],"is":[6,17,39],"essential":[7],"for":[8,19,71,163,192,204,276,308],"the":[9,27,42,59,68,115,123,129,160,174,177,187,199,220,237,295,306],"effective":[10,184],"operation":[11],"of":[12,36,44,61,86,101,117,189,291],"Brain-Computer":[13],"Interfaces":[14],"(BCI),":[15],"which":[16,229],"needed":[18],"reliable":[20],"neurorehabilitation":[21],"applications.":[22],"However,":[23,198],"many":[24,154],"factors":[25,155],"in":[26,51,185,201,215],"processing":[28,46,63,299,310],"pipeline":[29],"can":[30,150,165],"influence":[31],"classification":[32,49,148,170,202,263],"performance.":[33],"The":[34,82,103,289],"objective":[35],"this":[37,292],"study":[38,57,293],"to":[40,96,122,211,231,244,313],"assess":[41],"effects":[43],"different":[45],"steps":[47],"on":[48,173,226,267],"accuracy":[50,149,203,225,240],"EEG-based":[52],"BCI":[53],"systems.":[54],"Methods:":[55],"This":[56],"explores":[58],"impact":[60,116],"various":[62],"techniques":[64,300],"and":[65,79,110,133,140,176,195,278,301,316],"stages,":[66],"including":[67],"FASTER":[69],"algorithm":[70],"artifact":[72],"rejection":[73],"(AR),":[74],"frequency":[75,256,271],"filtering,":[76],"transfer":[77,234,248],"learning,":[78],"cropped":[80,284],"training.":[81],"Physionet":[83],"dataset,":[84],"consisting":[85],"four":[87],"motor":[88],"imagery":[89],"classes,":[90],"was":[91,106,183,207,250,258,286],"used":[92,128],"as":[93],"input":[94,124],"due":[95],"its":[97],"relatively":[98],"large":[99],"number":[100],"subjects.":[102],"raw":[104,194],"EEG":[105],"tested":[107],"with":[108,233],"EEGNet":[109,277],"Shallow":[111,279],"ConvNet.":[112],"To":[113],"examine":[114],"adding":[118],"a":[119],"spatial":[120],"dimension":[121],"data,":[125,213,228],"we":[126],"also":[127],"Multi-branch":[130],"Conv3D":[131,141],"Net":[132,139],"developed":[134],"two":[135],"new":[136],"models,":[137],"Conv2D":[138],"Net.":[142],"Results:":[143],"Our":[144],"analysis":[145],"showed":[146],"that":[147],"be":[151],"affected":[152],"by":[153],"at":[156],"every":[157],"stage.":[158],"Applying":[159],"AR":[161],"method,":[162],"instance,":[164,219],"either":[166],"enhance":[167],"or":[168],"degrade":[169],"performance,":[171,304],"depending":[172],"subject":[175],"specific":[178,314],"network":[179,303,317],"architecture.":[180],"Transfer":[181],"learning":[182,249],"improving":[186],"performance":[188,264],"all":[190],"networks":[191,260],"both":[193],"artifact-rejected":[196,205],"data.":[197],"improvement":[200],"data":[206],"less":[208],"pronounced":[209],"compared":[210],"unfiltered":[212,227],"resulting":[214],"reduced":[216],"precision.":[217],"For":[218],"best":[221],"classifier":[222],"achieved":[223],"46.1%":[224],"increased":[230],"63.5%":[232],"learning.":[235],"In":[236],"filtered":[238],"case,":[239],"rose":[241],"from":[242],"45.5%":[243],"only":[245,282],"55.9%":[246],"when":[247,265,283],"applied.":[251,287],"An":[252],"unexpected":[253],"outcome":[254],"regarding":[255],"filtering":[257],"observed:":[259],"demonstrated":[261],"better":[262],"focusing":[266],"lower-frequency":[268],"components.":[269],"Higher":[270],"ranges":[272],"were":[273],"more":[274],"discriminative":[275],"ConvNet,":[280],"but":[281],"training":[285],"Conclusions:":[288],"findings":[290],"highlight":[294],"complex":[296],"interaction":[297],"between":[298],"neural":[302],"emphasizing":[305],"necessity":[307],"customized":[309],"approaches":[311],"tailored":[312],"subjects":[315],"architectures.":[318]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2024-12-19T00:00:00"}